Umlobi Vera Panova. Biography Panova, Vera Fedorovna

Vera Panova eyaziwa kubafundi banamuhla ikakhulu njengoba uthisha kanye Sergei Dovlatov uhlamvu. Wakhe izincwadi namuhla musa ukufunda okuningi. Lo wesifazane, eqinisweni, - Classic kwezincwadi Soviet. Vera Panova - umbhali, ogama izincwadi ziye wayemthanda futhi umfundi jikelele, nalabo abane- bokusungula nenkathi yamaSoviet.

Umlando iDemo okudala

Umsebenzi wakhe kuhlanganisa imibhalo, kudlala, izindaba, amanoveli. Bona Vera Panova kuphakamisa izinkinga zezenhlalo nesimilo nkathi yakhe. It ihlaziya Psychology ubudlelwano nezinhlamvu. kukhona Ethandwa kakhulu indaba "satellites" futhi "Serge" (ngokulandelana 1946 1955), kanye amanoveli "Kruzhilikha" futhi "Four Seasons" (1947 1953). Lwenza ngo-1958 "inoveli isihawu", okuyinto kwaba isithombe kwesizukulwane 20s kwekhulu lama-20. Vera Panova - owawina Stalin futhi eU.SSR State Prize (kathathu - eminyakeni 1947, 48 no-50).

Umkhaya Sokholo Fedorovna

Wazalelwa 1905, mhlaka 7 Mashi, emzini Rostov-on-Don. Uyise umbhali esizayo - i umthengisi abampofu, futhi kamuva wakhonza njengombonisi wamabhuku ezimali umsizi ebhange Rostov. Lapho Ukholo wayeneminyaka engamashumi 5 ubudala (ngo-1910), ukuthi wafa kabuhlungu kuminze Don. Ngakho-ke Ukholo umama, owayefundisa umculo oqeqeshiwe, kwadingeka ukuba bakhulise izingane zabo ku enesizotha kontorschitsy iholo futhi umfelokazi impesheni etholakele ebhange.

Ebuntwaneni Panova

Kunzima babe neminyaka yokuqala elandelayo udumo. Baye isidingo nobumpofu. Kodwa Panova bajwayelane ukuphila amadlelo idolobha, futhi ukuphila kwabantu abavamile. Were okuvelayo eziphikisa yobuntwana. Kusukela esemncane, kanye imidwebo ezimibalabala edolobheni samaholide ka Rostov, umbhali esizayo futhi zikhumbuleke ekuphileni kwansuku zonke zesifunda. Wathola ekupheleni Russia ubudala. Impi kanye Okthoba Revolution Civil lanyakazisa indlela komkhuba ukuphila. Zonke vicissitudes of zikhathi ezineziyaluyalu, evivinywa uqobo futhi ukhule. Izikhathi eziningana ukushintsha amandla kuleli dolobha. Kuphela ekuqaleni 1920, wagcina baba Soviet.

Panova iziqu ngaphambi esikoleni Revolution Class 4. Ukuze uqhubeke ukuqeqeshwa kwadingeka ukuba uyekwe ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali. Ikhaya intombazane wahlanganyela self-imfundo. Walifunda naye eziningi, kakhulu ekuseni baqala ukubhala izinkondlo.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Panova Vera Fedorovna iminyaka 17 ephrintiwe njalo emaphephandabeni ezifana "South namaSoviet", "Intsha Don", "Labor Flows Don" nabanye. Yena ishicilelwe ngaphansi mbumbulu V Staroselskaya (nesibongo umbhali umyeni wakhe) kanye Vera Veltman eziningi ezihlekisayo ezilula, izihloko, ama-eseyi, izincwadi. Kulesi engcono satirical aphume ngothi umlobi abasha ( "Capital izinhlamvu," "komkhiwane leaf", "umPristi Ophakeme," "wezilwane-Chernigov", "ngqondongqondo engaziwa", "ezintathu eziphumayo"). Lezi zincwadi ezazilandwa Vera Panova udumo wokuqala wendawo. Abazange ayizange iphumelele, futhi ukuze aqhube lokusungula, kusale umgubuzelo ezondile amahlaya indida ezicashile, okuyinto kamuva uzoba khona eziningi imisebenzi yakhe edumile.

Ujwayele emjikelezweni etemibhalo

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, journalism uhlala umsebenzi Panova ezinkulu. Catching ke, wahlangana Alexander Fadeyev, J. Hughes, B. Stavsky, N. Pogodin emahhovisi iphephandaba. Safika Rostov A. Mariengof, Mayakovsky, Lunacharsky, S. Yesenin. Vera Panova wasebenza kwaze kwaba maphakathi nawo-30 yalolucwaningo komagazini zezingane kanye namaphephandaba Rostov ( "Uphondo", "Umlilo", "abazukulu kukaLenin").

