Ulwazi mayelana nesistimu e-Windows: kanjani ukubukeka nokuthi kungani kuyadingeka?

Ngokuqinisekile namuhla, omunye umsebenzisi olungiselelwe noma omncane uzokwazi ukubiza kalula imingcele yekhomputha yakhe noma ulwazi mayelana nesistimu, kufaka phakathi "uhlelo lokusebenza olufakiwe", uhlobo kanye nemvamisa yeprosesa, inani le-RAM, i-disk, njll. Kodwa abaningi abazi ukuthi lokhu kulungile, Ngakho ukukhuluma, indawo engaphezulu yeqhwa. Futhi uma ufuna ukwazi indlela yesiteshi se-DMA? Yini okufanele uyenze ngaleso sikhathi? Manje ake sikhulume ngokuthi singafunda kanjani yonke imingcele ngokuningiliziwe.

Ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nesistimu

Abasebenzisi abaningi bangacasuka, bathi, yiziphi iziminganiso ezimbi ezibangelwa ukuchofoza kwesokudla kwisithonjana sekhompyutheni, lapho ungabona imininingwane eyisisekelo ku-terminal noma laptop yakho?

Impendulo ikhona embuzweni ngokwawo. Ulwazi olunikezwe kulesi sigaba lukhulu kakhulu futhi alunikeza isithombe esiphelele sokucushwa.

Okufanayo kuya ejwayelekile "Isiphathi Sedivaysi". Yiqiniso, ingabona yonke "insimbi" noma izingxenye ezibonakalayo ezitholakala ohlelweni, ngisho noma zikhutshaziwe ku-BIOS noma lezozinkinga noma izingxabano. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, udinga ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana ne-hardware nesimo se-software ukuze ubone izimbangela zokuhluleka futhi uqede izinkinga ezivela.

Ulwazi lwesistimu: Windows OS Software

Kunoma yikuphi "uhlelo lokusebenza" lomndeni weWindows, kukhona ithuluzi langokwezifiso lokubuka lolu hlobo lwolwazi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesistimu uqobo.

Kuningi lwemingcele ehlukahlukene evezwa lapha. Ngokuqinisekile, ezinye zazo azidingekile ukuba umsebenzisi ovamile emsebenzini wabo wansuku zonke, kodwa ochwepheshe abasebenza ekulungiseni noma emhlanganweni we-computer terminals, lolo lwazi lungasho okuningi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsizakalo owakhiwe ngaphakathi uqoqa ulwazi mayelana nesistimu ngemuva, ngokushesha usabela ekushintsheni okuncane kokucushwa kuwo wonke amazinga. Futhi lokhu kwenza ikakhulukazi "indawo" yeWindows isebenze kalula.

Ngibheka kanjani idatha yedatha yemingcele?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi ungabuka kanjani ulwazi mayelana nesistimu. Kunezindlela okungenani izindlela ezintathu zokwenza lokhu ku-Windows.

Indlela evame kakhulu ukusebenzisa imenyu ethi "Qala" ngokukhetha okulandelayo kwezinhlelo zosizo noma amathuluzi wokuphatha, lapho ukwahlukana okufunayo kutholakala khona (umehluko endaweni ukhona ngenxa yezinguqulo ezahlukene "zesistimu yokusebenza" uqobo).

Izindlela zesibili nezesithathu nazo zilula. Kodwa abasebenzisi abaningi bangakhohlwa ngabo, noma bamane abazi nje ngabo. Ungasebenzisa imenyu ethi "Run" (Win + R), lapho umyalelo msinfo32 unqunywe khona. Ungahamba ngenye indlela, okokuqala ngokubiza umlayini womyalo (Win + R + cmd), bese ufaka imininingwane ye-system. Empeleni, ukuthi lolu hlelo luzobizwa kanjani, alusebenzi indima ekhethekile. Kubani okulula kakhulu.

