Isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngokunikeza njalo ukugeleza kwegazi zonke izimpahla lesibili mpilo nezakhi kuzo zonke izinhlaka womuntu futhi ngenxa inani layo eliphezulu akunakuphikwa. Futhi ngakho-ke uma ke thuthuva kancane kubangelwa ehlukahlukene ukwehluleka futhi ukusabela kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlelo, ngakho ngaso sonke isikhathi izimpawu. Kodwa kanjani senziwa Ukuhlola izitsha inhliziyo negazi? Ukuze wenze lokhu, zikhona izindlela eziningi.
ukuhlolwa
Lapho isiguli yokuqala edonswe edonswe kulezo kuya Umeluleki noma njengoba isilinganiso prophylactic izikhalazo (ngokomzimba) noma ethize, uchwepheshe kumele kube okumele abonwe endaweni inhliziyo futhi amqhubele isifundo elula lomzimba namahlumela yayo. Ngakho, okokuqala kwezithelo zonke udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa jikelele isiguli ngokunaka isikhumba sakhe (yezifo zalesi simiso kungenzeka ugodo, ngisho cyanosis, abandayo edema obukhulu, nokopha ezincane), isimo ebonakalayo nolwelwesi lwamafinyila (umjovo we sclera, uqwembe ezimhlophe ngasesinqeni se nolimi) , ukuthuthukiswa of the system zemisipha (hypotension, ubuthakathaka, dystrophic noma, kunalokho, ukukhuluphala), ubunjalo ishayela (khona layo futhi isikhathi izandla zombili, ubambe i-pulse lihambe ngemithambo jugular). Okulandelayo, udokotela liyadingeka ukuze bafeze lokho kuhlolisisa kwenhliziyo, njengoba eshaywayo kwemingcele yayo, okuyinto kungase kwembule hypertrophy kwamaseli ngabanye. Qiniseka ukuchitha auscultation yakhe ne isibalo isibalo Kufinyeta senhliziyo, elinemininingwane ithoni yayo, isigqi, kungenzeka umsindo sokugembula.
umlando
Ekugcineni, ulinganise blood pressure, ngoba kuyinto Isikhombisi esibalulekile isimo yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Okulandelayo, udokotela liyadingeka ngokuningiliziwe isikhalazo ngoba luhlolo umnyuziki inhliziyo kufaka nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe enemininingwane. Ngakho, izifo kohlelo eziphathelene nenhliziyo libhekene esifubeni (ngokuvamile angawethusi, ukugxisha uhlamvu) noma, ngokunembile, ngemuva sternum, dyspnea (kwenzeka uma anda nemsebenti lotsintsa umtimba evamile futhi zokugula - at khanya layisha noma ngisho uphumule), palpitations futhi uzizwa iyiphi "ukuphazamiseka" kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu izimpawu (ikhanda, isiyezi, ukusinda emzimbeni). Qiniseka kubonakala isikhathi nesenzakalo yabo, izinto ezibanga futhi liquidating umfutho wabo.
Okunye izici ezibalulekile
Futhi ngo-luhlolo inhliziyo zihlanganisa yokuthi isiguli ebuzwa ukuthi yini lilandisa ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo, kanjalo ekukhombeni engcupheni. Ngakho, kungaba ukushaqeka ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo ngosuku olwandulela (ukufa kothandekayo, ukucindezeleka emsebenzini kungancipha kungakwenza), ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo noma ukwenza umsebenzi odinga kanye neze. Thuthukisa izimpawu kanye izinguquko izimo zezulu. Omunye umbandela okubalulekile ufuzo, ngoba izifo eziningi (isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo) bavame ukudlulisela isizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngokuvamile, umlando eqoqwe kwesokudla kunikeza 50% ukuxilongwa lesiguli emtholampilo. Ngemva ingxoxo isiguli futhi siqhuba luhlolo yayo, udokotela kufanele uthumele lesigceme sakhe luhlolo zenhliziyo. Kufanele sikhumbule anatomy futhi physiology emzimbeni.
