Ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology. Imiphumela ukwelashwa ngemisebe

ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology - indlela ekwelapheni izifo isimila ne ionizing emisebeni. Imiphumela ezincane zayo okuningi kwezinzuzo kuletha ukulwa yesimila. Lolu hlobo lwe-therapy isetshenziswa ukwelapha kwesigamu zabasiza abathile abanomdlavuza.

ukwelashwa ngemisebe (radiotherapy) kusho indlela yokwelashwa, lapho emisebeni ionized sisetshenziswa ekusakazeni. Kungaba gamma rays, beta imisebe noma X-ray. Lezi zinhlobo imisebe bayakwazi ngenkuthalo ukuthonya amangqamuzana omdlavuza, okuholela ukuphazamiseka isakhiwo sabo, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo futhi, ekugcineni, ukufa. Nakuba umthelela ionizing emisebeni kuyingozi amaseli enempilo, ezifweni zabo emisebeni eyingozi kuba sezingeni kancane, okuvumela ukuba basinde ngaphakathi spite of ukuchayeka. Ngo Oncology, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kubathinta kabi ukunwetshwa isimila izinqubo kanye sivimbela ukukhula izimila ebulalayo. Oncology emva ukwelashwa ngemisebe isiba ngaphansi yenkinga kusukela ngcono isiguli ebonwe Ezimweni eziningi.

Kanye ukuhlinzwa, ngelashwa nangemithi, welashwa ngemisebe kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sifinyelele babuyele ngokugcwele iziguli. Nakuba ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa kunguye yedwa ukwelashwa indlela, ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ndawonye nezinye izindlela emzabalazweni nomdlavuza. ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology (impendulo iziguli ngokuvamile positive) kwaba namuhla umuntu impilo isiqondiso.

Izinhlobo ukwelashwa ngemisebe

yokwelapha Remote - uhlobo ukwelashwa lapho umthombo emisebeni engaphandle umzimba wesiguli, buqamama. teletherapy kwandulelwe kungaba kwikhompyutha tomography, onikeza ithuba ukuze enze izinhlelo ngakuthathu ezilingisa ukusebenza, okuvumela umsebenzi eqondile okwengeziwe imisebe ethintekile izicubu lwesimila.

Brachytherapy - indlela ukwelashwa ngemisebe lapho umthombo emisebeni itholakala endaweni ngokushesha yesimila noma ezicutshini zayo. Phakathi izinzuzo le ndlela kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuncipha imiphumela emibi emisebeni ku inyama ephilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkathi acupressure kungenzeka ukwandisa umthamo ngemisebe.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, umthamo edingekayo njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye kubalwa futhi kuhlelwe belungiselela ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

side effects

ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology, imiphumela okuyinto umuntu uzizwa eside, namanje ukwazi ukulondoloza impilo.

impendulo yawo wonke umuntu ukuba ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukhuluma nemuntfu lophilako. Ngakho-ke, yonke imiphumela emibi ukuthi kungenzeka, kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela. Sibala izimpawu ezivamile:

• Iphango ukulahlekelwa. Iningi iziguli ukukhononda imnyama. Kuyadingeka ukuba ukudla okuncane, kodwa ngokuvamile. Nutrition ngokungabi bikho esesuthi zibe khona kungaxoxwa ngazo nodokotela wakho. Umzimba odlulayo radiotherapy, kudinga amandla kanye nezakhi.
• Isicanucanu. Esinye sezizathu esiyinhloko ukwehla ukudla - isicanucanu. Ngokuvamile, lokhu uphawu zingatholakala ezigulini avume ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni besisu. Ungase wamukele nokuhlanza. On isimo kumele ngokushesha aziswe ngudokotela. Mhlawumbe isiguli kuzodinga ukuqashwa kukaNksz antiemetics.
• Isifo sohudo. Isifo sohudo kaningi kwenzeka ngenxa yokwelapha by radiotherapy. Uma uhudo ziphele kakhulu ngendlela uketshezi kungenzeka ukuvimbela amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu uphawu kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho.
• Ubuthakathaka. Phakathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe, iziguli kakhulu ziyancipha umsebenzi wabo, uhlangabezana nokunganaki futhi impilo yakhe ayiyinhle. Nge isimo ezibhekene cishe zonke iziguli abaye zabhekana ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Ikakhulukazi nzima kukhona iziguli ukuvakashelwa esibhedlela, okuyinto ngezikhathi udinga ukwenza. Le nkathi yesikhathi akufanele kuhlelwe ukwenza, usithathela amandla ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, kufanele ashiye linanikhulu lesikhatsi ukuphumula.
• Izinkinga zesikhumba. Ngemva ngemva kwamasonto 1-2 kokuqala isikhumba radiotherapy, babekhona kule ndawo njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye, uqala redden kanye ikhasi. Ngezinye izikhathi iziguli esekhala ukulunywa futhi ubuhlungu. Kulokhu, kufanele usebenzise lamafutha (by radiologist izincomo) fafaza "Panthenol" okhilimu kanye lotions for ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba zezingane, ukuyeka izimonyo. Hlikihla isikhumba wacasuka akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ingxenye yomzimba lapho isikhumba ukucasuka iphutha, kodwa kudingeka sihlanzwe ngamanzi abandayo, walahla okwesikhashana zokugeza kokuthola. Kuyadingeka ukuba sixoshe isikhumba emiphumeleni elangeni futhi egqoke izingubo ngendwangu engokwemvelo. Lezi zenzo kuzosiza ukususa isikhumba futhi banciphise ubuhlungu.