Ukudlulela Ukraine

Ebusika 1934-1935, isiphetho umbhali senzeka edabukisayo soshintsho. Amacala amanga, eboshwa B. Vakhtin, umyeni wakhe wesibili. Esaba ushushiso, Panova Vera Fedorovna ithuthumela izingane ku Ukraine, e le Poltava esifundeni (isigodi Shishaki). Lapha yena ubhala izinkondlo mayelana nenhlekelele umzabalazo ukungalingani ne-Spanish Republican Franco.

Drama Panova

Kwatholakala ukuba isithakazelo esinamandla kakhulu idrama Vera Feodorovna. Wabonisa kulo umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko. Lapho Vera Panova, biography elichazwa lesi sihloko, ngo-1933 bathuthela yiLeningrad, wamthatha sina izinkinga zale nkundla. I kudlala se-impi "Ilya Kosogor" futhi "Esikhathini eMoscow ubudala" (ngokulandelana - 1939 nango-1940) Panov waphendukela iminyaka esandulele inguquko - isithombe phakathi ekilasini kuyindlela yokuphila, abakhileyo kwasala futhi eminyakeni elandelayo. E-Moscow, play waya esiteji ngo-1940, kwathina siqondiswa yilowo Yu.Zavadskogo. Yena alandwa Leningrad Theatre. Pushkin ngaphambi kwempi (umqondisi - Vivien L.).

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe emphilweni umbhali

Panova yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, wahlangana edolobheni Pushkin, etholakala eduze Leningrad. Anginayo isikhathi sokuthi abantu baphume ngaphambi kokufika amaJalimane Vera Panova. Biography yomlobi ngesikhathi sempi eba kanje. Nge ingane (e-Ukraine, kaShishaki, wathi kubo wahlala izingane ezimbili) Panova safinyelela kwakubucayi baya edolobhaneni lase-Ukraine. Ngemva kwalokho okuvelayo ngale ndlela ziyabonakala emdlalweni ngokuthi "isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa", kanye inoveli zakamuva ngokuphila kwakhe ngo Vera Panova "Ngo empilweni yami, izincwadi kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda." Ensimini ehlasela, edolobhaneni Vera isandla kuqala lakuthola abantu inhlekelele ukujula. Kusukela kulolu vivinyo, laphuma ngokokuziphatha lukhuni, egcwele imibono emisha.

Dlulisela ku Perm, indaba "satellites"

Panova wakwazi kuka-1943 ukuhambisa besuka e-Ukraine Perm. Lo muzi waba neqhaza elibalulekile empilweni yakhe njengoba ilapha, kumagama omunye amaphephandaba, wanikwa umsebenzi ukuya njengoba intatheli esitimeleni esibhedlela ukuze ubhale incwajana travel imiphumela okwenzeka abasebenzi. Ngakho indaba "satellites" yasungulwa ngo-1946, ingenye imisebenzi engcono yomlobi, waba zakudala yezincwadi nenkathi yamaSoviet. Ngemva kwalokho Panova wathatha i-Union of Soviet Abalobi.

Indaba baba ukuzwa elikhulu emhlabeni izincwadi. Kwakuyisikhathi yimpumelelo enkulu abafundi. Ngo umkhiqizo - kuphela iqiniso, hhayi iconsi singesokunene samanga. Panova konyaka ukhishwa le Stalin Prize - uphawu ukuqashelwa emphakathini. "Satellites" njengoba yaziwa, wancoma Stalin yena. Ngu Panova impumelelo wafika okokuqala kuqhathaniswa ngasekupheleni yomlobi zonke-Union uthwebule lapho eseneminyaka kakade forties yakhe.

Vera Panova, isithombe uvezwa ekuqaleni, le ndaba uye wakwazi ukwakha igalari elincane kodwa umxhwele izinhlamvu. izahluko Hlukanisa abazinikele namaqhawe, "Yulia Dmitrieva," "UDkt Belov," "ULena", "kusho uDaniel". "Satellites" ukwakhiwa - uchungechunge portrait tindzaba letimfisha adala ayibonakali umfundi ukuziphilisa, lephelele art project.

"Evdokia"

Ngo-1945, umlobi Vera Panova wadala indaba yokuqala - "Umndeni sophayi" ( "Evdokia" njengoba uchitshiyelwe ngo-1959). "Evdokia" Panova wayethambekele cabanga DEBUT yakhe yangempela izincwadi kusukela okokuqala wabhala ngendlela yakhe evamile.

