Ulimi Basic kusho ngolimi Russian. Ulimi kusho: yencazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa

isiRashiya - omunye ecebile kakhulu, amahle eziyinkimbinkimbi. Not Okungenani ngakho-ke yenza ukuba khona inani elikhulu izindlela ngamazwi yokukhuluma.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola lokho ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza nokuthi yini zinhlobo kuba. Cabanga ngezibonelo besebenzisa izincwadi zolimi futhi yokukhuluma yemihla ngemihla.

Ulimi kusho ngolimi Russian - kuyini?

izindlela Verbal yokukhuluma elisetshenziswa isiRashiya ukwenza umbhalo ekhethekile incazelo, ubuhle kanye nokujula. Asiza lokuveza isimo sengqondo komlobi isihloko mpikiswano, ukuziqhakambisa izici ekhululekile kakhulu into, umcimbi noma mkhuba.

izinkondlo Russian nezincwadi ungeke ucabange, uma Sizibeka eceleni ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo namalimi wemiphakathi. Ukusebenzisa amagama, okwenza umbhalo ekhululekile, hhayi kuphela ukuhlobisa it, kodwa kubonisa nendlela ezingeni wekhono yomlobi, bakhe isiko inkulumo, isitayela.

Incazelo izinto zangamalanga kungaba mnandi futhi engavamile, isebenzisa ulimi yobuciko izindlela.

Amagama namazwi ngiveze umbhalo evamile zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu: ifonotiki, lucebe (bona belandelela) kanye nezibalo yesitayela.

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, lokho ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza, jwayelana nabo eduze.

izindlela lucebe yokukhuluma

Imikhondo - ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza ngolimi Russian, esetshenziselwa ngumlobi ngendlela engokomfanekiso, incazelo engokomfanekiso. Kabanzi zobuciko.

Imikhondo asetshenziselwa ukwakha ezibukwayo, sokuzwa, izithombe olfactory. Siza kwenza umoya othile, ukwenza umfundi nomphumela ofiselekayo.

Ngesisekelo izindlela lucebe okukhuluma makhulu ukuqhathanisa sobala noma okucacile. Singasho esekelwe zifana, ukuzihlanganisa siqu umbhali noma isifiso ukuchaza into ngendlela ethile.

ulimi Main kusho: emizileni

Ezindleleni sihlangana namanje esikoleni. Khumbula labo ezivamile:

1. Epithet - ezindleleni edume kakhulu futhi evamile. Ngokuvamile ezitholakala izinkondlo. Epithet - kuyinto ezimibalabala, definition bayaxoxa, ogxile ukuqhathanisa ezifihliwe. Ugcizelela ikakhulukazi kuchazwe into, izici zalo ekhululekile kakhulu. Izibonelo: "entathakusa kamnandi", "uhlamvu engasindi", "izandla osemqoka", "izwi esiliva".
2. Ukuqhathanisa - igama noma ibinzana, ogxile ngokuqhathanisa Thobelanani. Wenziwe ikakhulukazi ngesimo inzuzo yokuqhathanisa. Funda kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa isici yaleli su Izinyunyana: uma, sengathi, ezifana nokuthi lokho. Cabangela ezinye izibonelo: "esobala, njengamazolo", "mhlophe njengeqhwa", "ngqo like emhlangeni."
3. Isingathekiso - indlela yokukhuluma, ogxile ukuqhathanisa ezifihliwe. Kodwa, ngokungafani imali ukuqhathanisa, it is hhayi ngokusemthethweni izinyunyana. Isingathekiso yakhiwe sithembele ukufana kwamazwi izinkulumo izinto ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo: ". Esibhakabhakeni izinyembezi" "anyanisi amasonto", "sikhonona utshani",
4. Synonyms - amazwi kunencazelo efanayo kodwa kona ezihlukahlukayo ngokubhala. Ngaphandle omqondofana classical, kukhona zesimo. Bathatha inani elithile ngaphakathi yombhalo othile. Thina sibheke izibonelo: "ukweqa - jumping", "ukubukeka - ukubona".
5. Bomcondvophika - amagama abe okuphambene kwamanye inani ngalinye. Kanye omqondofana, kukhona zesimo. Isibonelo: "white - black", "ngokukhamuluka - ngekuhleba", "ukuthula kwengqondo - injabulo."
6. Ukuzenza ongeyena - ukudluliswa into engaphili izingxenye, izici vusa. Ngokwesibonelo: "willow Amahlumela wazamazama," "ilanga uyamamatheka ngokukhazimulayo", "imvula yashaya ngamandla ophahleni", "twittered umsakazo ekhishini".

