Ukwahlukanisa amanethiwekhi computer

Lapho isintu zadalwa computer, kwakudinga ukudalwa indlela entsha inhlangano amasistimu, ukucubungula idatha, kanye ukudalwa ubuchwepheshe obusha emkhakheni wesitoreji, ukudluliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kolwazi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kwakunesidingo ukuhambisa ekusetshenzisweni ngazinye amakhompyutha, wokusebenza, ukucubungula idatha eyodwa kumasistimu uyakwazi kucutshungulwa ukusatshalaliswa idatha.

Okusatshalalisiwe ngokucubungula idatha gama -information processing ukuthi wenziwa amakhompyutha ezimele kodwa oxhumene ehlanganisa uhlelo basakaza.

Inethiwekhi ikhompyutha iqoqo amakhompyutha ukuthi oxhumene by zokuxhumana link, okuvumela ukwakha uhlelo olulodwa ngokugcwele izidingo the basakaza information processing imithetho. Ngakho, injongo eyinhloko amanethiwekhi computer - processing idatha joint, okuletha ndawonye zonke izingxenye uhlelo, kungakhathaliseki indawo yabo ngokomzimba.

Ukwahlukanisa amanethiwekhi lekhompyutha ludinga ukuzihlukanisa kwabo ku izinhlobo zokuxhumana computer, kuye ngokuthi indawo amakhompyutha kanye nezinye izingxenye isihlobo komunye nomunye. Ngakho, ngezigaba amanethiwekhi computer kuhilela division yabo ku:

Global - a amanethiwekhi Computing ababhalisile ngubani zitholakala ngandawonye - emakhulwini ukuze amashumi ezinkulungwane amakhilomitha. Lezi amanethiwekhi ukunikeza ithuba ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuhlanganisa izinsiza Imininingwane waso sonke isintu, futhi uhlele ukufinyelela ngokushesha kulezi;

Regional - inethiwekhi Computing yokuxhuma ababhalisile ukuthi zitholakala kwi ngaphansana le amanethiwekhi ububanzi-ndawo, kodwa namanje amabanga amade uma liya. Isibonelo inethiwekhi lesifunda singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela inethiwekhi edolobheni elikhulu noma isimo esihlukile.

Local - a inethiwekhi Computing, ekuhlanganiseni ababhalisile ngubani zitholakala kude esifushane komunye nomunye - ngokuvamile e isakhiwo esifanayo noma kwezakhiwo ezimbalwa eduze zishiyane. Lena inethiwekhi izinkampani, amahhovisi, izinkampani, amafemu, njll

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukwahlukaniswa amanethiwekhi computer kusikisela ukuthi amanethiwekhi global, zezifunda kanye lendawo zingahlanganiswa, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukwakha isigaba sabaphathi multihomed ukuthi iyithuluzi elinamandla, okuvumela ukucubungula omkhulu Imininingwane afanayo futhi ukunikeza ukufinyelela cishe okungenamkhawulo Imininingwane imithombo.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, Ukwahlukaniswa amanethiwekhi computer, futhi ngokunembile, ngokuqonda yayo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwakha nje isimiso esinjalo ezokwenza ukwanelisa izidingo ibhizinisi, ihhovisi, idolobha noma ulwazi isimo. Ngokuvamile, amanethiwekhi computer aqukethe subsystems ezintathu izidleke: inethiwekhi workstations, amaseva zenethiwekhi kanye isizinda kuhleloxhumano lwedatha.

Workstation (kungenzeka emelelwa umshini iklayenti, a sokusebenza, isiteshi zokubhalisa, lingasetshenziswa esigungwini) ibizwa ngokuthi i-computer, okuyisona phezu obhalisile inethiwekhi yekhompyutha. Inethiwekhi iqoqo workstations workstations, kanye zokuxhumana izindlela, okuyinto zenzelwe ukunikeza ukuxhumana phakathi workstation neseva.

Iseva ngokuthi kukhompyutha wenza ezivamile imisebenzi inethiwekhi futhi inikeza iziteshi umsebenzi izinkonzo ezithile. iseva inethiwekhi iqoqo amaseva kunethiwekhi, kanye zokuxhumana izindawo esiklanyelwe iseva ukuxhumeka kunethiwekhi core.

Umnyombo inethiwekhi idatha kuyinto isethi zokuxhumana ngolwazi phakathi amaseva. Kumila kuhlanganisa iziteshi kwenethiwekhi nezokuxhumana izikhungo. I-node zokuxhumana kuyinto iqoqo ukushintsha izindlela, futhi ngokudlulisa ulwazi, bagxila iphuzu elilodwa. Injongo zokuxhumana Phiko nokwamukela idatha efika nge imigudu yokuxhumana, futhi udlulise nabo ku iziteshi, okuyinto eziholela ababhalisile.