Ukotini Tree: incazelo kanye izakhiwo

Ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, ungathola isitshalo ezithakazelisayo ngokuthi isihlahla ukotini. Kubukeka engavamile kakhulu, lokho ayimkhangi yezakhamuzi zendawo kanye izivakashi. Eceleni lokhu giant, ngeke ubone indoda ngembazo, ehlathini akukho ocekela phansi ngeke bhala amagxolo yakhe: "Bheka kwakunguJohane." Iyini imfihlo, futhi kungani izitshalo ezivamile emhlabeni uya inganekwane kakhulu futhi uthathe? Lokhu kuyoba indaba kulesi sihloko.

ngezigaba yesayensi

isihlahla ukotini Latin ngokuthi Ceiba pentandra. Lesi simila tropical malvales oda kungokwalabo umndeni Malvaceae. Kuyinto uhlobo lwe elikhulu izitshalo bok Ceiba, elihlanganisa 17 zezihlahla. Ceiba Ekuqaleni ozalwa kwahlanganiswa ozala Bombaksovye.

imithombo amaningi asetshenziswa amagama lahlotshaniswa - kapok (igama fibre), pyatitychinkovaya Ceiba, samauma.

lapho likhula

Lapho kwazalelwa khona isitshalo kubhekwa eNtshonalanga Afrika. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isihlahla kutholakala eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi, eziqhingini zaseCaribbean. Umuthi kungabonakala ezisenyakatho eNingizimu Melika.

ukubukeka

Ukotini kwesihlahla (Ceiba) lubalwa iplanethi ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu izitshalo. ukuphakama kwalo ongafinyelela amamitha 70. I isiqu izitshalo ubanzi kakhulu, izimpande ribbed baye zakomelistost, bebizwa ipulangwe-eNqutshini. Eqinisweni, izimpande yakha protuberances ekhethekile mpo (buttresses), okuyizinto eduze sesihlahla. ukuphakama wabo ungase kakhulu idlule ukukhula komuntu futhi sifinyelele 6-7 amamitha. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi buttresses ukunikeza ukuzinza ezidingekayo lesi sitshalo isihlahla ukotini has a umqhele onesiqiniseko esindayo. Ngaphandle izisekelo ezengeziwe abavuthiwe isihlahla akakwazi ukumelana nemimoya enamandla. ngezinye izikhathi Iziqu Ceiba ngokuthi lo yocingo, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje amade futhi iqonde.

izihlahla asemasha bushelelezi amagxolo oluhlaza, kodwa ngeminyaka, konke eshintsha. Ungase ubuze, lihlanganisani ukotini amagxolo omuthi? Okokuqala, izinguquko amagxolo umbala kusuka green grey. Khona-ke, ku-ke khona banamandla futhi ameva ebukhali kakhulu ukuma oyindilinga. Buka spikes kukhona esabisa kakhulu, ngakho ukukhonza njengomdala ivikeleke kakhulu nazo zonke izitha. Izilwane ze limele isihlahla ukotini amagxolo. Izivakashi nazo ungagijimi ingozi breaking ngokutotosa izitshalo ngokubabazekayo. Abanaso lizama ukukhuphuka kubo noma bhala amazwi aqoshwe isiqu. Kepha kwathi ebona e-cotton isihlahla ehlathini omdala, qiniseka isithombe.

Ceiba eshiya palmate-eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphandle, abaprofethi bamanga athé efana amaqabunga entendeni, leaf ngamunye siqukethe amahlamvu 5-9 (ubuningi 15), ogama ubude 20 cm. Amapheshana lonke.

Phakathi izihlahla zezimbali embozwe izimbali esikhulu esimhlophe ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane zazo zibambene Pyatignezdnaya izithelo-amabhokisi. On izihlahla abavuthiwe eziningana isithelo engamakhulu ezinkulu (usayizi amabhokisi cishe 15 cm) zingase zimiswe. Pyatistvorchataya ibhokisi ine ijamo side. Ngaphandle-ke abushelelezi, futhi silky ngaphakathi embozwe izinwele eziningi lapho lisibekele imbewu. Kulawo mabhokisi kukhona imbewu ukuma cishe eyindilinga. Umbala imbewu konsundu abamnyama. Njengoba izithelo uvuthwe, amabhokisi aqhephukile, futhi lehla kubo kusukela omhlophe, ophuzi noma ukukhanya kapok esinsundu (fibre). Lokhu fibre ewusizo ngokukhethekile.

