Umqondisi we Federal Bureau of Investigation Edgar Guver: Biography, ukuphila siqu, izithombe

Guver Dzhon Edgar (iminyaka yokuphila - 1895-1972) - Isikhulu sikahulumeni saseMelika, ngubani ngoba cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka kwaba umqondisi-Federal Bureau of Investigation. Wabhekisa amabombo ke kusukela ngo-1924 kuya ku-1972, okungukuthi, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Sonke lesi sikhathi, Guver Dzhon Edgar wayengomunye walaba izibalo abanethonya kakhulu e-US. Abaningi, siphawula inkonzo yakhe ezweni, John ngabaxhaphazayo kwamandla. sibalo lakhe impikiswano, futhi ukuhlala esikhundleni esithile yayiyinde ngokungavamile. Lokhu kwaba isizathu sokuthi isikhathi enkulu ukuthi asebenze isikhundla sokuba FBI (Bureau of Investigation uqambe kabusha ke ngo-1935) emva kokuba isethwe eneminyaka engu-10.

Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, wena zijwayele lo muntu ezithakazelisayo njengoba uJohane Edgar Hoover. Photo kanye biography kuyokusiza uthole umqondo walo.

Imvelaphi ebuntwaneni Hoover

mayelana ekuqaleni ukuphila Dzhona Edgara Kuncane okwaziwayo. Yazalwa ngo-Washington ngo-January 1, 1895, uJohane wayeyingxenye ingane yesithathu emndenini umsebenzi eHhovisi Geodesy futhi ekudwetshweni kwamabalazwe Dickerson Naylor Hoover. igama likanina lalingu-Enni Mari Hoover Sheytlin. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uJohane owaziwayo okusezingeni eliphezulu emidlalweni yesikole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is zihlukaniswa ikhono Ziphikisana, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekulweni ukulingana zabesifazane.

Ukutadisha eNyuvesi

Wokuphila baphawule ukuthi phakathi ukuqeqeshwa Hoover kwakudingeka bafune imisebenzi Library of Congress USA. Edgar Guver Dzhon waba nesithakazelo ekubhaleni izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye zincwadi. ekugcineni Lokhu uthando kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi wayekwazi ukuba abuthe Idokodo elikhishwe ku abantu of America kwezigidi ezingu-25. Yiqiniso, lesi sibalo umxhwele. Nokho, i-FBI kufayela phezu izinkomba ikhadi kuqhathaniswa amaGestapo kanye NKVD ubukeka namanje ngempela nesizotha.

Ministry of Justice Izikhungo

Ngo-1917, Hoover iziqu University of George Washington (kusihlwa Faculty of Law). Phakathi nezifundo zakhe khona, wahlanganyela elangenza Kappa-Alpha. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Hoover waqala ukusebenza e-US Department of Justice. Umsebenzi wakhe ukuthi ethungatha phansi abantu ngubani bakwazi ukuphunyula okusalungiswa. ngokushesha Hoover waba inhloko yalawa umnyango ophethe yokubhaliswa izakhamuzi zamazwe nobutha.

Dzhon Guver kanye Masons

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Novemba 9, 1920 e-Washington seluqaliwe phakathi Masonic Guver Dzhon Edgar. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kuye baningi, futhi akubona bonke ukwazi ukubona ifomethi isihloko olulodwa, kodwa kufanele nakanjani ukukhuluma mayelana ubuhlobo Masons. John Edgar wathola iziqu zeMasters e "Federal ibhokisi elithi" inombolo 1. Lokhu okulandelayo kwenzeka ezinyangeni 2 ngaphambi nje kokuba usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa 26th. Futhi lapho Hoover waphenduka 52, wathola imiklomelo eminingi futhi izindondo. Ngo-1955 yena wakhushulwa ezingeni 33, ngemva kwalokho lo Johane wayegqoke ngokuthi Supreme Inspector General. Ngo-1965 wayenakekela futhi yaklonyeliswa Omkhulu Cross udumo - ukuqashelwa eliphakeme Scottish Rite. Namuhla, Masonic Temple AASR has Igumbi E. Hoover. Iyisonto amadokhumenti amaningi siqu.

