Nkinga lo Greengage ipulazi: ekilasini incazelo kokwehla ethile futhi ukuhamba

Greengage iplamu grade I. V Michurinym ipulazi collective izosungulwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi kusukela lapho akalilahlile kwayo phakathi balimi. Lena damson hybrid futhi oluhlaza greengage. Usuku lokuzalwa kungenziwa ngokuthi i Ukukhetha wobuciko e 1899. Kulo nyaka, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi okutshalwe isihlahla, nezithelo kusukela kule ezihlukahlukene eyatholakala. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngo-1947, wathumela ekuhlolweni hybrid ezingxenyeni enyakatho ntshonalanga ne-central yezwe. ungakwazi ukhule lokhu iplamu ka ithambo, usebenzisa lesi sitshalo isiphunzi yezinye izinhlobo. Plum izihlahla hhayi kuphela ukuletha esihlwabusayo ocebile izakhi izithelo, kodwa futhi asetshenziselwa engadini umhlobiso. Entwasahlobo bayobizwa imbozwe emangalisayo izimbali ezimhlophe, ugcwalisa isikhala emhlabeni Iphunga.

incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Plum Greengage epulazini - iqembu ummeleli we iplamu ekhaya. Igama elithi ka yokuvuthwa - maphakathi ngasekuqaleni noma. Greengage iplamu izithelo on amagatsha ipulazi buketnye. Ubukhulu yalezi izihlahla ezincane: 3 kuphela ubude. They possess sredneoblistvennoy futhi lisakazeka umqhele babanjwa, bushelelezi esiliva amagxolo, amahlumela ngqo ukujiya isilinganiso kanye tint ngokubomvu. Lenticels kancane, zingabantu ezincane. Amaqabunga okusaqanda, aphakathi umbala oluhlaza, mihlobiso ngasonqenqemeni. Petioles esikhunjeni. Izimbali ezimhlophe, usayizi amancane.

Izithelo ezihlukahlukene Greengage epulazini

Izithelo naphakathi nendawo, okuphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani, round nge eziqongweni isicaba. Plum amnandi, kodwa nge omuncu kancane. uhlangothi fetus, encike onqenqemeni itshe, ukuthuthukiswa ngokuya ezingcono ukwedlula abanye imiphetho blunt. Amajikijolo ohlangothini libalele ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola umbala sinombala. Ikhasi nkinga mat, mncane, camera ngaphakathi nge amachashazi elincane greyish bonke ubuso. Izithelo isisindo - isilinganiso 20 g umphetho typhoid akusho ivelele, ngokungafani umphetho ohlangothini ngesikhathi amathambo. Echibini iqukethe omningi izakhi nomzimba womuntu. It kuholela e inombolo Indaphundaphu izinto ezifana potassium namavithamini R. Sinenkosi nethonya elihle enhliziyweni futhi uqinise yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Isici esiyinhloko we Greengage ipulazi iplamu - isivuno mningi. Yellow namanzi izithelo uginindela, nge isakhiwo ibuthaka, ukuminyana ophansi. Lamathambo encane ehlukanisiwe uginindela sasivumela kalula. Izithelo abe bumnandi nge-asidi kancane. Plum ukunambitha limnandi, namanzi, ke edliwayo fresh, nokwenza sezimoto, ayo, jellies nezinye Amalungiselelo ebusika. Ikhasi ukufutheka kancane ulunika umthunzi ezicashile. Inyama eluhlaza ukukhanya in umbala, soft futhi obukhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo iqala eziqhakaza ngasekupheleni, amajikijolo uvuthwe ngasekupheleni kuka-August.

Ukuqala fruiting inkathi incike indlela lokutshala: kusukela impande amaswidi kuziwa iminyaka ukuba 6 ubudala, uma ukutshala kuwo izithombo - elilodwa noma amabili iminyaka ngaphambi kosuku lokugcina. Ukuvuna obuningi, isihlahla abasha, eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 6, ungakwazi ukuqoqa kufika ku plums 8 kg, omdala (kuka-10 eminyakeni) - mayelana 40 kg izithelo. Umkhawulo kungenzeka sokuvuna - 51 kg. Ngenxa isibalo amaqanda amagatsha angase ehle ngoba Kroon eba ukuma flat. Harvest bugcogcwe ngokushesha, kungenjalo abakhwabanisi uzoqala sidilike.

