Ukugonywa of DPT: emagama, nemiphumela kanye nezimpendulo

Lapho umndeni kukhona ingane encane, abazali abasha kanjalo washayiseka: yini ukondla, ukuba agqoke kanjani, yini okufanele uyenze uma ngokungazelelwe ugula ... Bese, esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu kusukela ngosuku lokuzalwa, nodokotela bezingane shayela yokugoma ne DTP (okulotshiweyo izifinyezo - adsorbed pertussis-idiphtheria-ngqi). Ngemva kokufunda ngemiphumela engemihle, omama ibambe ikhanda lakhe. Ake sizame ndawonye ukuthola ukuthi scarier: inoculation ukubeka noma ukushiya ingane sengozini izifo ezethusayo?

Uyini umgomo DTP

Lapho eneminyaka engu-izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo ingane yabo sokuzivikela, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kunomthelela ibele. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi ekhalendeni zihlanganisa DTP ngokugoma. Sokuqonda sithi ngezithako zawo inamaseli wabulala kwamagciwane azo zonke izifo ezintathu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umzimba ingane wahlangana c amaseli yingozi futhi kungenza isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela isungule amasosha omzimba.

Ngakho kwakhiwa "inkumbulo yeselula": Met nge lwegciwane ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo, uhlelo ukukhumbula igciwane. amasosha omzimba Ready uzobe kukhiqizwa ngokushesha, okuyinto eyokusiza ukuba babhekane ngokushesha lesi sifo. Pertussis elibangela ukusabela enobudlova kakhulu (lokushisa, zokuzikhukhumeza), ngakho izingane attenuated yokugoma ukunikela Analogue - DT (idiphtheria-ngqi).

Yeka indlela okuyingozi lezi zifo

Lena ukutheleleka sasivumela okunganakekile futhi kuhileleke ezinzima kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngazo eceleni:

1. Pertussis. It is kalula kudidaniswe umkhuhlane noma banal abandayo: zonke ukukhwehlela efanayo futhi amakhala yisisu. Futhi kamuva nje kwamasonto ambalwa, lapho izimpawu SARS kufanele kakade aphethwe, kuyacaca ukuthi isithombe abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele. Ukukhwehlela kabuhlungu njalo isimo usuku siya siba sibi kakhulu, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu ingase ihlale imizuzu engu-15, kwalandela ukuhlanza noma ukopha. Ngo izingane kungaholela ukuboshwa zokuphefumula. Umphumela kungaba "ifomu asalile", lapho ngamunye abandayo eligeleza kukhwehlela efanayo ezinzima.

Endabeni idiphtheria nomhlathi-ngqi, into ezimbi kakhulu akulona amagciwane ngokwabo, futhi ubuthi asikhiqizayo.

2. idiphtheria. Ubuthi kuthinte inhliziyo, isibindi kanye nezinso, isimiso sezinzwa. Umphumela kungenzeka kokuziklinya.

3. Tetanus. esesabekayo nakakhulu ushevu ezivezwa amabhaktheriya kubangela ezinzima kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe, okuyinto ahambisana ubuhlungu futhi amajaqamba. ukuboshwa inhliziyo noma ukuphefumula - akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike.

Okuwukuphela isivikelo kuyinto lokugoma ne DTP. Sokuqonda ngezinye izikhathi kuyabethusa abazali bakhe multicomponent. Kodwa kubalulekile hhayi ubuningi kodwa ukuhambisana. Kuyinto le nhlanganisela 1940 futhi namanje kubhekwa ekahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye DTP, kwamukelekile ukuba zigonyelwe uvendle kanye ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B.

Izinhlobo ngemigomo esetshenziswa

Namuhla, abazali bangakhetha lokho ukugxilisa ingane yakho. Yokugoma isimiso evame ukusetshenziswa ezifuywayo okufushane DTP (okulotshiweyo umelwe kancane ngenhla). Ukuze uthole imali, ungakwazi ukufaka wokugoma "Infanrix".