Ukusebenza Palmer

John ngo-1919 wamiswa ngo-Ministry of Justice for the post ka induna Jikelele Intelligence uMnyango. Ngemva kokuba kususwe ikhanda zenkonzo Wayengubani u-Alexander Pamler, Hoover baba umsizi wakhe. Kanye naye lihlela ukudingiswa mass ezweni kanye baboshwa ezizivelelayo. Lezi kuphangwa nabizelwa Palmer kuphangwa. Ngesikhashana nje, Hoover wadala inkomba yekhadi obuyizinkulungwane 150. Abantu, elinabantu osolisayo. Ngu-1921, it isivele ifinyelele ayizinkulungwane 450. Qopha. Hoover futhi Palmer ukuboshwa yakhula kakhulu kwahlelwa yomlando wase-America: hhayi abantu angaphansi kuka-10 eziyinkulungwane baboshwe ngo-January 1920

Qala isevisi e-Bureau of Investigation

Ngo-1921, uJohn waqala ukusebenza ngo-Bureau of Investigation, lapho wathatha liSekela lomNqophisi. Ubaba wakhe washona ngonyaka olandelayo. Futhi ngo-1924 Kalvin Kulidzh, owayengumongameli ngesikhathi, uqokelwe we Bureau of Investigation Dzhona Edgara Hoover.

kabusha Office

Lapho wathatha ihhovisi, inhlangano iqashe abasebenzi mayelana 650, 440 ababengasekho ejenti. Eminyakeni yokuqala kube kakhulu ziyancipha izindleko kanye nosayizi ejensi Guver Dzhon Edgar. Bureau of Investigation ifikile ukumela inhlangano yesimanje enamandla. Izimfuneko ukuqasha abasebenzi abasha ziye bagqugquzela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Edgar Guver wadala esikoleni Wabasaqalayo. Wakhokha ukunakekela okukhethekile ubuchwepheshe, inhlangano ye ingobo yomlando zeminwe laboratories ngobuchwepheshe kanye imishini ngaphasi kwegunya layo.

Imisebenzi ka-Bureau of Investigation e-30s

Bureau of Investigation e-1930 wahlushwa ukukhula ka obugebengu obuhleliwe emphakathini, kanye ngamacala okuphanga amabhangi eminingi, wathi ngesikhathi ku Midwest. bands Small ngokuvamile kuthiwa babamba inkunzi amabhange, kanjalo sisebenzisa izimoto fast and ezizishintshayo. Kunikeza abafundi inzuzo phezu amaphoyisa. Ukuze ngibalekele woshushiso, bewela imigqa isimo. Ngo 1933-34., Ngemva iziphathimandla amandla kwanezelwa, i-Bureau wakwazi ukuthola, ukubulala noma ukubopha eziningi ezigebengu aziwayo, kuhlanganise Dzhona Dillindzhera. Le nhlangano Yaphinde yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-FBI ngo-1936. Emva United States Franklin Roosevelt abe ngumengameli ngo-1936, wayala uphenyo Hoover lokuvukela eMelika.

FBI ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili

umama Hoover washona ngo-1938. I-FBI ngo-1942 wabanjwa amaqembu amabili saboteurs evela eJalimane, futhi ziye etshalwe nge ngwenya ogwini-United States. Nokho, akulula ukuthola ukuthi lungakanani kwaba sokunconywa omkhulu kule ehhovisi, kusukela ezimbili iziboshwa ngokwabo owayezinikele US iziphathimandla watshela abanye.

BaseMelika phakathi neMpi Yezwe II kwakhiwa IHhovisi Strategic Services. Le nhlangano isebenza nabo isevisi British imfihlo. Edgar Guver babembheka izinsolo futhi cishe abazange babambisane ne Oss. FBI ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, kwakukhona kufika kubasebenzi ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nantathu. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona kungathi izinkulungwame eziyisihlanu ejenti.

Guver Dzhon Edgar: uthando ukuphila

John kungenziwa ngokuthi indodana azinikele. Ubaba wakhe washona lapho eneminyaka engu-26 ubudala. NoJohane benza isinqumo neze ukuba ishade bese iyaqhubeka aphile nalo lonke ekuphileni sikanina. Umama washona Nokho, eminyakeni engu-17 kamuva, Hoover abese ehlala bachelor. Wayekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi siyini isithiyo esikhulu kule career indoda ungowesifazane. Eminyakeni 44 wokuphila kuphela umngane uJohane wayeyindodana Klayd Tolson.

