Utamatisi Tsifomandra: incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, izithombe nezibuyekezo

Utamatisi Citifander yisitshalo esishisayo. Njengoba ukubuyekezwa kubonisa, lezi zinhlobonhlobo kubhekwa njengento engavamile ezweni lethu. Izwe lalo muthi utamatisi yiNingizimu Melika. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa nesitshalo sefomu elingavamile, elimnandi ukunambitha futhi elicebile ngezakhi ezisebenzayo zezithelo. Kuye kwazuza ukuthandwa phakathi kwamafeni angaphandle kuphela eRussia, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Utamatisi Citifander: Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo

Okwamanje kunezinhlobo eziningana zalezi zihlukahlukene, ngayinye yazo inezici ezithile. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu utamatisi nguTsifomandra - yi-Beetroot Cyphomander. Lesi sitshalo esingavamile singokomndeni waseSanceceae. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuhlukahluka utamatisi akhule hhayi kuphela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Isihlahla esivela eluhlaza singahlwanyelwa ezimbizeni. Ehlobo kunconywa ukutshala isitshalo emgwaqweni, ngoba sidinga ilanga.

Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi bemifino kubonisa ukuthi utamatisi kaTsifomandra uyindlela ewusizo, egcwala izakhi ezincane nezici eziwusizo, kanye namavithamini. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwamapulazi. Ngaphezu kokunambitheka, utamatisi onjalo unesilinganiso esiphakeme sokuvunwa isikhathi eside se-fruiting.

Isitshalo sibonakala kanjani njenge-beetroot?

Iyini utamatisi kaTsifomandra? Incazelo yesitshalo kufanele iqale nge-trunk yayo. Le ngxenye yomuthi iqala ngokushesha. Izigxobo ezinama-lignified futhi ezinamagatsha amancane. Amahlamvu anesimo se-oval. Ekude, ingaba ngamasentimitha angu-20. Kulesi simo, emaphethelweni amaqabunga ngisho nangaphandle kweziqhingi.

Ukuqaphela ukubuyekezwa okuningi, i-Tomato Tsifomandra ivuselela kahle. Ukunambitheka utamatisi njengezinhlobo ezivamile, ezivame ukukhula ensimini yezwe lethu. Izithelo ngokwazo zinomumo ojikelezayo. Ngesibhamu esisodwa singakha ama-utamatisi angu-8. Zivame ukugxila kancane futhi zisayizi encane. Ngokuqondene nalezi zimbewu, zikhulu futhi zihlaziyekile kunezinhlobo zendabuko.

Olunye uhlobo

Izinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezidumile zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ezisekelwe kumbiko wamakhasimende, yi-Tsifomandra dendritic. Njengoba selivele licacile egameni, isitshalo esinjalo sakha iziqu ezingavamile kakhulu. Bafana nezihlahla ezincane. Amahlamvu afana nezinhliziyo ezincane, ezincane. Ubude bawo bungaba ngamasentimitha angama-12. Ngokuqondene ne-inflorescence, lapho kusetshenzwa khona, kufana kakhulu ne-inflorescence yamazambane.

Izithelo ze-cytofamander yi-arborescent ne-oval shape futhi isayizi encane. Utamatisi ovuthiwe athola i-orange tinge. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izithelo kudingeka ziqoqwe ngesikhathi. Utamatisi owedlule awahlali isikhathi eside emagatsheni esitshalo bese uqala ukuwa ngokushesha. Imbewu ngokwayo iyingcosana futhi ifana neyembewu yamazambane.

Izici zezithelo zomlimi weTsifomandra

Utamatisi Citifandry uvame ukudideka ngezithelo. Ngokukhula okukhululekile, isitshalo esinjalo singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili nengxenye. Lona ngumuthi ophelele. Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinomnandi okwanele ukunambitha. Phela, aqukethe ama-2.3% amashukela. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo se-fetus esisodwa singama-gramu angu-200. Utamatisi olunjalo alufanelekile kuphela ukusetshenziswa ngendlela eluhlaza, kodwa nokukhethwa.

Lesi sitshalo sanda kanjani?

Utamatisi kaTsifomandra, izithombe zazo ezinikezwe ngenhla, zande kaningi ngembewu. Nokho, kukhona enye indlela - i-vegetative. Iyenziwa ngosizo lwe-cuttings. Ukuze kusakaze izitshalo ngendlela efanayo, ukulandelana kufanele kugcinwe:

1. I-twig encane kufanele inqunywe emthini othelayo, oqinile. Kufanele okungenani kube nezinso ezintathu kuso.
2. Emgodini wezitha, kufanelekile ukuhambisa amanzi ahlanzekile nokubeka i-twig kuwo. Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole izinto zokutshala ukuze kubonakale izici zokuhlamba ngezansi. Lokhu kuzobonisa ukuqala kokwakheka kohlelo lwempande.
3. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, imbiza kumele ihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene futhi ifakwe endaweni lapho kusetshenzwa khona ukushisa futhi akukho ukukhanya kwelanga.
4. Uma izimpande ziqala ukwakha, kubalulekile ukutshala isithombo emhlabathini.