Faka inhlanganisela yemithi:

• "Pentaxim" - indinganiso uvendle DTP + Hib.
• "Tritanriks-HB» - DTP + ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B.

lokugoma Luhlelo

wezingane bendawo babeye uxwayisa ngokuthi isikhathi sesifikile ukuthi umgomo. amazwe ezehlukene zinezidingo isheduli ukuhluka. ERussia namuhla, ingane ithola ezinyangeni zokuqala DTP 3. Eyesibili kufanele ulandele 4.5, eyesithathu - ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ngemva kwekhefu elide (ngonyaka), wokugoma zokugcina lufakwa at izinyanga ezingu-18. Lokhu uqeda uze uwaqede yokugoma, kanye ingane iyithole 100% ukuvikelwa lezi zifo.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, umbuzo eziningi kanjani DTP yokugoma kumele uthole ingane namanje evulekile. Kwamanye amazwe, benziwe 3, 6 no-18 izinyanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona medotvody ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Uma ubeka komthamo wokuqala, bese ukuthatha ikhefu, awudingi ukuqala wokugoma wokuqala, ukuqhubeka iketango kuphazamisekile ngokwanele. Revaccination wenziwa eminyakeni 6 no-14, bese njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhwehlela whooping kuyingozi kakhulu izingane ezincane. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane kuze iminyaka 4 ezingazange ukugonywa ne DTP ke kungenzeka ukuba bagome ukulungiselela DT, ngoba pertussis ngobudala amadala idluliswe lula kakhulu.

Ukulungiselela yokugoma

It is hhayi njalo wezingane wendawo liqoke ukuhlolwa okugcwele iqoqo ukuhlolwa ngaphambi ngokugoma. Lokhu kuchazwe kalula, unikezwa umsebenzi walo. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babuze abazali uma ingane enempilo, futhi ngesisekelo salokhu, ukugunyaza ngokugoma. Kusukela umthwalo impilo yezingane elala nabazali, bona ithathe izinyathelo ezibonakalayo:

• Khetha udokotela ozimele.
• Thatha isiqondiso sakhe ku cwaningo kanye ultrasound.
• Vakashela isazi sezinzwa.
• Thola ukwaziswa okugcwele mayelana ngemigomo akutholakali ezweni lakho kanye nezincomo iyiphi ukukhetha.

Uma leyo ngane izokwazi onempilo enhle, cishe ngaphandle ingozi, kungaba inikelwe wokugoma DTP. Sokuqonda lokhu isifinyezo kufanele sikhumbule lokho izifo ezethusayo ungamniki Ukuvikelwa. Cabanga Uyayobayobeka umfana, kungukuthi zigonyelwe nomhlathi-ngqi. Wababona kangaki uyaphula edolweni, wadweba kocingo ibuthuntu? Futhi njalo lokho kulimala - kunobungozi yokubamba ngegciwane, ebulalayo e-85% amacala.

Uma usuku lokugoma kuhlelelwe izinsuku 6 (3 ngaphambili 3 emva yokugoma) kumele inikezwe ingane isigamu ithebhulethi "suprastin" ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ungalokothi uphakele ingane yakho ngaphambi ngokuvakashela Igumbi ukwelashwa. Ngemva DTP wafaka akunconyelwe imizuzu engu-30 ukuhamba emtholampilo ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha uma ukusabela nomzimba. Lapho ngifika ekhaya, ngokushesha anikeze ejenti antipyretic, isibonelo, "Nurofen" noma ukubeka amakhandlela ne-paracetamol. Futhi ifa umphumela analgesic azosiza imvuthuluka kalula uthumele ngokugoma. Uma ngosuku lwesibili izinga lokushisa kuyinto evamile, antipyretic kungenziwa yesulwe. Uma kukhona izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, futhi ngosuku lwesithathu, khona-ke ushayele udokotela wakho.

Ukuwohloka emva yokugoma

Kuzo zonke saziso sekukaningi wawubuyisela DPT - wokugoma, ezwakala njenge- Incwadi yombhalo we adsorbed pertussis-idiphtheria-ngqi. Namuhla, ungathola eziningi izinto, bekhuluma kabi lokugoma bebonke, futhi bonke ngothi lwabo ukuyixhumanisa ebuhlungu DPT ngokugoma.