Plum Greengage epulazini: bempova futhi lokugoma

Lokhu samobesplodny ezihlukahlukene, ie kudinga ezithutha impova ngoba izithelo isethi. Khama amathambo, njengoba ungathatha i-stock. Imbewu lokhu ezihlukahlukene ngokushesha ziqhume nokuthuthukisa. Lesi sitshalo akukwazi pereopylilis zinhlobo Chinese. Izinhlobonhlobo engcono ezibhekwa bempova Skorospelka obomvu Vengerka eMoscow, i-Eurasia yayigcwele 21 Ukubolekisa Yena iVolga ubuhle. ukusetshenziswa kahle ababili izinhlobo iplamu okuzenzela kanyekanye. Greengage Kolkhoz okusakazwa ikakhulu esebenzisa ukuxhumelela esihlahleni iplamu kwenye. Ukukhula fruiting incike isitokwe. Inqubo kwenziwa e kwentwasahlobo, lapho izitshalo ziye ungakabi sengivuswa. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu - lokugoma plums eqhekeza. Okunye ezahlukeneyo zingenzeka, kwenta sibonelo, ngekuletsa ngokuxhunyelelwa amagxolo noma eceleni nocezu, kodwa le ndlela kungajayezwa kuphela ngemva Sap asebenzayo.

Izici ezihlukahlukene Greengage epulazini

Omunye izinzuzo main of the ezihlukahlukene isivuno high kakhulu futhi ikhono lokubekezelela abandayo nokhahlo. Umphumela Izici:

• Ngenxa ipotimende abushelelezi kwesihlahla lungekho ngaphansi yilanga.
• Amathambo iplamu yasekhaya - impahla ephelele isitokwe. Bona ziqhume kahle, ba kulula ukuyisebenzisa ukuze isitshalo esiphelweni.
• Izithelo zithambile, okumnandi, ukubukeka naphakathi futhi ekhangayo.
• Fruiting kwenzeka kusenesikhathi futhi ngokuvamile kakade elisonyakeni walo wesithupha, ungakwazi ukuqoqa inala yesivuno of plums.
• Izithelo baqale uvuthwe azungeze maphakathi no-August.

Phakathi amaphutha yilezi ezilandelayo:

• izithelo kahle zigcinwe amagatsha futhi ngokushesha sidilike uma overripe,
• izinhlobo siqu-anezimpande of plums ekhiqizwa ukukhula okunamandla.

Ukutshala kanye Ukunakekela

Ukutshala iplamu aphuzi Greengage ipulazi collective eRussia emaphakathi iqala entwasahlobo. Kukhona nguqulo ye okutshalwe ekwindla, kodwa ke Ngokuzidela okukhulu, isihlahla akusho sijwayelane, uma kungekhona ukuthuthukisa uhlelo impande usayizi okwanele. Nale ndlela izithombo ngokuvamile iqhwa abakwazi ukhule uqine ngokwanele ukuze uqedele ebusika. Uma ungakwazi ukulinda ukuqala uma kuncibilika iqhwa entwasahlobo ukutshala iplamu prikopat babe kusayithi futhi indawo ebusika ngenhloso ungqimba obukhulu of zikaphayini lapnika futhi ebusika ngaphezu kwalokho wafafaza nesithwathwa. Ngakho kungenzeka ukwandisa amathuba okuba yisithombo ngempumelelo ukusinda okokuqandisa.

Indawo uMtshali ukukhetha kakhulu okwanele, kodwa Ukuvikelwa okusalungiswa ebandayo. Kungcono ukukhetha engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe itulo engadini noma ufake abakhwabanisi eningizimu. Kubalulekile ukutshala isihlahla endaweni lapho ngeke kuvale emagatsheni awo yezinye izitshalo. Emthunzini kuyoba kancane ukuthuthukisa kanye fruiting eza maduze. Ngaphambi ukutshala nepulamuzi yisithombo, kumelwe ukhethe zazingekho emhlabathini ofanele futhi ulungiselele okutshalwe emgodini. Ukuze lolu hlobo lwezinto ezikahle esetshenziswa loam umhlabathi, lapho i-asidi we pH 6.5-7.0. Amanzi asemhlabathini akufanele eseduze kakhulu ohlelweni impande izitshalo. Ibanga esincane kubo - 1.5 m.

