Ust-Tsilma sezindiza, isikebhe, isithombe

Ust-Tsilma - emzaneni, okuyinto ingenye endala enyakatho Yurophu. It has isimo enkabeni sifunda, elinabantu has zeminyaka eziningana ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile.

Umlando nesenzakalo

Ngokusho ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni ebhaliwe kanye imiphumela abavubukuli kwa-Russian Pechora uvele ekuqaleni enkulungwaneni yesibili yeminyaka BC. e. Imininingwane eyayisekhona mayelana naleso sikhathi zisikisela ukuthi iningi laba bantu babe Novgorod.

Ust-Tsilma wabonakala ngenxa yemizamo kwezakhamuzi Novgorod Ivan Lastki. Ngo-1542 yena wanikezwa sisekelo wasebukhosini, esangenza ukulahla ezindaweni osebeni lomfula we Pechora. Ngokushesha wajoyina Lastke pinezhane futhi Mezentsev. Kubo Sekuyisikhathi eside Tsilma pool abadlale indima izindawo zokudoba. Ekuqaleni, izinkomo zizalela Lezokulima ayenencazelo ekhethekile empilweni bendawo.

Ngenxa abavubukuli mbhalo wesandla wasendulo esiyingqayizivele watholakala - "Platezhnitsa". Lapha kulapho kukhona ngisho nokuphathwa kwegama lokuqala Ust-Tsilma.

isikhathi esisha

Pechora esifundeni waqala abantu abaningi abathakazelayo ekhulwini 17-18. Le nqubo lihlotshaniswa ukuhlukaniswa of the Church, lapho amalungu aleli ukholo ubudala zaphoqeleka ukuba zibalekele kusuka ushushiso neblagodatnom aleli. Ikhaya ukuze Muscovites eziningi, Novgorod futhi baba pomortsev Ust-Tsilma. Ngakho, indawo, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi maphakathi Old Amakholwa Pechora ezifundeni enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe ingxenye European yeRussia.

Lapho emthethweni wafika Pechora, bazama bahlukile nomakhelwane bayo eliseduze - the Nenets futhi Komi-izhentsev ukulondoloza amasiko abo enkolo. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi inqubo multi-esiteji kwaba iqembu eyingqayizivele yobuhlanga nge esiyingqayizivele, izici okunobunye ukuphila namasiko, kanye nezinye umehluko ezivumela ukuhlukanisa ke kwezinye izizwe.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili Ust-Tsilma ozuza isimo elaliyisikhungo esibalulekile kwezomnotho we Pechora. Village waba namandla uxhumano unomphela nge ethenga Arkhangelskoye Omkhulu Ustyug, Cherdynskii onqenqemeni Pinega futhi Ust Sysolsk.

Ngokusho uqaphele Ermilova (Ukwakhiwa wesifundazwe esemthethweni Prince Golicyna) ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye kule ndawo kwaba 1100 futhi 4000 e eshaweni izakhiwo. Ngakho, emzaneni kokubili inani kwezakhamuzi endaweni lalilikhulu ukwedlula noma iliphi idolobha ku Arkhangelsk esifundeni. Ngo-May 1891, i-Ust-Tsilma elaba isikhungo a Pechora yesigodi emikhulu.

Contemporary

Ekuqaleni 1911 Ust-Tsilma wavula Pechora Agricultural Isilingo Station, elaba ucwaningo isikhungo sokuqala ku North le-European ingxenye RSFSR. Isisekelo kwaba idatha etholwe ngenxa eziyinkimbinkimbi survey expeditionary onqenqemeni 1902-1910 GG. Babechitha AV Zhuravsky, kamuva owaba umqondisi lokuqala kulesi siteshi. It esebenza kuze 1957. Ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi lesikhungo endaweni kwakheka umcabango ngokwesayensi ekukhiqizweni aklaba kanye nemfuyo.

Ngo-July 1929, isifunda Ust-Tsilma baba ingxenye Komi Republic. Ukwakheka imikhakha yezomnotho kanye ukuphila kwabakhileyo emaphethelweni nokhahlo kwadingeka kwezimo ezinzima North, ukungabi nayo imigwaqo kanye nebanga elivela izikhungo yezimboni.