Cishe 30% amacala zenzeka elandelayo side effects:

• ububomvu nokuvuvukala isayithi umjovo;
• ukukhuphuka okuncane nje kwamazinga okushisa umzimba;
• ukukhathazeka owandiswayo;
• wokugaya ukudla uhlelo iziyaluyalu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le kuwukusabela okungokwemvelo lapho kuya DTP, imiphumela lokulwa umzimba ephikisana amaseli alien futhi ezinobutha. Izimpawu zinyamalale ngaphakathi ngosuku olulodwa ngemva inoculation. ngokoqobo namuhla liwukuthi kuze kube yilapho yonke izingane kulindeleke ukuba alandise ngala isiqondiso ehlala neziguli weza ngenjongo ukuvakashelwa. Ngakho-ke, amakhala yisisu nohudo ngemuva lokugoma bangase bangabi nobuhlobo ngqo kulo.

Ngeshwa, lokhu akuyona into embi kakhulu engehlela emva umgomo DTP ilethwa. Imiphumela ngesimo edema eqinile (ngaphezu kuka-10cm), ukubeka ukukhala ingane okushisa Clusive ngenhla degrees 39 ezibhekwa ezinzima. Kukhona isikhathi esinjalo ukusabela izingane mayelana 1 kuya 15,000.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ngasemuva kungahle kungasheshi wawubonakalisa ukuxhumelela ngaphambilini kufihlwe pathologies kwezinso, hepatic, sezinzwa izifo uhlelo. Eqoshiwe uma ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha glomerulonephritis nengane nokufa ngesonto emva DTP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukushaqeka anaphylactic, ukuquleka, encephalopathy. Imvamisa yezinkinga ezifana lincane kakhulu, mayelana 1 icala ngalinye 500 000-1 000 000 izingane. Kodwa kwabanye, lena uma ebulalayo ...

Wokugoma wokuqala: amaphuzu abalulekile

Ngakho, unezinyanga 3, futhi nakhu - isimemo ngowokuqala umgomo. Kungani kulonyaka? Ngoba utero umbungu ngokusebenzisa umzanyana engasithola amasosha omzimba kamama. Futhi uma, ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana ukwethula umgomo, bayoba iphazamise ukuthuthukiswa amasosha omzimba abo. Kodwa kancane kancane umgoqo yemvelo zokuzivikela kuyehla, kumelwe ibuyiselwe. Ngakho ukuchaza odokotela. By the way, cishe, uzocela ufake ini zigonywe. Khetha ukungenisa nahlanza wokugoma, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ke ikhokhelwa.

Futhi elinye iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Uma une into ukudida isimo ingane (snot, ukucobeka), ukuhlehlisa lokugoma, ningabalaleli izincomo eqinile ukuya egumbini imithi yokwelashwa ngokushesha. Kungaba lunikezwe e izinyanga 4 kamuva. abasebenzi bezempilo - abantu engaphansi, balindeleke ukuba bakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngesikhathi. Kodwa, ngokuvamile, bambalwa abantu bakhathazekile impilo yengane yakho. Badinga "uphawu" embikweni, futhi avune izithelo edabukisayo onayo. Qha nakanye, yebo.

Ngemva lokugoma, eduze ukugcina ukuziphatha kwengane. Namandla okhalayo, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, imfiva - konke okufanele yisizathu ukwesulwa imigomo okwalandela okwesikhashana noma unomphela, kuye ngobucayi ukusabela. Kuphela ukwanda elincane lokushisa (37-38 degrees) kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha impendulo evamile umgomo DTP. Kubekwe uphawu futhi ububomvu kusayithi umjovo akudingeki ubambe esingaphezu kosuku, nesikhulu kunabo 5 cm ububanzi. By the way, lesi sidakamizwa "Infanrix" ngokuvamile akusho baxabane kanye nezinkinga asibekezeleleki kahle.

Eyesibili yokugoma

izinsuku 30-45 uma komthamo wokuqala idluliswe kahle, udokotela akumeme kabusha ngokugoma. Uma ingane iyagula ngalesi sikhathi, le nqubo walala yebo yokutakula. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukusabela kungaba namandla kunomFilisti okokuqala. Lokhu kungokwemvelo, ngoba umzimba isivele iphethwe ukuthuthukisa ethile kwamasosha omzimba.

Uma udokotela abazange babuze ukuthi, qiniseka umkhumbuze mayelana yokusabela kuya yokugoma kuqala. Uma iye uzwakalise, isidingo ukusebenzisa umjovo amazwe, njengoba kwamukeleka kangcono. Uma lokugoma kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga, esikhundleni DPT DT (ngaphandle ingxenye pertussis), noma ukhansele ngokuphelele, naphezu lokuncenga.

