Ukumangalelwa: isampula. Ukuvunywa icala ngumshushisi

Ngokwezibalo, ezingaphezu kuka-2 million izigameko zobugebengu sizibophezele minyaka yonke eRussia, futhi uphenyo wenziwa cishe yilowo nalowo kubo.

Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka uphenyo kufanele usethe zonke izimo ne ubufakazi eziqoqiwe. Emva inqubo, umphenyi kudala icala, noma isenzo.

Uyini umehluko? I icala kanye icala - amafomu amabili umphumela ofanayo. Isiphetho kudalwa umcimbi uthi ummangalelwa bengenze ubugebengu obungathi sína ngenxa uphenyo lobugebengu kukhona lo mseshi, isenzo - uma izimisele amacala amancane nezindaba imatasa nge umseshi.

Uma kuphelile uphenyo lokuqala, ifayela icala ngedokhumenti icala ethunyelwe umshushisi, onquma badlulisele izinto enkantolo.

nophenyo okungekuhle

Phakathi uphenyo lokuqala, umphenyi ebutha ubufakazi ukuze kutholwe uhlangothi ngezimo ubugebengu kanye namafomu ngenxa izinto ndawonye.

Kwenta tinhlaka we amasamanisi - akubona iziphathimandla ayaphenya. Lo mbhalo kumele aqukethe lonke ulwazi eshiwo umthetho (Article 220 Code of Criminal Procedure). Ngaphandle kwalolu lwazi, lo icala ubhekwa unformed. Uphenyo lokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle ukwephula zenqubo. Mathiriyeli lo cala, okuyinto akhiwa kule nqubo, kufanele ngokucophelela wahlola njengendlela umshushisi kanye wasemuva, kanye abamangalelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufinyelela okuqukethwe kungaba izisulu.

Ithathwe ndawonye, izinto icala lobugebengu liye - iyona imibhalo nenqubo, amafomu kanye nezidingo zazo livikeleke umthetho ngaphansi Article 474 Code of Criminal Procedure. Ukuhlolwa impahla kuphela ekupheleni uphenyo lokuqala.

Imigomo inqubo ngokubuyekeza ichazwe eSigabeni 217 kweKhodi. Kulokhu, isicelo ezinganxeshezelwa ebufakazini isicelo imithetho yenqubo ekulo. Isicelo zicatshangelwa lo mseshi, abangakwazi ukwenqaba noma ukwanelisa isicelo abantu iqhaza endabeni.

I isiqondiso izinto wathi kumshushisi

Ngemva imibhalo zenqubo kokuqala zilungele, umphenyi esayina idokhumenti icala nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi umshushisi ukuvunywa. Umshushisi yomphakathi libophezelekile ukubhekela zonke izinto kunjalo futhi kumelwe ngibahlole zingakapheli izinsuku 5.

Kunconywa ukuba uqale nge izinto Ukutadisha icala, kodwa ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi isiphelo salesi umphenyi ngokuvamile eveza imibono yakhe siqu ngecala ngokoMthetho kuvele ukuthi unecala noma ummangalelwa. Ngakho, nombono womphenyi okungaphazamisa ngesinqumo umshushisi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezinye izikhulu abathintekayo kuleli cala.

Ikhophi icala kufanele ngempela iqondiswe ummangalelwa, noma kungukuphula Ikhodi Inqubo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kube isiphelo ngeke kutholakale ngoba ezinye zezizathu ummangalelwa, umshushisi wenza inothi izinto nge inkomba oyisibopho izizathu.

Okuqukethwe amasamanisi

idokhumenti Accusatory kuhlolwa e inqubo ukujwayelaniswa icala futhi esigabeni sokuqala kulolu cwaningo. Ukulungiselela icala kuhloswe ukuba sibandakanye nale mininingwane elandelayo:

• Igama eliphelele ummangalelwa.
• ubunikazi - incazelo emfushane.
• Okuqukethwe amacala: indawo, isikhathi, inhloso izisusa ubugebengu kanye nezimo ezihambelana kuleli cala.
• Washayelwa umshushisi ne-articles of Criminal Code.
• Uhlu ubufakazi obusekela icala.
• Ukunciphisa noma isihluku.
• Ulwazi mayelana isisulu, kuhlanganise ukwakheka kanye nenani umonakalo ukuthi wahlupheka ngenxa yobugebengu.
• Idatha ummangali noma ummangalelwa (isiqondiso civil).

Okokuqala, udinga ukuba banake ngendlela icala senziwa, umklamo isampula okuyinto livikeleke Article 220 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure.

Njengoba icala - kuyinto idokhumenti oqala ujwayele kunjalo, kufanele kube izixhumanisi lokuthandwa kanye imiqulu ethi icala lobugebengu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, uma kudingeka, umfundi angase athinteke izinhliziyo ishidi ezifanele, futhi sihlolisise ulwazi.

ubufakazi umqondo

Ngenxa yokuthi le icala iqukethe uhlu ubufakazi bangempela namanye ukuze kubhekwe kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini libhekisela ubufakazi.

Ngokusho Article 73 Ikhodi-Criminal Procedure ubufakazi ecaleni lobugebengu angabhekwa:

• LobuFakazi umsolwa.
• ubufakazi lohlaselwayo.
• Amarekhodi imisebenzi okuphenya.
• umbono Isazi.
• kuncuma.
• Ubufakazi.

ubufakazi

Ubufakazi kufanele kutholakale ngokomthetho. ubufakazi Ngokungemthetho etholakala inadmissible, ngoba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ezifana kokuthethwa kwecala awacatshangwa. Futhi, zikhona imithetho ethile yokuthola ubufakazi njengoba omunye bonakaliso.