Indlela ukulungiselela okutshalwe imbobo

Ukulungiselela emgodini kokwehla iqala amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqaliswa imisebenzi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukukwenza ekwindla. Pit ubukhulu kufanele ibe mayelana 70-80 cm, kanye nokujula -. 0.5 m Uma izithombo amaningana itshalwe ndawonye, ibanga elibahlukanisile kumelwe abe 3 metres. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela umhlabathi, okwenza kube evundile okunomsoco. Ngenxa yale njongo, emgodini asanda kumbiwa imvundela futhi 8 kg humus ngokungeza ingxube 100 g izinkuni umlotha. I engokwemvelo kungenziwa indawo Umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa 200 of superphosphate ne ukwengeza 80 g we potassium sulfate. Le ncwadi-esidi wethula 50 g lime fluff. A ingxube umanyolo kahle exubile wathela egodini. Maphakathi wenze indunduma encane bese usetha isihlahla wakhe, ngomusa bushelelezi ohlelweni impande.

On ohlangothini lokunene isikhonkwane faka kuya yisithombo kwaba ezinzile hhayi banqanyulwa ipheshulwa ngokuzumayo umoya. Lo mgodi ezigcwele enhlabathini ngokulinganayo izakhi, esihlahleni ngalesi sikhathi kudingeka Shake kancane emhlabathini ezigcwele zonke imigodi phakathi izimpande. Awukwazi bangcwabe esiphikeni impande ukuvimbela ukubola yayo. Kufanele kube 6 cm ngenhla eliphansi. Lapho okutshalwe iphelile, kukhona amanzi amaningi simila. Ukuze wenze lokhu udinga 2-3 amabhakede amanzi, okuyinto elachithwa zemithi, ngaphambili kwenziwa inkatho ewumngcingo lula wokunisela. Kubalulekile moisten njalo inhlabathi ezungeze lo muthi phakathi nezinyanga ezishisayo, lokhu kusebenza futhi izihlahla omdala, kungenjalo ungalahlekelwa ngokuphelele bavuna izithelo uzoqala ukwambula bese ewa. ukuthambisa avamile iyadingeka ngesikhathi izithelo kulungiselelwa futhi ebeka flower efihlekile.

Khona-ke sokukhipha isidingo hlanganisa isikhonkwane, futhi inhlabathi azungeze zamulchirovat Peat udoti, sawdust, humus noma ezinye izinto. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, izithombo futhi kudingeka ukuthambisa luningi. Plum Greengage epulazini - umswakama-onothando ezihlukahlukene, kanye nje eziningi zezihlahla kwalesi silwane. Nge ukuthambisa enganele, inhlabathi emhlabeni ufa kanye yellowing amahlamvu bese siqala iwe. Inani elikhulu lamanzi - lapho amanzi engena phansi 40 cm Ngenxa kubalulekile ukuze semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla zemithi kanye ukuligcina lihlanzekile, ukususa utshani futhi udoti -. Kuyokusiza ukugcina amanzi enhlabathini. Omunye wemithetho esiyisibopho ukunakekelwa kubhekwa nepulamuzi njalo ziba ngcono inhlabathi azungeze. It kusindisa lesi sihlahla ukhula futhi nokuvimbela izinambuzane.

Ungakwazi ukuhlobisa zemithi usebenzisa lomgwaqo tape, kodwa hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa metal noma izitini zikasimende. Kubalulekile ukususa njalo ukukhula extra - mayelana 5 izikhathi isizini ngayinye, ngaphandle kwalokho isivuno ancipha kakhulu, ngoba amahlumela zidinga umsoco futhi uthathe kubo kusukela isitshalo unina. Hlukana naleyo nto ngokuphelele engashiyanga iziphunzi, usike indawo kusetshenzwe engadini phezulu. Fall emhlabeni wonke bemba. Ukunisela kuyekwa ekupheleni Agasti, kungenjalo amahlumela bayoqhubeka bekhula, kodwa kubalulekile ukugxila izimo zezulu bese ulungise ukuthambisa, kuncike kuzo. Eminyakeni omile, isihlahla kungcono aqhubeke enisela kuze yesithwathwa kuqala.

ukuvundiswa efanele

Efaka umquba iplamu iqala kwentwasahlobo. Kodwa ngokuthenga yisithombo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izimo ezikhethekile ukuthi sekuyinto impande futhi ngokucebile fruited. Ukutshala umgodi ayilungiselele kusengaphambili ngokungeza organic Umanyolo, superphosphate kanye potassium sulfate. Izinto equkethe nitrogen lenziwa. Qala ukondla iplamu isihlahla kuqale ngonyaka ozayo emva kokutshala.