Eyokuqala ngo-January 1932 i-Ust-Tsilma (Komi Republic) baba esihlalweni Pechora Shipping Management. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuzi kwathiwa endaweni maphakathi ngoxhaxha emfuleni. Ngokushesha eduze nedolobhana ngavula ngokusemthethweni sezindiza. Ust-Tsilma itholakala ikhilomitha elilodwa kusukela "emoyeni amasango". Usayizi evulekile - 1332 at amamitha 32.

Ukwakhiwa kwaleli emikhulu amabhizinisi lokuqala zezimboni - Suede isitshalo - waqala ngo-1930 kweminyaka emibili yaqala ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo. Eminyakeni engu-30 ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili, omunye amagatsha main besifunda kwaba ehlathini. Ust-Tsilma LPH yadalwa ngo 1933. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, okuhloswe yalo ukukhiqiza okwandayo. Ngakho, ngo-1940-1941. Kwakuthinta kuvuna cishe eziyikhulu cubic metres kwezinkuni.

umkhakha Agricultural

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, izimo Ust-Tsilma wesifunda abe nokhahlo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, emkhakheni wezolimo bekulokhu omunye ehamba phambili. Ngakho, e-1980 Polar Region ngu 11% ukunikeza ubisi 9% - inyama. Okwamanje endaweni Ust'Tsilma umngcele, lapho emisha zithandelana endulo.

kwemithombo yemvelo

Kule ndawo kukhona amandla kanye nesethi namaminerali-non-metallic, kuhlanganise izinsimbi eziyigugu, bauxite insimbi amadayimane. Industrial ukuthuthukiswa namanje oyophazanyiswa remoteness kusukela izikhungo zezomnotho kanye nokuntuleka inethiwekhi evamile ethutha abantu. Noma kunjalo, makhulu amathemba ukuqhubeka injalo, futhi konke sibonga izidubedube ocebile.

Imithombo yezindaba yendawo

Ngingayithola kanjani ukuthola ukuthi yini ehlala edolobhaneni Ust-Tsilma? "Krasnaya Pechora" - iphephandaba lokuqala wesifunda kanye namagugu emadolobheni Komi Republic. Udaba umshayeli yanyatheliswa kumagazini okweshumi kwe-October 1920. Ukuze esifundeni, cishe elingenalo Railways, ukubhujiswa ezivamile kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile kakhulu. Umhleli oyinhloko, U-Alexander waba ubuso amabili. Ambiziozny insizwa ngisho wasungula Ukuthumela "Red Pechora" Lenin. UVladimir Ilyich kubaqoqi kumagama amagama ikheli ukwazisa umsebenzi. Umholi yesigaba sabasebenzi izwe ayefisa "Krasnaya Pechora" baba iwuphawu zezimbali emaphethelweni nokhahlo wenkululeko yakhe kusukela nezinxushunxushu, ukungazi ebumnyameni. ukwesekwa Zokuziphatha kusukela enhlokodolobha esesizile amaphephabhuku entsha ukuze athole uhlamvu eliyingqayizivele futhi kahle uthole ngezinyawo.

iholide abadumile

Njalo ngonyaka ngo July, nokuguqula edolobhaneni Ust-Tsilma. "Gorka" - entwasahlobo nasehlobo isiko ukugubha, wathola isimo republic ngo-2004 - umthombo kumnandi futhi ajabule nje kuphela bendawo kodwa futhi izivakashi. It siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - ukudansa nokushayela. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, imelelwa izinombolo eziyisithupha - "Wezinsika," "izinso", "Pletnev", "Umbuthano", "nangapha" kanye "square". Plyasova Quadrille kuhlanganisa izicucu nanye - "master", "apula", "Ditty", "Krakowiak", "Seni", "I-Polka", "Marusenka," "Ngo-umgandayo emgwaqweni", "Pas de Spagna" futhi "Kamarinskaya ".