A lokugoma wesithathu

Ngezinye izikhathi esasikudinga sasikuthola yena, hhayi wokugoma lesibili, Samukelwa eziqine. Ngalesi sikhathi kakade, njengoba ingane ithwala lokhu ngezidakamizwa futhi enze isinqumo esifanele. Yiqiniso, akudingekile ukuba engozini impilo noma ngabe kuthiwa ukhona yezinkinga olutholwa. Kwaba emva komthamo wesithathu umgomo kubhekwa ukuthi umzimba ivikelwe ngokugcwele ngokumelene lezi zifo ezintathu.

Kungakhathaliseki lokugoma ukusebenza incike indawo umjovo

Yebo. Umuthi senzelwe ujove esicutshini. Ezinganeni, it is a evuthiwe imisipha senyonga it is khona futhi ibekwe wokugoma DTP. Kulungiswa (Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile aqukethe aluminium okuqukethwe ukunganeliseki, okuyinto ethatha adjuvant) nsuku saziso likhona kwi isembozo, njengoba ungaqinisekisa ngokubheka isithombe sokuqala kwe-athikili. Ngeshwa, hhayi njalo uchwepheshe ukuchazela abazali ayinandaba, kungani sidinga aluminium osekukhulunywe ngakho, futhi Okwamanje, it is kuhlobane ngokuqondile umbuzo owaphakanyiswa isihlokwana. aluminium hydroxide wokugoma adsorbed zonke izakhi futhi ibagcine kusayithi umjovo isikhathi eside, ukuze amasosha omzimba okungaphehleka ngaphambi kokuba lingene egazini futhi kuyoba okukhipha kusuka emzimbeni. akunjalo isidakamizwa injected ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi hhayi izicubu adipose, okungukuthi, iye esicutshwini. Izingane abaneminyaka engama 4 benza Kudutshulwe ibhodi lemisindo.

Ingabe Ngidinga ukubeka umgomo?

Namuhla, abazali wafaka i isikhundla engenakwenzeka ngempela. Abafuni - angikwenzi, impendulo ngokwakho futhi uzisole wena, uma umntwana wakho ogula kakhulu. Sigxilisa? Kulungile. Kodwa uqaphele: uma kukhona izinkinga, awufuni ukuba agonywe. A edingekayo inhlolovo esibanzi, ngasendleleni, akekho okunikeza noma inikeza. Abazali uzama ukuthola impendulo ezincwadini, izihloko, izinkundla, izingxoxo ku DTP. Kulungiswa, ukubuyekezwa, izincazelo zalawo Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu lapho imiphumela olunzima - konke lokhu likhuluma ngokucacile esivuna ngokugoma. Yini okumelwe uyenze?

Ake sibheke umlando. Ngaphambi kokuqala yokugoma nge pertussis ubuhlungu zonke izingane, futhi okungenani 5% wafa. Idiphtheria idluliselwe mayelana 25% izingane, futhi lokufa ebonwe cishe 50 amacala%. Tetanus - isifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Futhi namhlanje, naphezu kwentuthuko yezokwelapha zesimanje, izinga lokufa imayelana 80% amacala.

Enye into ukuthi ngenxa yokugoma mass ingozi yezifo eziwumshayabhuqe sesinciphe kakhulu, ngakho zingakhula ingane yakho futhi zingangenwa ukugula. Nalapha futhi, 70s wave ezenzeka eYurophu, ukwehluleka ukuba bagome. Kulandelwe kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo inani izifo, yezinkinga nokufa engenakuqhathaniswa amacala yezinkinga emva yokugoma.

Kufinyeta, singasho ukuthi DTP - ukugoma, ukubuyekezwa mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo ungathola ezihlukahlukene ngokuvamile - ngokucijile negative, ngenxa reactogenicity yaso ephezulu. Kodwa uma uya ngokucophelela kukhethwa izidakamizwa ukudlula ukuhlaziywa kwesikhashana futhi ukulungiselela umzimba ngomntwana, ungakwazi kakhulu ingozi ngenxa yezinkinga ukuze kuvikelwe izingane ekusebenzeni izifo eziyingozi. Wena - abazali, unquma.