Encishisiwe side effects

Ngemva inkambo udokotela radiotherapy uyonika izincomo ukuthi baziphathe kanjani ekhaya, kucatshangelwa izici umcimbi wakho ukuze sinciphise imiphumela emibi.

Noma ubani owazi ukuthi ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology, imiphumela yalo msebenzi omkhulu ukuphathwa kuhle futhi ngokwami. Labo iziguli selashwe ukwelashwa ngemisebe izifo isimila kufanele ihambisane izincomo likadokotela, iqhaza eyinhloko yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokuzama ukuthuthukisa impilo yazo.

izincomo Key:

• Acitse sikhatsi lesinyenti emsebentini nokuphumula nokulala. Ukwelashwa kudinga amandla amaningi extra, futhi ungakwazi ngokushesha niphele. Buthaka jikelele ngezinye izikhathi ihlala kwenye amasonto 4-6 emva kokwelashwa iphelile.
• Yidla ngendlela efanele, uzama ukuvimbela kwesisindo.
• Musa ukugqoka izingubo waqiniswa ezinjengenyanga Friend noma amabhande ezindaweni wawuchayeke emisebeni. Kungcono ukuba bakhetha amasudi ubudala, lapho uzizwa ukhululekile.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uyamazisa udokotela wakho mayelana zonke imithi uthatha, ngakho kungathatha lokhu ku-akhawunti ekwelapheni.

radiotherapy

Isiqondiso eyinhloko ukwelashwa ngemisebe iwukuba ukukhulisa amandla ku isimila ekwakhekeni, kancane ezithinta kwezinye izicubu. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, udinga udokotela ukucacisa kahle lapho inqubo isimila, esiqondisweni nokujula ugongolo ukulandela umgomo walo. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi i-ngemisebe ensimini. Lapho ngemisebe senziwa akude, ilebula lisetshenzisiwe isikhumba elimelela endaweni njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye. Zonke endaweni angomakhelwane kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba zivikelwe izikrini ngomthofu. Iseshini ngesikhathi lapho ngemisebe senziwa, uyaqhubeka imizuzu eminingana, futhi nenombolo lesitigamu kuyinto emisebeni uzimisele umthamo, nakho kuncike uhlobo isimila nendlala okuthiwa i uhlobo isimila cells. Esimisweni, isiguli bengahlushwa ukungakhululeki. Ngesikhathi inqubo yokwamukela, isiguli ekamelweni kuphela. Udokotela ihlola inqubekelaphambili inqubo nge window ekhethekile noma nge ikhamera yevidiyo, kuyilapho ekamelweni olandelayo.

Ngokuhambisana imibono neoplasm noma ngemisebe ukwelashwa isetshenziswa njengenhlangano indlela ezimele ukwelashwa, noma iyingxenye yokwelapha elihlangene ne ukuhlinzwa noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. ukwelashwa ngemisebe isetshenziswa endaweni ngenjongo yokuchayeka ngabanye kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Ngokuvamile, kukhuthaza ukunciphisa wawubona ngobukhulu isimila noma kuholela ikhambi eliphelele.

isikhathi

Isikhathi lapho Yiqiniso ibalwa ka ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kunqunywa isifo ethize, ngemithamo nokuchayeka indlela esetshenziswa. ukwelashwa Gamma kuvamise ukuthatha amasonto angu-6-8. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi isiguli isikhathi ukuthatha izinqubo 30-40. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa ngemisebe akudingi amakamelo nesineke esibhedlela futhi kwamukeleka kahle. Ezinye izinkomba zidinga ukwelashwa ngemisebe esibhedlela.

Ubude sokwelashwa umthamo ngemisebe encike ngqo kwi uhlobo isifo nezinga inqubo ngokunganaki. Isikhathi ukwelashwa nge ngemisebe intracavitary ihlala kakhulu kancane. It kungaba kuqukathe izinqubo ezimbalwa futhi kuyaqabukela ihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka ezine.

izinkomba

ukwelashwa ngemisebe isetshenziswa Oncology ekwelapheni izimila iyiphi omsakazo.

Phakathi kwabo:

• umdlavuza ubuchopho;
• umdlavuza webele;
• umdlavuza wesibeletho;
• umdlavuza laryngeal;
• umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
• umdlavuza pancreatic;
• umdlavuza wendlala;
• umdlavuza yomgogodla;
• umdlavuza wesikhumba;
• elithambile izicubu Sarcoma;
• umdlavuza isisu.