Ngo-July 2012, leli holidi lenziwa omangalisayo ikakhulukazi, njengoba emzaneni kugujwa 470 afa ngalo.

kufanekisa

Ngo-2009, ukuthuthukiswa sejazi izingalo Ust-Tsilma waqala e Union heraldry yeRussia. Lokhu kungenxa isicelo ukuphatha emzaneni. isibonakaliso ngemuva Azure. It uthumele ibhande ewumngcingo, kumiswa izikwele abathathu abamnyama nokuthi ezintathu ophuzi. They alternate nomunye. Ngaphakathi abeka ekhoneni ezintathu square omnyama ophuzi, kanye "ukuzikhohlisa" has iphethini obomvu ngamunye kubo. Ngenhla ibhande ibekwe beaver esiliva, ubambe phambi ngezidladla sedge ugongolo nombala ofanayo. Ezansi kukhombisa salmon arched, zishaya umsila wayo. Fish ababethi umbala esiliva.

zokungcebeleka

Ensimini ka Ust-Tsilma wesifunda njalo seliphindeke izikhathi ezingaphezu ayisikhombisa izikhumbuzo isiko kanye nomlando. Edolobhaneni mayelana amabili ubeka inkumbulo isizwe esikhulu izenzakalo ezibaluleke ezathonya ukuthuthukiswa esifundeni. Bangabaholi ofakazi bokuzibonela yesikhathi esidlule futhi usize lokuphinda umoya nenkathi ethize yomlando. Abaningi ezikhumbuzo elihlobene ne ubuqhawe wawoyise kanye izimpi eziningi eziye zabangela okwehlele leli zwe nokhahlo.

Copper esiliva ezimayini

Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo - omunye omdala endaweni. Itshe-nsimbi lalitholakala itholakale Tsilma emuva 1428. Okwamanje kwisayithi, elalikade misela metal, ungabona imigodi ezinhlanu.

Velikopozhensky Skit

Ngesikhathi sekuzoqala ikhulu nesishiyagalombili Elikhulu uvune kwaphakama Amakholwa Skit. Yasungulwa abameleli Mezensky abalimi kanye nabantu abavela Vyg. Ngenxa lokhu sezindela Pechora bephethe Old Engakholwa izincwadi. Hermits Schismatic zazifana umlinyana indlela yokuphila: basuke benza kule Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi emasimini uvune ukuhlanzwa sezihlahla. Ukuphila kwakunzima futhi elambile. Namuhla, izwe elalihlala emzaneni, kodwa Namanje eyaziwa ngokuthi indawo self-immolation Pechora Old Amakholwa. Ngenxa yalokho izenzakalo ngeshwa abantu 86 abulawa.

Isikhumbuzo A. V Zhuravskomu futhi Museum

Lokhu umcwaningi evelele saba neqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni Bolshezemelskaya emathafeni futhi wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo yokukhomba amathuba ukuze kuthuthukiswe ezolimo esifundazweni. Ukuqopha "Andrei Zhuravsky" Uvele Ust-Tsilma ngo-Okthoba 1981. Its kumbhali - V A. Rohin - Syktyvkar umqophi kuvezwa usosayensi kokudabula ehlathini Pritimanya. Ukwakheka wenziwe ngokhuni (larch).

Kuhlelwe Zhuravsky 1905 Zoological esiteshini baba eliqaphile ukuthuthukisa isayensi enyakatho. Kukhunjulwa kokufaneleka kwenziwe usosayensi endaweni Ust-Tsilma wadluliswa (futhi ngaleyo ndlela alondoloziwe) endlini yakhe. Okwamanje, isakhiwo ivuliwe lomlando Memorial Museum. Zhuravsky.

esiyisikhumbuzo

Lesi sibonakaliso olwenze umqophi Pylaev ngo-1985. It ihlose kube yisikhumbuzo indlela kusuka Arkhangelsk ukuba Ust-Tsilma, eyaqedwa ekupheleni yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Lo mgwaqo kwaba uxhumano kuphela emhlabeni emikhulu. On kukho kwakukhona ezinqoleni nezimpahla ezehlukene kanye nemikhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela ngokuvamile enophephela politssylnyh owafa ekuhambeni. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, bathi endleleni ugcwele amathambo.