Izingxenye zemenyu enkulu

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi yini ethakazelisayo esigabeni "seSistimu Yokwaziswa". Nazi izigaba ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo. Ngaso leso sikhathi sibheka umzila wolwazi jikelele. Lapha, hhayi kuphela ulwazi mayelana nesistimu ye-Windows kubonisiwe, kodwa futhi nenamba yemingcele ehlobene nayo. Isibonelo, inguqulo, ukwakha, ukukhipha disk, i-bootloader, njll Ungakwazi ukubona ngokushesha izinguqulo zamanje ze-BIOS ne-SMBIOS, idatha yomsebenzisi ne-geolocation, ulwazi ku-"RAM" nememori yangempela noma isimo seModuli ye-Hyper-V, uma Lokho kuyatholakala. Okulandelayo, isigaba sezinsiza ze-hardware silandela. Umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akanakwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi idatha yedatha. Kodwa umlawuli wesistimu angabuka kalula izici ezithile ezibalulekile ekuqedeni lokhu noma lelo glitch ezingeni le "hardware".

Okuthakazelisayo kakhulu yizingxenye zezingxenye. Kufana nokufana ne "Isiphathi Sedivaysi", kodwa idatha evezwe kuyo ichazwe kabanzi. Emva kwakho konke, awukwazi ukubona kuphela igama lenkampani, kodwa ulwazi mayelana namafayela okushayela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nge-multimedia, wonke ama-codecs afakiwe nama-decoder ohlelweni, kumadivayisi wenethwekhi - imingcele yabo ephakeme, imishini yokushayela ne-controllers - idatha yabo, njll. Ngokuvamile, ungafunda okuningi kulolu lwazi kunalowo owethulwe Umphathi. Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukunaka amadivaysi anempi (ukungasebenzi). I-Windows OS ngokwayo ayikwazi njalo ukumelela ulwazi olunjalo ngisho nakumphathi, kepha lapha ngayinye ingxenye engaphumeleli ingathola okungaphezulu.

Okokugcina, esigabeni sesimo se-software, ungathola lonke ulwazi lomsebenzisi mayelana nabashayeli, amamojula, izindawo eziguquguqukayo, ezifakiwe futhi ezilandiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo nezinsiza. Futhi ngisho nolwazi mayelana namaphutha. Emisebenzini engasebenzi esebenzayo, ungathola izingxenye eziningi zezinketho zesiphequluli - konke okuphathelene ne-intanethi noma efakwe izingxenye zeHhovisi. Ngokuvamile, njengoba besho, kunolwazi olwanele. Kodwa abantu abambalwa bayazi ukuthi esimweni salo hlelo ungabuka imingcele yamasekhondi ekhompuyutha akude noma ulondoloze ulwazi mayelana nesistimu efayeleni elilodwa lombhalo nesandiso. Nfo (lolu hlelo lungasebenza ngefomethi ye-.cab noma i-.xml).

Izinsizakalo zenkampani yesithathu yokubuka ulwazi lwesistimu

Phakathi kwezinsizakalo zenkampani yangaphandle ungakwazi ukubona izinhlelo ezithandwayo kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-PC Wizard evela ku-CPUID kanjiniyela, ojwayele abaningi kubasebenzisi be-CPU-Z, noma izinhlelo ezincane ezifana ne-SIW, System Spec, FreeSysInfo, njll.

Ngokuvamile banemisebenzi ethakazelisayo ehlobene nokusetha noma ukuhlola imishini, okwenza ukuba bathande kakhulu emkhakheni wabo.

Isiphetho

Ngokuvamile, kungaphawulwa ukuthi ulwazi mayelana nesistimu kubasebenzisi abaningi emsebenzini ngeke luzuze ngokukhethekile. Kodwa kubaqondisi besistimu, abathuthukisi besofthiwe ehambisanayo noma nje kuphela ochwepheshe abahlanganyela emhlanganweni wamandla noma ukulungisa, idatha enjalo iyoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Nakuba abanye abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa futhi. Yisho, esimweni lapho ufuna ukususa ngesandla umshayeli, futhi ukusebenzisa akukwazi ukuthi ungayibheka kuphi.