Le ndawo kusukela lapho esihlahleni uthola izakhi - mayelana 9 m ^2. izikhathi 3 unyaka on nenhlabathi izakhi esibi empandeni lokondla iplamu wenza umanyolo eziphilayo, umquba noma humus ebhakedeni 2 m ^2. Ukuze engokwemvelo, ungakwazi ukwengeza superphosphate. Ngo March-April, lapho ukhuni ongakabi usuqalile eziqhakaza iziqu esihlahleni ukuze enze 1 m ² 20 g we ammonium nitrate kanye urea. Lapho izithelo kuthululwe, zalisa futhi nitrophosphate urea, ethula 30 g. Ngemva ukususwa isivuno fed futhi superphosphate kanye potassium sulfate. Umanyolo Kugcine isicelo ekuweni kungengaphandle ngokungeza nokubunjwa nitrogen.

izihlahla iplamu

izihlahla Proper esiza ekulawuleni ubukhulu kanye ukunambitheka izithelo isivuno kanye nosayizi esihlahleni, kanye ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izifo. Amahlumela izithombo abasha sithenwe ngomunye yesithathu, ukugqugquzela ibhukumaka umqhele. Ukunquma amagatsha plums, akukho ingozi izinhlobo fruiting kufanele kubhekwe isici ke: iningi izithelo yanamathela amahlumela buketnye, futhi bambalwa kuphela - ngonyaka odlule.

Kwakunezigqiki ezithambile nakanjani kudingeka balolonge, ukusika amagatsha, kusale yokuphunyuka lwamathambo 4-6 kuphela. Ngo omdala izitshalo ziyasuswa amagatsha bahlose phansi ngaphansi Isisindo izithelo. Njalo eminyakeni 3 amahlumela main bafa eyodwa ubude ababuthakathaka - kususwa, kusale kuphela ngqo uqine. Kuyadingeka ukuba anake phezulu hhayi ukudida nabo amagatsha eqinile lapho izihlahla. izihlahla yenhlanzeko kuyadingeka futhi ukuvimbela ukusabalala nezilokazane nezifo isinambuzane. Umqhele thinned iziguli ekhishiwe futhi amagatsha ephukile futhi okungezona eziveza amahlumela.

iplamu Greengage uqala ukwakha epulazini kufanele ibe kwentwasahlobo kwekwindla akuzona, hhayi ukulimaza izihlahla. Uma udinga ukususa izingxenye zalo muthi, ungashiyi iziphunzi, ukusika yonke into phansi. Lapho ukukhula ngonyaka aqala ukuncipha ngokucijile, amahlumela saba izinkuni oneminyaka emibili. Kodwa awukwazi nje anqunywe eziningi amagatsha, noma ngete kwavela abakhwabanisi. Ukuze ake wasusa akukho kuka ingxenye yesine ka lonke umqhele. Ezingeni ukuphakama 2.5 amamitha izithombo ziqala ukuba azolinciphisa mpo babe amagatsha ngaphezulu esakaza futhi ngabo babe kwelanga kangcono. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthuthukisa amagatsha lateral.

Uma isihlahla itshalwe, egatsheni engezansi sithenwe a izinso ezinhle ukususa ithiphu nge ongakasetshenzwa imiqumbe engxenyeni engenhla ukukhula. Zonke ezinye amahlumela benqunywa ezansi. Ungakwazi ukuvula amagatsha, musa ukuwela ingxenye lwamathambo umqhele, e poluskeletnye, uma bathukuthele kakhulu usike kubo, goba, ukuthuthela khona ibe isikhundla ezintweni ezingafanele. Umqhele ewumngcingo zingenziwa ebanzi kunalokho uma amagatsha ukunquma main lesibili-oda amahlumela, okuyinto kuthambekele kolunye uhlangothi kusukela stem.