Le ndoda yayihlale umsizi ezintathu -US izikhonzi ukuzivikela, ngaphambi ngo-1928 waqala ukusebenza FBI. Ngemva kokufa kukaJohane washiyela wonke impahla yakhe Tolson. izindleko zalo kwakulinganiselwa ku eziyinkulungwane 551 zamaRandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eseke ifulegi kulo lomngcwabo Hoover wathandela emngcwabeni.

Ukufa Hoover negama lakhe emlandweni

Ngo-1972, J. Edgar Hoover wafa, Isikhulu sikahulumeni saseMelika. Kuphela ngemva kokufa kwakhe, izwe wakwazi ukuphefumula gidi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Nixon ngisho wahambisana naye yakhe yokugcina uhambo isiqalekiso. Nokho, kamuva, abaningi baye elibuyekeziwe ngomhla imisebenzi umqondisi FBI. Yiqiniso, lokho akusho ngempela angena kwayo ingxenye yohlu lwezincwadi kubhekwa isibonelo intando yeningi kanye nenkululeko, kodwa ayikwazi ukususwa kusukela igama yomlando wase-America. Uma kungenjalo, uzobonakala ngokusobala Wagcwalisa.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo Hoover

Tom Clark, US Attorney General, ngo-1946, uyalele John ukwenza uhlu baseMelika abaneminyaka engase abangathembeki emagunyeni. Kwakudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngezikhathi zempi noma uma kwenzeka esiphuthumayo ukuze sikulibazise kubo. Edgar Guver ngesonto emva waqala Nempi YaseKorea, wethula uhlelo Truman, owawuthi kufanele ubambe kufika ku-12 izakhamuzi ayizinkulungwane. US abangekho engathembekile umbuso. Kwakufanele ukuba ayiyeke le Ukubuyekeza sokwahlulelwa esimweni ngasinye. Truman akazange ulandele uhlelo ehlongozwayo.

Dzhon Guver yaziwa nangokuthi umqalisi yokushushiswa Alana Frida, umsakazo aphethe Cleveland, owaqala wasebenzisa inkulumo ethi 'idwala' n 'roll. " Ethosiwe ngasekupheleni 50-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule kwaba imputable ekufumbathiseni - kwezinsolo zokuthi wathatha ukufunjathiswa kusukela disc bamakamela ukukhuthaza ezinye zalezi zingoma. Hoover wathatha umculo njengoba edlubulundayo, ukuvukela umbuso, okuyinto kunomthelela omubi ngayo esizukulwaneni esisha.

kungabhekisela kwamasiko

Ngo umkhiqizo "Shansela Wesandla" Robert Ludlum Edgar Hoover uyisisulu ngomzamo kokubulawa, ehlelelwe umhla "Inver Brass", inhlangano eyimfihlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa weba Idokodo elikhishwe ngolwazi yayibuthe. Lolu lwazi ebucayini izibalo zezombusazwe futhi umphakathi abavelele.

Le filimu "Izitha Yomphakathi" wazalwa ngo 2009. Billi Krudap ukudlalwa indima ifilimu ka Hoover.

Esinye isithombe kuyinto ekufanelekele ukubukeka wabathanda ubuntu bakhe - ". J. Edgar". Klint Istvud yiyona umqondisi wale movie futhi uLeonardo DiCaprio ukudlalwa ke indima Hoover.

Parody kaJohane khona in the movie "Black ingubo". Kuyinto ngalokhu uhlamvu, Edgar Kluwer (asebenza khona njengomdwebi umqondisi wenkampani Thwebula).

Manje, sabatshela mayelana muntu impikiswano njengoba Guver Dzhon Edgar. Umlando wakhe ekhanyisa ezithile emlandweni we-United States ngekhulu lama-20, ngakho ngisho namuhla, namashumi eminyaka angemva kokufa kwakhe, kuqhubeka ukukhiqiza inzalo esuka kubantu emhlabeni wonke.