Ukubhinqa Political: kwencazelo uhlobo, izibonelo

A eziyinkimbinkimbi, yehlukene kaningi okubalwa uhlobo atholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo art - ukubhinqa zezombusazwe. Professional ukuyisebenzisa - iwukuba ube ezibanzi sinesimo sengqondo, erudition, ulwazi othile wezifundo zezombusazwe, ukwamukela nokugxeka okwakhayo, sifunde ikhono lokubuza ngobugagu bephelele futhi kalula lolu hlobo. Akakubekezeleli umbono ngenhloso subjective, it kalula ubuhlungu yomunye imizwa, ukweyisa, ukubathobisa.

Kuyini ukubhinqa?

Ihlaya - uhlobo izincwadi ubuciko, okuyinto ukulahlwa yamahlaya noma inkondlo ekhuluma ngokulandisa imihlola omubi empilweni nasemphakathini esebenzisa indida, ukubhuqa, ihaba, kuwumfuziselo, inkulumo yokulingisa kanye elibi. Ingqikithi ukubhinqa ukusebenzisa amasu kwezobuciko futhi izindlela etemibhalo ukufeza ukugxekwa lilokhu ka absurdities, ukuphikisana amaphutha. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ukubhinqa ethola ihaba ngokungadingekile. Ihlaya uhlobo amakhulu amaningi eminyaka, futhi zonke inkathi lalisetshenziswa ukuhlonza izenzakalo ezibuhlungu kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe. Ihlaya njalo okuhloswe ngazo abantu kanye nemicimbi.

imisebenzi satirical kungaba zokuziphatha, ezombusazwe, inkolo yamanga. Ukugxekwa ukubhinqa uqhutshwa kusuka isikhundla ekahle engavezwanga ngamazwi. Ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakuyinkambiso nenye izinkondlo satirical futhi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, futhi kamuva eRoma uhlobo ithole uzibuse. Isebenzisa umdanso, ingoma, izinkondlo. Izibonelo ubuciko ukubhinqa adalwe Juvenal futhi Horace. Nge usulu uhlobo izenzakalo ngonya zokuphila. Ezincwadini kukhona imisebenzi yonke satirical ahlukene iziqephu, izimo noma izithombe. Kusuka ukubhinqa zezombusazwe kufanele aqaphele, ngoba lolu hlobo kungenziwa engavimba ukucwaninga.

ukubhinqa zezombusazwe

Uhlobo ukubhinqa zezombusazwe bekulokhu ethandwa njalo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sihlobana izincwadi, ukubhinqa uthola nkulumo, lo mphathi wenkampani zobuciko. I ukubhinqa zezombusazwe bembula ukungapheleli ngabanye kanye nomphakathi, nobuwula, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla, izenzo ezimbi osopolitiki usebenzisa indida Burlesque, nezinye izindlela. Uhlobo ukubhinqa zezombusazwe nje kuphela ngokuthi olushaqisayo oluhloselwe ukuhlekisa izethameli, kodwa futhi ukuhlasela lomkhuba omubi engokoqobo. Lona umgomo oyinhloko, okuyinto singakwenza ngokulitadisha amahlaya.

nebugagu betemibhalo, ezifana ukubhuqa, kufaka ekhatsi siphukuto, juxtaposition, usizo kuzuzwe umphumela othile. Abaqalisi uhlobo ukubhinqa kwezombusazwe Lucilius, Ennius, Horace, Aristophanes. Kufanele kube amanothi samanje amahlaya mnene, okuhloswe ngalo ukulolonga ukugxekwa ikheli ethize. Kungenjalo ukubhinqa ubukeka wokushumayela, umbiko ezomile noma inkulumo.

okusho ukubhinqa

kwavela ukubhinqa Political ngenxa izincwadi laseRoma lasendulo. Kuhlanganisa izinkondlo umkhiqizo lyric letingemasayizi lahlukene kanye namagugu. Umfundi babathole thukuthele, ligxeke ngamazinga ahlukene ekuphikeni - izithombe abacacisiwe, amaqembu, imicimbi. Ihlaya - wemfanelo uhlobo bokubeka inkulumo ekhululekile - okumelwe ahlukaniswe kusuka lampoon futhi lampoon.

Inani bokubeka ukubhinqa zezombusazwe kanye nekubaluleka kwalo itholakala okuqukethwe zezenhlalo nesimilo, lyrical kuyanda ukuphakama satirist ekahle. Lyrical umbala subjective umsebenzi satirical phuca uhlobo umnqopho kwezobuciko, ukubhinqa zezombusazwe ngakho has uhlobo transience.

satirists eyaziwa

ukubhinqa Political livela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuciko - kuyinto umehluko zako ezisemqoka kusukela uhlobo luyingxenye etemibhalo. Litholakala yaseshashalazini, izincwadi, amabhayisikobho, i-journalism. ukubhinqa Ngasekuqaleni yaqhakaza Greece ne-Arabhiya, ePheresiya nase ephakathi eYurophu, eMelika, uVictoria England. It is kabanzi njengendlela yokulahlwa indlela lamashumi amabili leminyaka, phakathi nokuba khona kwamakamu Soviet Union, yebo, ezikhathini zanamuhla.

satirists Famous Soviet I. Ilf and Petrov wabhala inoveli "nezitulo 12", okuyinto ngosizo amahlaya kanye nebugagu betemibhalo ihlekisa le nomphakathi wamaSoviet elalisanda kumiswa. ukubhinqa Political abathintekayo: Vladimir Mayakovsky, Olesha, D. Harms, Bulgakov, S. Marshak. satirists Abaningi aseSoviet becindezela futhi censored ukusetshenziswa kwalesi uhlobo.

Ngesikhathi le "ncibilika" avele amafilimu satirical, izinhlelo ze-TV, okuyizinto obala kanye namahlaya sola uhulumeni. satirists Modern - kuyinto A. Raikin, M. Zhvanetskiy, G. Khazanov, S. Viola, A. Arcana, L. Izmailov, M. Zadornov. Namuhla, uhlobo ukubhinqa zezombusazwe eRussia akusho ukuya ethandwa, ezinkulu ezingeni, elalisendlini iminyaka Soviet.

izingcaphuno Popular kanye aphorisms

Ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ongasoze kwaba ukubhinqa zezombusazwe (izingcaphuno, amazwi, aphorisms) e-USSR. Kungaleso khona amahlaya enkulu amabhayisikobho, izinkondlo, nephrozi, eneka yesikhashana engadingeki. Eminyakeni yokubusa uBrezhnev sika kwakukhona eziningi amahlaya ngaye nezindlela zakhe. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi leonid Ilyich walithanda izindondo oda, okuyinto ngokwayo iye yaklonyeliswa, ngezinye izikhathi ngokungafanele. Yingakho kwakunengozi anecdote esilandelayo: "E-Moscow, lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi kusukela isihlalo phansi jacket uBrezhnev izindondo. "

Ekhulwini lama-21 ukubhinqa zezombusazwe wathutha esuka emkhakheni izincwadi eziningi zobuciko. Namuhla zopopayi ngokuvamile itholakala nasemaphephandabeni setepolitiki, izincwadi ezinkulu Russian angaphandle.