Uranium mpilo: incazelo kanye isicelo

Ngokuthi i-uranium mpilo, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko le IKhompyuthaYami U-238. Waqale akhiqizwa 1940 e-United States. Lokhu kwaziswa kuyinto leyavela uranium yemvelo enkulu ekwakhekeni fuel enuzi kanye nezinhlamvu.

kangakanani

Indlela yokwenza i-uranium mpilo? Ukuze izinkampani ezithile akuyona inkinga. Ngo Kuneziteshi zamandla enuzi abuye asebentise zemvelo U-235. Ngu ekwandiseni ngokwahlukana uranium IKhompyuthaYami ngesisindo. Ingxenye esemqoka U-235 U-234 akhishwa impahla. Umphumela OS kabani radioactivity akuyona liphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi inkomba, ke zingaphansi ngisho uranium-ore, okuyinto izazi zokuma komhlaba Soviet kanye wazalela ubhaka.

uranium mpilo: isicelo

DU ingasetshenziswa kokubili izinjongo zokuthula futhi ukwenziwa emthethweni. Isilinganiso wathola yabo ke ngokuyinhloko ngenxa ukuminyana yaso ephezulu (19.1 g / cm ^3). Isikhathi esining impela isetshenziswa, isibonelo, njengoba counterweight e ejikijelwayo izindiza. Esinye isici le nto kabanzi, yimithi. Kulokhu, lo op-amp isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukwenziwa amadivayisi ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Sebenzisa le nto futhi njengoba Ukuvikelwa ngemisebe, isibonelo, imishini-X ray.

Amasosha umkhakha uranium ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa womshini zempi amapuleti. Futhi-ke isetshenziswa womshini izinhlamvu ngisho sezikhali zenuzi. Kulesi okokuqala kwakusetshenziswa njengendlela-United States. US Onjiniyela ukuyichaza esikhundleni enkulu ekwakhekeni lezi cores BTS ezibizayo metal tungsten. Iphuzu liwukuthi uranium mpilo ukuze kuhlale efanayo kakhulu kwabantu. Ngakho cores wenza therefrom abiza eshibhile kathathu kuka tungsten.

Izici ukusetshenziswa Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe ne yokudlela uranium

Enye inzuzo yokuhlinza OS njengoba nje nengaphakathi nezinhlamvu ukuthi uyakwazi angesabi okhela phezu umthelela. Kulokhu izicucu yokukhanya emoyeni futhi okhela izinto ezivuthayo ngaphakathi imoto armored noma ukubangela ukuqhuma nezinhlamvu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, mpilo uranium Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe abe impahla self-imimese. Ngakho-ke, lo shot abafanele kwezimo ezimbi amagobolondo ezinjalo zingenziwa ukuma angesabi, siyivumele ukuba adabule zonke izithiyo kanye sakugcina amandla ukulahlekelwa.

Yikuphi esetshenziswa Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe ezifana

Amagobolondo ne-uranium mpilo esetshenziswa ukuthi amabutho ezimpini eziningana. Bakhandwa lokuqala asetshenziswe Iraq ngo-1991. Ngaleso sikhathi, iButho Lempi Lase sasetshenziswa angaba yizinkulungwane 14. Tank amagobolondo isampula. Ngokuvamile, i-United States esetshenziswa ngesikhathi oda amathani angu-300 DU.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, NATO uye wasebenzisa amagobolondo of uranium mpilo ekulweni eYugoslavia. Khona-ke, lokhu kwaholela ekubeni kungamanyala ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe. Umphakathi ngafunda ukuthi amasosha amaningi bebeye umdlavuza.

Izimangalo mayelana izifo ezibangwa lolu hlobo isikhali ngokumelene United States bafaka emva amasosha namanje e-Iraq. Nokho, akekho kubo ke awuzange wanelisa. UHulumeni Wabhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi ubufakazi ngqo ngemiphumela elimazayo engase ibangelwe DU kwi umzimba womuntu awuwona ngempela lapho.

Ngo-January 2001 i-UN Special Commission wayehlole amaphrojekthi 11, zazo etshaya izinhlamvu ngezinduku ezinjalo. Kulokhu, 8 wabo zazinayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwezazi ezithile, amanzi eKosovo kwaba ngokuphelele ongakulungele ukudliwa. Ukungaqaliswa kokusebenza endaweni yocwaningo lalingabiza zamadola kunezigidigidi ezimbalwa zezingosi.

E-Iraq, izifundo ezifanayo, ngeshwa, ungazange sezenziwe. Kodwa ulwazi mayelana amacala ngemuva kokudubula lo izakhamuzi zaleli zwe futhi ziyatholakala. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abangu-34 abaye bafa ngaphambi nje kokuqala ukungqubuzana emzini Basra umdlavuza, ngemva kokuba - 644.

zempi ipuleti

I-OS ingaphinda isetshenziswe, futhi konke sibonga kwabantu bayo ephezulu yokukhiqiza ithangi zempi. Ivame ukutholakala wenza isendlalelo Lesisemkhatsini phakathi amashidi ezimbili steel. Nasezembathweni uranium mpilo kusetshenziswa, isibonelo, kwi amathangi kanye M1A2 M1A1HA Abrams. Lesi sakamuva abangu ethuthukisiwe emva 1998. Le nqubo iqukethe mpilo uranium amagobolondo ngaphambili sikebhe futhi turret.