Ilungiselela ebusika

Greengage epulazini - omunye kakhulu ebusika-eziqinile izinhlobo plums. It libhekene ukusebenza esihle sokukhuthazela. Ezivamile okokuqandisa abadala Plum okulula ukuyiphatha futhi cishe bengenamizi nqabela kancane ngisho ashubisa umnkantsha. Kodwa izithombo abasha ungazange iselukhuni, ngakho abadinga indawo yokuhlala eyengeziwe ebusika. okushisa aphansi kungase uchithe imithi obucayi: ukushisa namakhaza yabo ikhava ungqimba sawdust futhi isihlahla sikaphayini iziqu amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele. Ngo nobusika obubanda kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi ukufriza amagatsha kancane encane evela izitshalo avuthiwe, kodwa cishe akunamthelela kwesikhathi fruiting, ngokuvamile izitshalo ziyakhokhwa unyaka wonke. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene iplamu - omunye ukumelana kakhulu frost futhi kungazelelwe lokushisa izinguquko.

Kunokunye ongakwenza ukuze yisithombo ebusika nokulungiselela: ngokwakha isakhiwo isihlahla phezu yomhlahlandlela arcuate, phezulu embozwe utshani noma hay iqinile esebenzisa intambo noma Twine. Isithwathwa kuyoba heater ezengeziwe, ngoba isakhiwo esinjalo ngeke thembeke ukuvikela abakhwabanisi ngokumelene kwakheke isithwathwa okusalungiswa. Ungasebenzisa ezinye izinto ezihlanganisa. Isiqu sawo isihlahla libuye Kunconywa ukuba bopha ukwahlukanisa, isibonelo, inayiloni. Lokhu uyobavikela kusuka yokungena shtamb namagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane.

ekuvimbeleni izifo

Plum Greengage epulazini, betshala nokunakekela lapho akunzima, cishe ngeke kuncike izifo fungal yena bangase bahlupheke izifo kuphela eminyakeni ezimanzi. Izinkuni uzinzile ukuba GUMMOSIS. Ukuze prophylaxis uqhutshwa izihlahla ekuvuseleleni: iziguli kanye amagatsha omisiwe, amahlamvu nezithelo bafa futhi zishiswe. I kwaphumela wabona usike futhi crack iphathwa engadini iphimbo noma ingxube lime nethusi sulfate. Ngaphambi amahlamvu yokuqala yasentwasahlobo, zonke izihlahla olufuthwe nge isixazululo Bordeaux ketshezi, futhi ukwelashwa wenziwa ekwindla urea ukunciphisa ingozi klyasterosporioza. Kubalulekile kuhambisane nemigomo processing futhi ukuvimbela okungenani izinsuku ezingu 30 ngaphambi ukuvuna.

Pest Control

Izinambuzane plums zivame kakhulu ezitholakala izithelo futhi ngaphansi amagxolo. I esiyingozi kakhulu epulazini ezihlukahlukene Greengage iplamu borer inundu. Ikakhulukazi ehlaselwe lezi zinambuzane buthaka izitshalo, isibonelo, ngemva fruiting esindayo. Ukuze uqale ukubhekana izinambuzane plums kufanele kube kwentwasahlobo: Izihlahla olufuthwe nge izidakamizwa ekhethekile izikhathi eziningana, kuye ngokuthi isigaba ukuthuthukiswa elalikudle lapho liseyisibungu. Ukuze ulwe leli bhu ngomphumela engcono labetibambile ukwelashwa mayelana 5 ne umehluko kwezinsuku ezingu-10. umsebenzi omuhle kanye izicupho okuqinile, wenza burlap, zokuvimbela ukuhlangana amahlamvu esewile, ziba ngcono njalo inhlabathi. Lapho isihlahla ngesithelo, ukuhlanza njalo up ezilimele iplamu izinambuzane ngaphakathi, ukuqoqa futhi bazishise phambi kwawo. Moth kungaba yokucashisa emagxolweni izihlahla, ngoba udinga ukususa ezindaweni exfoliated njalo. Emikhayeni yangasese Kunconywa impatho ephephile izinto abantu begazi, futhi ungasebenzisi amakhemikhali. Khona-ke isithelo ngeke aqukethe ukungcola okuyingozi.

Greengage epulazini - lena ezihlukahlukene zakudala plums, hhayi eliphansi in ukunambitheka ukuze nzalo zamanje. Izinkuni has hardiness okusezingeni eliphezulu ebusika, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho ekhula ezindaweni sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezibandayo nge. Okunhlobonhlobo evelile kanti namanje usagcinwe ngokufuna amaholide. Kahle lokumnakekela, unyaka ngamunye phakathi nenkathi, ungakwazi ukuqoqa isivuno ocebile futhi ujabulele izithelo okumnandi.