lesikhumbuzo Batmanova

It lavulwa ngo-1983 ukuze kulondolozwe inkumbulo Basil Foteeviche Batmanova, ngubani iqhaza ukusungulwa kwamandla zaseSoviet Komi Republic. Igama lakhe futhi kwesinye isitaladi emzaneni othiwa.

embhedeni udumo

It wangcwatshwa 22 (ngokuvumelana neminye imithombo 23) isamba wabulala Abamhlophe e 1918-1920. Ekuqaleni lesikhumbuzo senziwa ngokhuni. Ukwakhiwa kabusha ithuna mass lwenziwe ngo-1967, ngenxa kwakukhona nanhlanu namatshe amade abaziwe kanye isitini lesikhumbuzo. Ngokuhamba kabusha esilandelayo Obelisk emaphakathi esikhundleni ebaziwe we mama.

House-Museum of MA Babikova - Hero kweSoviet Union

Makar A. engazalwa 31.07.1921 edolobhaneni Ust-Tsilma (isithombe emzaneni ethulwa esihlokweni). Kusukela ngo-1940, wakhonza kuzo Navy. Ngokuba impi ka ukuthunjwa echwebeni Seishin Babikov waklonyeliswa isikhundla esiphezulu. Khona-ke wakwazi ukuphulukundlela nge ihlukane imigca isitha, uthwebule kwebhuloho phezu komfula, abhubhise amabutho esitha ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu nezimoto eziyisithupha, wanquma ukuhoxa ka amaFascist bese ubamba isikhundla elalihlala amahora angaphezu nesishiyagalombili.

Okwamanje, kunomkhuba omuhle okwandayo indima izikhumbuzo zomlando namasiko bekhulisa yokushisekela izwe asemasha.

Ust-Tsilma: kanjani lapho?

Entwasahlobo and ekwindla, emzaneni ngokuvamile nginqume emhlabeni ngaphandle ngenxa iqhwa futhi iqhwa-up. Phakathi nale nkathi, kuyasiza air zokuthutha emzileni "Syktyvkar - Ust-Tsilma," kodwa omunye-way ticket kubiza ruble ezintathu namakhulu nengxenye, ukuthi akuyena wonke umuntu angaba namandla okuwunikela. Lapho mudslides ukhombe ezinophephela emhlane ukuze Izhmy futhi Pechora.

amabhasi "Iraol" Zonke ezinye esiteshini angishayele kabili ngosuku. abathandi Autotravel kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ehlobo umgwaqo endaweni ephakathi Ukhta futhi Iraolem kuba cishe kuyo. Isimo sakhe saba ngcono kakhulu kuphela ebusika.

Ibanga phakathi eMoscow futhi wachaza sigodi 2313 amakhilomitha, ubude umzila "Ukhta - Ust-Tsilma" - 362 km.

inkinga yamanje

Ngenxa yonyaka shallowing ehlobo lika emfuleni Pechora ngezinye izikhathi eyeka ukuya yifusi. Ust-Tsilma omane nginqume nezwe elingaphandle - ukuletha abagibeli, ukudla, izinto zokwakha, njll Kuba hhayi lutho. Abantu bendawo uthole omunye uhlangothi lwesikebhe phezu eight- olunikezwa yenethiwekhi yangasese. Njengoba for amaloli nezinqola, basuke elinde ukuthuthuka nhlangothi zombili we Pechora.

isiphetho

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka emihlanu, kube anesithombe ngebhange elinezintaba emzaneni Pechora Ust-Tsilma. Izithombe le ndawo, incazelo yomlando nezinto zalo ezihehayo vumela benamandla ubuhle ezimangalisayo esifundeni Russian. Times like sengqondo ngokoqobo, ushintsho, uhlala kuphela izindinganiso ezingokomoya kanye nesimo inkululeko-onothando ka abakhileyo Ust-Tsilma.