Ngemisebe isetshenziswa ekwelapheni lymphoma futhi wegazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungaba kwenziwe ngezinhloso zokuvimbela ngaphandle ubufakazi umdlavuza. Le nqubo isetshenziswa ukuvimbela emdlavuzeni.

ukuchayeka umthamo

Kushisa bhé kule ndawo umthamo libizwa ngevolumu ionizing emisebeni amuncwa ezicutshini zomzimba. Ngaphambili, yokukala of umthamo ngemisebe wakhonza uyajabula. Manje le njongo kuba elimpunga. 1 Grey kulingana 100 uRadama.

A ezihlukahlukene izindwangu bavame ukumelana ngemithamo ehlukene yokukhishwa kwemisebe. Ngakho, kwesibindi ongamelana cishe kabili emisebeni ezingaphezu kuka nezinso. Uma umthamo Imininingwane ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye kanye irradiate isitho abathintekayo, usuku nosuku, lokhu kuzokwenza ukwandisa umonakalo amaseli umdlavuza nokwehlisa inyama ephilile.

ukuhlela ukwelashwa

Isazi somdlavuza Modern wazi konke ngezimvu radiotherapy in Oncology.

Ngezinye arsenal likadokotela, kunezinhlobo eziningi ngemisebe ngemisebe izindlela. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa ezazihlelwe kahle kuyisihluthulelo yokutakula.

Ngo zangaphandle yokwelapha ugongolo ngemisebe, le oncologist ukuthola ngemisebe ensimini osebenza sekulingisa. Phakathi sekulingisa, isiguli etafuleni, futhi udokotela enquma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ngemisebe nezimbobo. Phakathi sekulingisa futhi angase enze CT noma enye indlela zokuxilonga ukunquma isiqondiso ngemisebe.

ukuchayeka esishintshashintshayo ibhalwe eneshadi ekhethekile ibonisa inkomba yokukhishwa kwemisebe.

Ngokuhambisana uhlobo ukwelashwa ngemisebe abakhethiwe, isiguli ungakwazi ukujabulela besokunxele ekhethekile ukusiza ukuvikela izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, ekuqedeni ukunyakaza kwabo ngesikhathi ukudlula inqubo. Ngezinye izikhathi usebenzise izihlungi ekhethekile ukusiza ukuvikela nezicubu eziseduze.

Ngokuhambisana umphumela sekulingisa ongoti abasebenza ukwelashwa ngemisebe, Uyonquma kudingekile umthamo ngemisebe, ukulethwa indlela, futhi nenombolo lesitigamu.

ukudla

Izeluleko umsoco kuzosiza ukugwema imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa noma ukunciphisa ngobubi bawo. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye ukhalo nesisu. Ngemisebe Oncology ngesikhathi Ukudla benezingane eziningi izici.

Kuyadingeka ukuba siphuza neziphuzo kakhudlwana, kufika ku-12 izibuko ngosuku. Uma ketshezi okusezingeni eliphezulu lokucuketfwe ushukela, kufanele buhlanjululwe ngamanzi.

Ukudla wamaqhuzu, izikhathi 5-6 ngosuku ngemithamo emincane. Ukudla kufanele yamukeleke kalula: ukubekela eceleni okune fiber ongahluziwe, lactose namafutha. Lokho kudla kuyinto efiselekayo ukugcina omunye amaviki 2 emva kokwelashwa. Khona-ke ungakwazi kancane kancane ukwethula ukudla fibre: irayisi, ubhanana, apple juice, puree.

nokuvuselelwa

Ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngemisebe ihlasela abesilisa umdlavuza namaseli enempilo. Ikakhulukazi kuyingozi kumaseli ezihlukanisa ngokushesha (ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, isikhumba, umnkantsha). I ngemisebe edonsa radicals khulula emzimbeni ezingalimaza emzimbeni.

Sisebenza ukuthola indlela yokwenza sextant ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphezulu ukuthi izenzo kuphela isimila cells. Ukufakwa gamma ummese, esebenza ukwelapha izimila entanyeni ekhanda. Inikeza umthelela eqondile kakhulu ngobukhulu encane yesimila.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, cishe bonke abamemukelayo ukwelashwa ngemisebe, ntshashintshe sigula ngemisebe. Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, anaemia - izimpawu ezifana yalokho yokwelapha izimbangela emisebeni in Oncology. Ngelashwa iziguli emva amaseshini emisebeni ziyinkinga enkulu.

Ukuze kulungiswe iziguli zidinga ukuphumula, ubuthongo, umoya ohlanzekile, okunomsoco, ukusetshenziswa evuselela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini kusho.

Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zempilo, okuyinto elakhiwe izinhlungu zokugula okungathí sina, kanye nokwelashwa kwakhe ezinzima, iziguli acindezeleke. Ukwakheka nemisebenzi nokuvuselelwa kaningi ziyadingeka ukuze ufake imihlangano nge kadokotela wezengqondo. Zonke lezi zinyathelo kuyosisiza ukuba nginqobe ubunzima ezibangwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe in Oncology. Izibuyekezo iziguli emva inkambo izinqubo, ukukhuluma ngezinzuzo undoubted inqubo naphezu kwemiphumela engemihle.