"Kruzhilikha"

LamaRoma 'Kruzhilikha "uyaphuma 1947. Utshela indaba ngabantu we Ural sempi endaweni yokukhanda. "Kruzhilikha" - inoveli mayelana emzaneni ukusebenza ngokuthi Motovilikha. Umkhiqizo main kokungqubuzana senzeka phakathi Listopad, umqondisi ifektri, futhi Uzdechkin, umholi inyunyana. He is, ngokungafani iningi eminye imisebenzi okuqondene uhlobo "ukukhiqizwa" amanoveli, ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni zokuziphatha. Kuyinto nganeno "Kruzhilikha" savusa impikiswano kanye ukungabaza enkulu ezingxoxweni eziningi. Kodwa, umlobi Vera Panova kulo msebenzi uye wasigcwalisa ngokwawo:-ke lihlale kanye nesithakazelo ezindabeni zokuziphatha. Kusukela izimfanelo eziwumgogodla wabantu kwakuxhomeke zonke "ezimbonini".

umsebenzi okwengeziwe

Panova, Vera Fedorovna, biography okuyinto sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo Eminyakeni eyalandela, kudala uchungechunge amanoveli kanye letimfisha: "okugqamile Shore", "Romance Sentimental", "Nezinkathi '(ngokulandelana - 1949, 1958 no 1953).

Story "uSergei," ebhalwe ngo-1955 Ode to uchungechunge imisebenzi mayelana izingane: "Umfana Girl", "uVladimir", "Val" nabanye.

Isikrini lithathelwe "Sergei"

Le ndaba kancane uye yabakhanga Igor Talankin futhi Georgy Danelia, abasha ifilimu abaqondisi. Anikeza umlobi ukubamba iqhaza ekudaleni iskripthi. impumelelo enkulu kwaba ifilimu eponymous. Esazama Vary International Film Festival, Grand Prix. Kungakuhle linamathele temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Panova cinema ncibilika, njengoba itholakala maphakathi komphefumulo womuntu, hhayi imishini state.

Isebenza izindikimba zomlando

Umlobi Panova eminyakeni yamuva eqala ukudala imisebenzi izindikimba zomlando. Uyabhala tindzaba letimfisha enikelwe ERussia yasendulo, Ivanu Groznomu, inkathi Nezinkinga. Bona yashicilelwa eshicilelwe ngo-1966 incwadi ethi "Ubuso sokuntwela kokusa." Ngokusho umbhali, lalisetshenziswa "inqubo KaMose" e ekumeni zomlando kanye imidwebo. Panorama izindaba lalinabashumayeli izingcezwana ngazinye esikhathini esidlule. Analogs futhi egcwele kungabhekisela misebenzi. Umlobi kwaphoqa abafundi bakhe ngokuzindla ukuqhathanisa. I esiyinhloko yayiyini inkinga wabantu kanye nohulumeni, kobushiqela kanye nokuzibophelela isizwe nombuso. Panova Incwadi yokugcina olwanyatheliswa ngo-1975, ngemva kokushona komkakhe. Ibizwa ngokuthi "On empilweni yami, izincwadi kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda."

Lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi ngokushesha imisebenzi eyinhloko Vera Panova.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngemva kokuhlanganyela ku-iCongress of Soviet Abalobi, ehlobo lika-1967, Panova wabuyela Leningrad kusuka eMoscow ekhathele kakhulu, kodwa noma kunjalo, waqhubeka esebenza. Wazibonakalisa nemiphumela eyinhlekelele: umbhali unhlangothi, kusukela lapho ukuphila kwakhe konke ayikwazanga alulame. Kodwa kulezi isifo mnyama eminyakeni watshengisa omkhulu amandla okumelana naso futhi waqhubeka esebenza.

Umlobi Panova Vera Fedorovna ukudala kudlala entsha, kwezobuciko Biography of Muhammad (umprofethi), emincanyana zomlando. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi zalotshelwa ezinye emakhasini Umlando temibhalo yephrozi.

Ujwayele Sergei Dovlatov

Sergei Dovlatov ababehlala endlini okufanayo umbhali. Wayeyindoda eyisithuki. isimilo saKhe, noma Wabhala ngothile, qiniseka ngokushesha ube iqhawe akumnandi kakhulu yaseshashalazini yamahlaya. Vera Panova wayazi Dovlatov. Wayesebenza ngasekupheleni '60s uNobhala yobuciko umbhali. Panova emakhasini temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yakhe Esivelele kwezinkambiso zokuziphatha. Akukho nelilodwa izwi ezimbi kwathiwa ngakho. Lona uhlamvu kuphela omuhle kuzo zonke usebenza Dovlatov.

ukufa Panova

Vera F. wafa ngo-1973, ku-3 Mashi. Umlobi wangcwatshwa eLeningrad, emathuneni e Komarovo.

On the olungaphambili lwesonto indlu, sise le Champ de Mars, 7, kuyinto esiyisikhumbuzo egwadle qwembe ukuthi uthi kusukela ngo-1948 kuya ku-1970, wasebenza lapha ahlala Vera Fedorovna Panova. Ikhumbule umbhali ke iqanjwe yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu Leningrad.