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekubuyekezeni, isitshalo esinjalo siyancipha hhayi kuphela imbewu kanye nezithombo kodwa futhi ngokusika. Ngosizo lendlela, ungathola izitshalo ezibukeka zifana nezihlahla.

Indlela Yokukhula Embewu

I-Zifomandra ikhula kanjani? Utamatisi, ukubuyekezwa mayelana nokuthi yikuphi okuhle, kungakhula kusuka kumbewu. Lena yindlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma impahla yokutshala ithengwe endaweni ehlolwe. Yona kanye inqubo yokulima iyenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu yesitshalo kufanele ihlanzwe nakanjani kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate nasemanzini. Ngemuva kwalokho, ochwepheshe batusa ukumisa izinto zokutshala ekamelweni lokushisa kanye nomthunzi kuphela.
2. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma, imbewu kufanele ibekwe amahora angu-24 endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi lizogcinwa khona. Lokhu kuhle kumunye wamashalofrifu esiqandisini.
3. Ngenkathi indaba yokutshala ilungisiwe, kufanelekile ukuxuba inhlabathi. Inhlanganisela yomhlabathi wesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ifanelekile kulolu hlobo lwezotamatisi. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula futhi i-airy.
4. Imbewu ka utamatisi kaTsifomandra ihlwanyelwa emigqeni, phakathi kweyiphi igebe elingaphansi kwamamentimitha angama-60 okufanele ligcinwe. Kubuye kunconywe ukuthi ushiye isikhala phakathi kwezinto zokutshala. Kulesi simo, ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kufanele okungenani libe ngamasentimitha angu-30.
5. Ukutshala izithombo kakade emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Futhi, utamatisi onjalo ukhula kahle ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.

Izici zokukhula ezimbizeni

Ukuhlakulela lezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi ezivela imbewu akulona nzima kakhulu. Le nqubo ayifani nobuchwepheshe bokutshala izinhlobo zendabuko ezinhlobonhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezithile zokulima ukutshala i-Tsifomandra emabhokisini nasezimbizeni. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo ezinjalo luya phambili kakhulu ezinkomba ezahlukene, hhayi ekujuleni. Ngakho-ke, khetha izimbiza kufanele zilungile. Akufanele zibe zijulile, kodwa zibanzi ngokwanele. Futhi, uma ukhula lokhu okuhlukahlukene, kutuswa ukusebenzisa amapellets. Kungenxa yabo ukuthi ukuthambisa okuyisisekelo kwezitshalo kwenziwa.

Imbewu yezitshalo kulezi ezihlukahlukene izitshalo kufanele zibe ngaphambi kwembewu yendabuko ngezinhlobo zethu zezulu. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ngokunakekelwa kahle utamatisi u-Tsifomandra unikela ngamakhilogremu angu-20 wezithelo nge-1 m ^{2 kuphela} .

Ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo

Ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi u-Tsifomandra, ekwahlulelwa yimibono yongcweti, cishe ayithobekile ekunakekeleni. Into eyinhloko ukwazi yonke imithetho nezidingo zezitshalo. Ukuhluka okunjalo kuqala kudinga usuku olude lokukhanya. Lena enye yezimo eziyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlinzeka izitshalo ngokukhanyisa okwengeziwe emnyama.

Futhi ungakhohlwa ngokudla. Faka isicelo somanyolo ngendlela ehlelekile. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu, okuqukethe i-phosphorus, kanye ne-potassium. Ngokuqondene nokunisela, kufanele kube okulinganayo. Ekwahlulelwa izibuyekezo, utamatisi udinga ukupomfa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa isibhamu se-spray. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuphenduka, kufanele asuswe. Futhi kubalulekile ukufeza pasynkovanie ngezikhathi ezithile.

Izifo Zamatamatisi Citifander

Abaningi ekubuyekezeni kwabo batusa ukuthenga utamatisi Tsifomandra Garden yaseSiberia. Lezi zinhlamvu zivumelaniswa kakhulu nesimo sezulu sezwe lethu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitshalo zizogula kancane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi ngokwawo ziphikisana nezifo eziningi ezivamile, kuhlanganise ne-fusariosis ne-verticillosis. Ngokujwayelekile, kuphakama izinkinga ngenxa yezinambuzane. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivame ukuhlaselwa yi-thrips, isi-spider mite, i-whitefly noma i-aphid.

Ukuvimbela izifo, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuchitha amagciwane kanye nenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa izixazululo ezikhethekile ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ngokuphathelene nokuhlasela kwezidumbu, zingasetshenziswa ngokusiza izinambuzane zezimboni.