Ikakhulukazi, kwenqatshelwe ukwenza uphenyo kunjalo, uma umsolwa kunoma iyiphi lokudakwa kuyisifo esingathí sina esingase ukuthi emvimbela ngokwanele ukuba afakaze, kanye ophazamisekile ekhanda, noma isakhamuzi izwe futhi abazi Russian. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akulona yekuhlungwa kwemaphutsa kwabancane phakathi imibuzo ukuthi inombolo akuyona uthisha, umnakekeli noma omunye wabazali, nokunye. N.

Idatha ekutheni kokuphenywa waphawula, luzakwenziwa ku icala. Sample olandelwayo imithetho kokuphenywa namafomu ichazwe Izihloko 174 kanye 190 Ikhodi.

umbono uchwepheshe

Afakwe ubufakazi uchwepheshe imibiko kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana neSigaba 204 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure. Uchwepheshe oqhuba ucwaningo oludingekile, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi isiphelo salesi zamanga Kuyicala.

Uchwepheshe Ucwaningo olwenziwa unelungelo ukuqoqa ulwazi olungekho noma amadokhumenti bebodwa. Ekuhloleni amaphepha adingekayo ukuze uhlole indlela luhlolo Isazi kwenziwa. Kufanele kube uchwepheshe othile ozimele, akanandaba imiphumela cwaningo. Imiphumela zenziwa ngendlela evamile icala. Isampula umbono uchwepheshe yokuqala unamathisele ifayela icala.

Ngezimo icala

isihluku noma ukunciphisa ku icala uhlu impinda walabo efayeleni icala. Ngaphansi Izihloko 61 no 63 ze-Ikhodi, izimo ziyabhekelelwa nawabela isigwebo okungase noma kungancipha noma lenyuke ngokungafani kuya ejwayelekile.

Ngokwesibonelo, isimo ukunciphisa Kuyaphawuleka ka bephula ezincane ngokokuqala, ikhumbula ukuthi ngempela noma umusho a okwesikhashana singasetshenziswa eyabelwe ngezansi umkhawulo ephansi.

ukwelashwa Final

Ukuvunywa icala ngumshushisi kusho nokudluliswa izinto enkantolo. Ngaphambi ukwamukelwa umshushisi unelungelo lokwenza izinguquko kule dokhumenti noma uthathe nezinye izenzo, ngokuhambisana neSigaba 222 kweKhodi, kuhlanganise bayeka zobulelesi futhi bemangalelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umshushisi waphawula ukwephula noma ubuthakathaka obuthile, uyena onelungelo lokusho ukuthi udaba emuva umseshi. Kulokhu, ikhophi icala ngefomethi entsha kumele nayo ingathunyelwa ummangalelwa.

Ushintsho E-icala, mayelana nekwetfula okuyinto unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa umshushisi, lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ingqikithi yalo amacala, ziqu yobugebengu.
• Shintsha elithile ukuzibamba noma ukukhanselwa ngaphandle ukuboshelwa endlini nokuvalelwa (lokhu isilinganiso Ungashintsha enkantolo).
• Ukwengezwa noma ukuncishiswa uhlu abantu abangase ukubizelwa enkantolo (ngaphandle ukuvikelwa kofakazi).

Ngemva ukwamukelwa umshushisi ukuphetha izinto ithunyelwa inkantolo. Zonke izicelo izicelo ezithunyelwe kulesigaba hhayi lo mseshi nomahluleli.

Kuleso simo, uma kukhona kudingeka kuhlinzekwe isamba sika kunjalo ku ehlukile inqubo noma kwakwakhe amacala futhi uzilungiselele le icala. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we isampula kuzimo musa ukushintsha.

Imininingwane

Kanye icala luzakwenziwa izitifiketi zokuba imiphumela yophenyo. Njengoba icala iqukethe idatha a priori, kusitifiketi kumele kube ukuthi imiphumela yalo msebenzi.

Liqukethe idatha inkomba icala lobugebengu:

• kwenkathi uphenyo.
• isilinganiso izifo.
• izindleko ngokwenqubo.
• Ukuba khona izenzo civil kanye izinyathelo ukuqinisekisa.

Ulwazi mayelana imiphumela yophenyo, Ngokungafani nezinye izinto, itholakala kuphela kumshushisi womphakathi.

Ukuba Wedwa kanye uxhumano Wezindaba

zobulelesi uyazi izimo lapho, ngesikhathi uphenyo we icala kunesidingo ukugqamisa izinto zibe ekuqhutshweni ahlukene nelinye icala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi phakathi uphenyo ieala lutholwa, it is hhayi ezihlobene kommangalelwa ukuthi uziphatha kanjani. Ngakho, kulesi simo, ekupheleni ukukhiqizwa ngamunye kuyinto icala we icala lobugebengu.

Xhuma Wezindaba kusikisela ukuba khona izinto eziningana ezimweni ezahlukene, okuyinto ehlangana kwelinye noma ngaphezulu zindlela:

• ikhomishana ubugebengu abantu abaningana;
• ukwenza izenzo oxhumene, abantu ezahlukene;
• ubugebengu obenziwa umuntu oyedwa noma iqembu labantu.

Uma uxhuma Wezindaba ungenisa esiphethweni esisodwa eyohlanganisa zonke izimo, abantu kanye nezinye izigaba esekelwe kushushiswa.