Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje. Umdwebo weshaya wezinguquko zamanje

Ama-Transformers amadivaysi kagesi. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuguqulwa kwamanje ngokuqondile. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokufakwa kwe-electromagnetic. Kuze kube manje, amandla nokuguqula amapulisi bahlukaniswa.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zokuhlukanisa. Izibalo, nazo, zihlukaniswe zibe yisigaba esisodwa, isigaba sesigaba sesithathu nesithathu. Uhlobo, amandla kanye nohlobo lwemitha kuzothinta ngqo ukuxhumeka kwe-transformer.

Ukuxhumeka kumamitha-isigaba esisodwa

Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje kumamitha-isigaba esisodwa kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngokudlulisa. Kulokhu, ipharamitha yokucindezeleka idlala indima ebalulekile. Uma sicabangela i-transformer ye-220/220 V impulse, ixhunywe besebenzisa i-transistor ye-borrow. I-adaptha izodinga ukuxhumana okulodwa.

Ukuze unciphise imvamisa, kusetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhono. Kuze kube manje, okuvame kakhulu yizibonelo ezinamandla. Noma kunjalo, amadivaysi e-analog nawo anelungelo lokuba khona. Ukuxhumeka okuqondile kwe-converter kwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlola ukumelana okungalungile kuma-transistors.

Indlela yokuxhuma kwi-counter-phase counter?

Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje kuya kumamitha amabili wesigaba kuvame ukuqhutshwa nge-latistinal transistor. Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokunciphisa amamodeli ku-220 V, bangakwazi ukuxhunyaniswa kuphela ngama-capacitors anepharamitha enkulu yokuqhuba. Ama-Transceivers kuma-circuits asetshenziswe kaningi. Ngokuphazanyiswa kwamagesi, bahluleka ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-transistor ayinaso ukulayisha ngokweqile okukhulu, kusetshenziselwa ukuqiniswa. Abaguqula ukuxhuma bangatholakala ngokuyinhloko kuhlobo lwe-analog. I-parameter yokumelana embi kuleli cala akumele idlule ama-oh oh 60.

Ukuxhumeka kumamitha amathathu wesigaba

Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje kulolu hlobo lwamamitha ngokuyinhloko nge-transistor ephathekayo. Ezitolo, zihanjiswa ngezimiso zokuziphatha ezihlukile. Uma sicabangela umshini wokuguquguquka wamathuluzi wamathuluzi amathathu , manje kulesi simo kunengqondo ukufaka ngokushesha umxhumanisi oxhumana nabo ababili.

Ukuze kungabangela ukwehluleka kwesifunda, ama-high-capacitance capacitors asetshenziswa. Ukuxhuma okuqondile kumitha kwenziwa nge-throttle.

Isiteshi se-transistor esivamile

Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje nge-transistor eqondile kungenziwa kuphela lapho kusetshenziselwa ukuhambisa. Kulesi simo, ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuxhuma akuhambisani ngokukhethekile. Kungcono kakhulu ukukhetha i-adapter amabili-pin ngqo. Kulesi simo, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukufaka inverter. Kufanele itholakale ngemuva kwe-transistor. Noma kunjalo, ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukuphikisana okungalungile esifundeni kuhlolwe. Ipharamitha lama-ohms angu-55 ithathwa njengokujwayelekile. Ukudlulela kukhombisa ukuthi i-converter isethwe ekumeni okuphansi.

Ukuxhuma i-transformer ngokusebenzisa i-transistor yokusebenza

Ukuxhumeka nge-transistor yokusebenza kungenziwa kuphela kumamitha-isigaba esisodwa. Izimpawu ze-transformer kule ndaba azidlala indima ekhethekile. Inkinga ngezinye izikhathi ikhona ekukhuliseni imvamisa ye-converter. Ama-Condensers wesifunda asetshenziselwa kuphela uhlobo oluvulekile. Ukuqhuba kufanele kube okungenani ama-microns ayi-6.

Qaphela futhi ipharamitha yokumelana kabi. Uma lidlula i-50 Ohm, khona-ke ingozi yokuguqulwa komguquli iphezulu. Kulesi simo, inkinobho iyafaneleka ngisho nangamaphini amabili.

I-Scheme ene-conductor relay

Ukuxhumeka nge-wire relay kulula kakhulu. Izimpawu ze-transformer kule ndaba azidlala indima ekhethekile. Kulokhu, i-adapter ngeke idingeke. I-Condensers ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukubeka uhlobo lwe-analog. I-converter nayo idinga ukuguqula okuphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkinga ezinamavolumu aphansi azivamile. Ngaphambi kokubeka ikhanda, hlola ukuphikiswa okungalungile ku-transformer. Ipharamitha ecacisiwe kumele ibe ngaphansi kuka-60 ohms. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-capacitor ayikwazi ukuma.

Ukuxhumeka nge-transceiver

Ngosizo lwe-transceiver, uxhumano lwamamitha ngezinguquko zanamuhla lwenziwa ngamathuthukisi angapheli. Uma sicabanga nge-transformer transformer, khona-ke i-transistor izodinga i-analog eyodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kushintshwe ukuxhumana okukodwa. Kulesi simo, ukuqhutshwa kwamanje kufanele kube sezingeni elingu-5 microns. Uma sikhuluma ngokuhlukanisa abaguquguquli, khona-ke izibalo zifanele kuphela ngezigaba ezilodwa. Ipharamitha lemvamisa yokukhawulela esifundeni, njengombuso, ayidluli ku-6 Hz. Abaguquli kumamodeli bavame ukufaka ukumelana okuphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphazamiseka kwe-transformer akuvamile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho mthwalo osindayo ku-adaptha.