Njengoba lisetshenziswe fibre

Ceiba fibre iqukethe cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin kanye nezinye izinto. Kulula (8 alula kakhulu kunomoya ukotini izikhathi), asipheli elina asikho uwa phansi. Lokhu kwaziswa uyakwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima futhi nezimo, nge buoyancy okusezingeni eliphezulu namanzi repellency. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has ongaphakeme conductivity ezishisayo futhi ezinhle umsindo ukumuncwa. Nokho, kukhona ethile esobala - the flammability okusezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa ngafunda ukulwa.

kapok okuqinile lungekho ngaphansi nezilokazane kuhlale hhayi ukudla ukhunta. Lena impahla ezimangalisayo zemvelo ngoba ukugxusha Upholstery, omatilasi hypoallergenic futhi imicamelo. Kulo zenziwa pontoons, buoys, jackets. Amatilosi ngokuvamile okuthiwa Seibu isihlahla-isilondolozi. I impahla esetshenziswa njengoba yamathebhu ngoba ezifudumele mikhankaso polar. Of spin, njengoba ingaphezulu lalo abushelelezi kakhulu, kodwa ke athuthukile ubuchwepheshe eziphambili ukuthi lula lo msebenzi kapok nzima.

Izinto zokuvala umoya impahla eyenziwe ukotini ukhuni fibre esetshenziselwa zihlale zifudumele futhi ukwahlukanisa umsindo izindonga ehhovisi amafriji, ezamasiko kanye izakhiwo zokuhlala.

Ngemva kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakoloni ezishisayo Afrika Abanakekeli bamahlathi labetibambile umkhankaso mass kokufika Ceiba, ukuhlinzeka ukukhiqizwa fibre. Kuze 1960, Kapok iwumkhiqizo ukuthekelisa eyigugu, kodwa ke inani layo yehlile kancane.

kanjani imbewu

uwoyela akhishwa imbewu yesihlahla ukotini, angasetshenziswa uwoyela, njengenhlangano okufakiwe ekwenzeni insipho nokupheka. Amafutha esetshenziswa izibani ukukhanyisa maqhugwane. Ekwelapheni lo mkhiqizo kufanelekile ekwelapheni ukuphulukiswa rheumatism futhi nilimaza. Isithekelisi main lwamafutha imbewu yesihlahla ukotini - Indonesia.

Indlela yokusebenzisa amagxolo, izimpande, izimbali namaqabunga

Ukotini isihlahla, incazelo onikelwa lapha, sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngazo imithi Afrika:

• kusukela ezimpandeni yokulungiselela imithi isifo sochoko, uhudo, isifo sohudo, umfutho ophakeme wegazi,
• emagxolweni - kusho amazinyo, isifuba somoya, yamathambo, umbhunu, uhudo, isipatsholo, imfiva, nokuvuvukala;
• leaf zezinkambi sedatives uzilungiselele, utwayi izindlela, conjunctivitis futhi lumbago (lumbar backache);
• slurry amahlamvu ochotshoziwe zisetshenziswa amanxeba kanye abscesses at ukusikeka;
• leaf juice isetshenziselwa izifo zesikhumba;
• omisiwe wagcoba esikhunjeni izithelo powder isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuthola izimuncagazi emathunjini.

Ngaphezu izicelo yezokwelapha, amaqabunga amahlumela asetshenziswa njengoba feed for izilwane ezincane. Amaqabunga ayo amancane futhi izithelo kunezelwa ukudla.

Imbewu uwoyela akhiphe, nakuba inqubo lide futhi kukhathaza. Bendzawo ulisebenzisa ukubuyisela ubuhle kanye ukukhanyisa amakhaya.

Yini enye ongayisho kwesihlahla ukotini? I izakhiwo izinto itholakala kulo isitshalo kungase kubhekwe njengokuvamile impikiswano, kodwa bendawo kunalokho kubo. Futhi lokhu isitshalo - a okukhulu uju isitshalo. Phakathi zezimbali obuningi ke exudes siliphunga eqinile esizoheha izinyosi eziningi.

Mayan kwesihlahla esingcwele

Mayan ngempela utshalwe ukotini isihlahla maphakathi ikamu labo. Babekholelwa ukuthi lokhu isihlahla wanikwa abantu konkulunkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaMaya ayekholelwa ukuthi izwe imi omkhulu izihlahla ezine ukotini. Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi usike lezi zitshalo, futhi uma kwaphazamisa noma eqoqwe okunye ngaphandle kwamaqabunga awo ihlathi Ceiba, njalo kungene esikhundleni kwesokunxele isipho esincane.

Ngomsunguli waphezulu kwesihlahla iqiniso lokuthi akukaze wahlushwa isiphepho, futhi akekho wabona ukuthi umbani ushaye kwesihlahla ukotini. AmaNdiya babekholelwa ukuthi onkulunkulu ukuvikela isilwane kuzo zonke hassles futhi ajezise noma ubani ozama ukungabi kubangele umonakalo isitshalo.

Kodwa abantu bendawo baseHaiti Ceiba ke sasifanekisela okubi. Babekholelwa ukuthi isiqu somzimba wakhe owakhiwe mimoya emimbi, futhi ungalokothi ngiyolala ngaphansi umqhele wakhe. Omunye kwezijeziso okubi kwezigqila zaseHaiti ezaziboshelwa ipotimende prickly ukotini giant.