Zikhona nezinye izindlela?

izindlela lucebe yokukhuluma ngolimi Russian kakhulu. Ngaphezu iqembu ajwayelekile kubo bonke abantu, bese kuba khona labo ukuthi kungukuthi abaningi abawazi, kodwa futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi:

1. Tiga tenkhulumo - kwakuhilela ukwamukela izwi elinye nge efanayo noma ukubaluleka efanayo. Thina sibheke izibonelo: "Sawubona, ibhantshi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (isikhalazo ngayo kumuntu jacket okwesibhakabhaka)," "lonke ikilasi kuqhathaniswa (okusho bonke abafundi bebanga)".
2. Synecdoche - ziqhathaniswa ingxenye ukudluliselwa ku lonke, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Isibonelo: "ungase uzwe engumFulentshi nokwesasa (umlobi ukhuluma yebutho French)," "isinambuzane zafinyelela," "emhlambini waba engamakhulu amakhanda."
3. Allegory - ukuqhathanisa ekhululekile imibono noma imiqondo nokusetshenziswa isithombe kwezobuciko. Kuvamile kakhulu inganekwane, izinganekwane kanye ngemifanekiso. Ngokwesibonelo, impungushe lifanekisela unogwaja ngobuqili - impisi ngobugwala - intukuthelo.
4. Ihaba - ihaba ngamabomu. It ukhonza ukwenza umbhalo bazwakale. It ekhonze ku ethile kuncike, abantu noma mkhuba. Jwayelana izibonelo "amazwi uyachitha nethemba," 'yesenzo sakhe - ophakeme okubi "," wayengumuntu izikhathi amane ngaphezulu enhle ".
5. Litotes - a kweswela olukhethekile amaqiniso angempela. Ngokwesibonelo: "Wayezacile mhlanga", "akabange esaba khona ngaphezu imfimbolo."
6. Phindza uhlele kabusha - esikhundleni samazwi, izinkulumo inhlanganisela eyodwa. Isetshenziselwa ukugwema ezinikezwa lucebe ngemisho eyodwa noma angomakhelwane. Isibonelo: "impungushe - ngobuqili elinamandla", "umbhalo - brainchild lombhali."

sitayela izibalo

Kwesitayela izibalo - Ulimi izindlela ngolimi Russian, anikeza inkulumo a asinazo izithombe imiva ezithile. Alter inani layo ngokomzwelo.

Izifenqo kabanzi izinkondlo namaprozi kusukela esikhathini izimbongi lasendulo. Nokho, incazelo lamanje futhi ephelelwe yisikhathi eside ziyahlukahluka.

Ngo lasendulo Greece babekholelwa ukuthi wesitayela izibalo - ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza ulimi, okusenzeka injalo kuhluke kakhulu kusuka enkulumweni yansuku zonke. Manje kunenkolelo ukuthi isifenqo - iyingxenye ebalulekile ulimi olukhulunywa.

Yiziphi wesitayela izibalo?