Futhi ngokwehlukana ucabange ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko ezisezingeni eliphansi. Bangabaseklasini yamadivayisi aphezulu. Kulesi simo, ipharamitha yendiza yokusebenza esifundeni ingafinyelela ku-80 Hz. Ukubhekana nalo, i-converter kumele ifakwe oxhumana naye oyedwa. Abashintshayo kuleli cala bavame kakhulu. Uma sikhuluma ngokuguqulwa kwe-V V, ngakho-ke ukufaka isitebhisi encane kufakwe phambi kwemitha. Ukwandisa ukuhanjiswa kwamanje, kuzokwazi ukuhambisana kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-thyristors engasiza

Ngosizo lwe-thyristors elisizayo, uxhumano lwamamitha ngezinguquko zamanje lwenziwa kuphela uma usebenzisa abaguquli bohlobo oluxhumana nabo olulodwa. Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokuguquguquka kwe-pulse, ukuguqulwa kokuxhumana okubili kungasetshenziswa. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuvunyelwe. Ukudluliselwa kwesifunda kusetshenziselwa ngaphandle kokuqiniswa. Kulesi simo, ukuxhumeka ku-counter kuyisimo se-throttle. Kanti futhi, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukufaka ama modulators we-semiconductor ukwandisa imvamisa.

Isicelo se-zener diod unijunctioned

I-zener diodes ehlanganisiwe idume ngokukwazi ukusebenza ngokuphelele ngama-transformer yamandla. Abaguqula kulezi zinhloso bakhethwa oxhumana naye oyedwa. Uma sicabanga nge-220/220 V ehlukanisa i-transformer , khona-ke ukusimama kuleli cala kumele kufakwe eduze kwe-counter. Abalawuli bamamodeli basetshenziselwa i-analog kakhulu. Nokho, abanye bakhetha ukuguqulwa kwegagasi.

Ngomshini omkhulu we-300 V, kubhekwa njengempumelelo. Futhi banciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhluleka ku-transformer. Ukuxhumeka kumamitha wesigaba esisodwa kwenziwa nge-throttle. Kulesi simo, amavolumu angakwazi ukulwa kuphela nohlobo lwezintambo ezimbili.

Ukuxhumeka nge-comparator low-frequency

Ukuxhumeka kwezinguquko zamanje kumamitha ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa nge-comparator low-frequency comparators. Umthamo wokunciphisa amelana nabo ezingeni lika-500 V. Ngakho-ke, izinguquko zamandla zokuxhumana zilungile. Noma kunjalo, izilinganiso zokuhlaziya zingasetshenziswa futhi. Lokhu kudinga umguquli oxhumana naye oyedwa ophezulu. Ngaphandle kwe-transistor yensimbi kulokhu akunakwenzeka. Ukwandisa amandla okuguqula kungenzeka kuphela ngosizo lwesitatimende. Umshini wesifunda kufanele ube phambi komitha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-comparator high-frequency

Ngokusebenzisa ama-comparator high-frequency, ukufakwa kwama transformers wamanje kungenziwa kuphela kumamitha amathathu wesigaba. Kule nkinga, ama-transistors avunyelwe ukusebenzisa kuphela uhlobo lwama-magnetic. Ipharamitha yokuziphatha esifundeni ayidluli 7 / i. Imvamisa yokusebenza i-80 Hz ngokwesilinganiso. Ukwandisa ukuzwela, abaguqula abaxhumana nabo ababili basetshenziswa.

Ama-transistors ama-ray awavamile ukusebenzisa, ngoba abhekana nokuphazamiseka kabi kwe-electromagnetic kabi. Uma sikhuluma mayelana nabaguquguquli be-step-down, ukuxhumeka kwabo kungenzeka kuphela ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-modulator enamandla. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuxhuma, ukumelana okungalungile esifundeni kuhlolwe. Ekugcineni, akumele kudlule ama-oh oh 50.

I-Scheme ene-tetrode ejwayelekile

I-tetrodes ehlala njalo esifundeni ayivumeli umguquli ukuthi ashise, ngisho noma imvamisa ekhungayo idlula u-80 Hz. Kulesi simo, kuncike ekutheni uhlobo lwe-transformer. Uma sikhuluma ngamadivayisi amandla, khona-ke i-adaptha ingathathwa ngokuphepha ngokuxhumana okukodwa. Abaguqula ngokuvamile basebenzisa i-analogue. Ukuqhuba kwabo kufanele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-7.

Ukumelana okungalungile esifundeni akumele kudlule ama-oh oh 60. Ekhuluma ngamashintshi abaguqulwa phansi, angakwazi ukuxhunyaniswa nge-tetrode kuphela ngezibalo zezinyathelo ezilodwa. Kulesi simo, i-transistor isetshenziswe ngesibhamu. Kanti, abathungisi be-modulators bafakwe amagagasi. Umkhiqizo we-voltage parameter akumele udlule i-200 V.