Izici. ithonya Okungenzeka emzimbeni womuntu

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi maqondana radioactivity ka-uranium mpilo namanje uyingozi kakhulu (isb. A., Phakathi kwezinye izinto, elinesimo eside isigamu-nokuphila), sibonakala nethonya elilimazayo emzimbeni womuntu, usengawenza ukunikeza. UN izifundo ukusho ngaphezulu ngobuciko.

Kungani emva kokudubula amagobolondo enjalo vozrstaet inani abanomdlavuza, sithole usosayensi Russian Yablokov. Lokhu umcwaningi waqale kucace ukuthi cishe hhayi eyingozi. Ekugcineni wakwazi ukufunda ukuthi amagobolondo uranium mpilo bayakwazi siyekele okuthiwa spray sobumba. Uma emaphashini lomuntu, yalolu ketshezi ingena phakathi kwamanye amathishu kanye nezinhlaka, kancane kancane iqala buthelela ku isibindi kanye nezinso, okuholela emdlavuzeni.

Phakathi no-January 2001, ngemva enifeza nophenyo eKosovo, iZizwe Ezihlangene Secretariat yonke ohambweni ziye iqondiswe izixwayiso uranium mpilo nomzimba womuntu. Nokho, nePentagon usaqhubeka ukugcizelela ukuphepha ketshezi, omema idatha kusuka World Health Organization. Futhi-ke, kuqhubeka ukusebenzisa isikhali sakhe esisekelwe.

Njengoba ngemisebe singenzeka

Uranium elikhona imvelo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngisho emzimbeni womuntu ethile ke (mayelana 90 g). Lapho contact nge DU Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe naphezu ukuphepha zawo ezilinganiselwe kulokhu, umuntu usengakwazi ukuthola ukuchayeka kancane. ngokuvamile Lokhu kwenzeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ngokuxhumana ngqo noma ukusondela ku-OS. Ngemisebe kungenzeka, isibonelo, kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwe isitokwe izinhlamvu lapho abawatholayo e emshinini efanayo, nabo doti, kwakhiwa emva kuqhuma, nokunye. D. umnyombo uranium mpilo ungaphakathi izindlu. Nokho, ubuqotho zokugcina ngezinye izikhathi kungaba i-. Kulokhu, lo ukuchayeka ingozi luyanda kakhulu.

• Lapho udle ngu ukugwinya noma ukuhogela DU izinhlayiya.

• Ngqo ngokusebenzisa igazi. Lokhu kuvamise kwenzeka ukuthi izibazi ezibangelwa contact nge amagobolondo noma zempi ezenziwe kusukela OS.

Manje-WHO iye yasungula iziqondiso ku-uranium. Iningi lazo singasebenza DU. Ngakho, umthamo ovumelekile yansuku zonke uranium ukuwela umlomo ubhekwa 0.6 mg amakhilogramu esisindo ngayinye. Izinga Asemphethweni Imifanekiso ka ionizing emisebeni kukhona 1 m3v ngonyaka ngabantu abayizakhamuzi ezejwayelekile futhi 20 m3v emihlanu edlule kulabo abasebenza imvelo ngemisebe (ngokwesilinganiso).

inkinga kabusha

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje emhlabeni uye zanqwabelana amasheya enkulu DU. Kulokhu, ubuchwepheshe yezimboni ukusetshenziswa yayo egcwele engakaze athuthukile kuze kube manje. izinkampani European ezimweni ezinjalo zivame ukuba uthonye isikimu silula. Ngokusemthethweni, bamane ukuthumela OU eRussia ukuze kusetshenziswe. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-operation ezifana ubhekwa ngisho eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma izindleko nokulahla ketshezi futhi isitoreji yayo. Inzuzo ngoba izinkampani kuleli cala itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ngemva doobogoscheniya Europe ibuyisela% 10 kuphela amazwe izinto zokusetshenziswa eRussia. 90% uhlala endaweni wezwe lakithi.

Ngokusho umthetho, ukugcina OU bakwamanye amazwe eRussia akunakwenzeka. Ukuze uthole nxazonke, angaphandle uranium mpilo umane sidluliselwe ubunikazi sikahulumeni. Kuze kube manje, i-Russia uye zanqwabelana ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 800. Amathani imfucuza ezinjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ayizinkulungwane. 125 Amathani waba nayo esuka eYurophu.

U.S OS libhekwe njengelingcwele kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi. ERussia, le-uranium mpilo kuchazwa njengendlela eyigugu izinto zokusetshenziswa amandla, kahle zokuhamba okusheshayo sikhungo izinzwa.