Isitayela inikeza okuningi izimali siqu:

1. eziphindaphindiwe lucebe (anaphora, epiphora, ngokuhlanganyela esiyinhlanganisela) - amathuluzi ulimi olucacile ezihlanganisa ngokuphinda iyiphi ingxenye umusho ekuqaleni, ekupheleni, noma at kwalapho nge olandelayo. Ngokwesibonelo: "Kwakuyisikhathi umsindo enhle. Kwakuwusuku izwi engcono Ngalalela eminyakeni yamuva. "
2. Upholavuthondaba - iziphakamiso eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zisekelwe ukuphikiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga umusho: "Uthuli eked out - nasezulwini Vita".
3. Ukushiyana kwezidalwa - usebenzisa omqondofana umusho ngokufanele ngezinga of ukwanda noma lantambama isici. Isibonelo: "Sparkles kwi isihlahla sikaKhisimusi ukukhanya, sasikhazimula, sasikhazimula."
4. Oxymoron - iinthombe amazwi inkulumo iyaphikisana linencazelo, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngendlela kuqamba. Isibonelo yesiteleka kakhulu futhi owaziwa kwalesi sibalo wesitayela - "Imiphefumulo Dead".
5. Kombhala - ushintsha oda welungiselelo zasendulo wemagama emshweni. Ngokwesibonelo, hhayi "yayibaswa," futhi "wagijima ke."
6. Parceling - ukwehlukana kunencazelo elilodwa isigwebo ibe izingxenye eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo: "Ngokuphambene nalokho, uNikolai. Ufuna ngaphandle eshaywa. "
7. Polysyndeton - ukusetshenziswa Izinyunyana ukuxhumana izingxenye eyohlobo kwemusho. Isetshenziselwa izwi ekhululekile kakhulu. Isibonelo: "Kwakuwusuku ongaziwa futhi emangalisayo enhle, futhi engaqondakali."
8. Asyndeton - zokuxhumana imigomo eyohlobo kwemusho wenziwa ngaphandle izinyunyana. Ngokwesibonelo: "Yena baphuthuma, yamemeza yathi: okhalayo, nokugquma."

izindlela Ifonetiki yokukhuluma

izindlela Ifonetiki yokukhuluma - iqembu kulencane. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuphindaphindwa imisindo ethile ukuze udale izithombe amahle kwezobuciko.

Ngokuvamile, le ndlela isetshenziswa izinkondlo. Abalobi esetshenziswa umsindo replay, lapho ufuna ukudlulisela ukuduma umsindo, sengiprofethile amahlamvu noma ezinye izenzakalo zemvelo.

Futhi, amathuluzi ifonotiki ukusiza ukunikeza izinkondlo uhlamvu oluthile. Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa inhlanganisela ezithile umsindo umbhalo zingenziwa ezibophayo kakhulu, noma okuphambene nalokho - esithambile.

Ngayiphi indlela ifonotiki kuthiwa zikhona?

1. Sifanamsindvo - ukuphindaphinda embhalweni ongwaqa esifanayo, kudala isithombe kudingekile lembhali. Ngokwesibonelo: "Mina iphupho wabanjwa kokushiya izithunzi, kusale emthunzini usuku yokuqothulwa."
2. Sifanankhamisa - ukuphindaphinda unkamisa othile umsindo ukudala acacile image kwezobuciko. Ngokwesibonelo: "Mina azulazule emigwaqweni lo elikhulukazi, faka isikhali kuphela ethempelini ophithizelayo."
3. Onomatopoeic - isicelo ifonotiki inhlanganisela awuchaza ethize umsindo umphumela: izinselo, amaza omsindo, amahlamvu sengiprofethile.

Sebenzisa inkulumo kusho imiva

Ulimi kusho ngolimi Russian isetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi uqhubeke lisetshenziswe imisebenzi ebhaliwe, kungaba temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba noma izinkondlo.

umyalo Excellent lezinombolo wesitayela khombisa abalobi-Golden Age. Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa ngobuciko we imiva emisebenzini yabo kukhona egqamile, engokomfanekiso, uyabukeka indlebe. Akumangalisi abhekwa gugu lesizwe yeRussia.

Nge izindlela ngokolimi esibhekana nazo hhayi kuphela ezincwadini, kodwa futhi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Cishe wonke umuntu lisebenzisa inkulumo izifaniso yakhe, tifanisongco, epithets. Engazi, senza ulimi amahle ocebile.