Nasi inhliziyo evamile
Ngakho, kuba, ukukhuluma cishe, futha, ehlanganisa ikakhulukazi kwemisipha futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi isimiso semithambo yegazi. Ngaphakathi it has emakamelweni ezine ukuxhumana nomunye ngendlela ethile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza njalo igazi. Inhliziyo ngokwayo njalo ungenwa futhi uphumule yayo isakhiwo kwezicubu umqhubi kuthiwa sawela by ezinzwa amaza, kanjalo okubangela kushintshana imisipha ukungezwani egumbini ngalinye kanye valve ukuvulwa-ukuvala therebetween. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi zonke izindlela luhlolo inhliziyo kungenziwa iqondiswe noma kwe-anatomy umzimba (ultrasound, Doppler imephu, CT scan, esifubeni X-ray, izindlela radioisotope) ngqo ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo (ikhipha izitsha ezinkulu, angiography, angiography yenhliziyo) noma ukutadisha isimo conduction uhlelo lwayo (electrocardiography, ibhayisikili ergometry) noma audializatsiyu yayo amathoni futhi imisindo (phonocardiography).
echocardiography
Njengoba ubona, luhlolo inhliziyo kufanele nakanjani kube ezinemininingwane, ezinemininingwane, ungalahlekelwa lutho ebusweni. Ngenxa kokunqotshwa esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kungenzeka kubonisa isifo ezimele, futhi ngenxa uhlelo egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Uma sikhuluma ezibukwayo izindlela zokuxilonga, owokuqala efika engqondweni echocardiogram, noma njengoba ubizwa nangokuthi, ultrasound inhliziyo. Lokho kukhombisa iyunithi ngalesi cwaningo ezibalulekile, ungakwazi ukuqagela nenengqondo. Ngu eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini ekujuleni ultrasound izicubu bese ubuyela kubo emuva isithombe luvele esibukweni elikuvumela ukuba uhlole isakhiwo inhliziyo, usayizi izimbotshana yayo, isimo valve nezitsha ezinkulu. Plus, le ndlela kuyinto non-koda futhi ngaphandle maqembu ngemisebe ke ingasetshenziswa ngisho kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukuncelisa kanye nezingane. Nakuba iyashelela computed tomography namanje abakwazi ukushayela nge-ultrasound zokuxilonga.
Izinzuzo ultrasound
Emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko wendlela sokukhulelwa intombi idlula ngezikhathi fetus inhliziyo ultrasound ebonisa ukuthi patent ductus arteriosus, semithambo stenosis imilomo, prolapses noma ukwehluleka valve, isimo ventricular futhi septal atrial nezinye kombungu esizalweni. Enye inzuzo obalulekile le ndlela ukuze isiguli kanye isikhungo sezokwelapha kuyinto cheapness yayo isihlobo, kungenzeka yokufeza sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya, izifundo ngesikhathi esifushane, kanye ukuthola isifinyezo esheshayo futhi wamukele nokuchazwa yonke idatha. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ethandwa kangaka ukuyisebenzisa ukuze ultrasound zokuxilonga zenhliziyo.
Yini izitsha ucwaningo
Ngo abantu abakhuluphele, futhi iziguli sikashukela izilonda ezivame kakhulu uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kuyizinto izilonda atherosclerotic ka imithambo yegazi, kanye hyalinosis izindonga zawo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba ahlolisise izitsha inhliziyo, ngoba kuphela okondliwa lokhu umzimba ebalulekile futhi ngoba ukusebenza kudinga owawudinga amandla futhi substrates izakhi. Ngakho, kuqala femoral noma umfula subclavian, le ipayipi sifakwe, okuyothi ngalo medium Ngokuphambene igcwalisa izitsha, kuyabonakala ku esingu-X-ray. Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu i-atherosclerosis, izifo ischemic kwenhliziyo, esivimba amanzi infarction kuyinto izitsha yenhliziyo luhlolo inhliziyo. Lembula embili zabo, ngokunemba unhlangothi yabo. Futhi ngaphansi kweso layo abazenzi Imisebenzi eminingi kulesi sitho ezibalulekile.
Imiphumela
Ngakho, izindlela ukuphenywa kokuphulwa isifo senhliziyo kanye semithambo ngesikhathi samanje, kunezindlela eziningi, kodwa ngamunye wabo izinkomba esiqinile kanye contraindications, futhi ngoba bachitha ngamunye kwezomnotho yayenza ngokungacabangi kanye diagnostically lutho. Futhi ngoba isici esiyisihluthulelo udokotela abanekhono prokuriruet ngokucophelela nesineke futhi unike ukuphathwa kudingekile noma ukuya abagunyaziwe.