Ubani wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky osaziwayo?

Vagankovsky emathuneni, cishe yamathuna edume kunazo yesimanjemanje. Umlando kule ndawo waqala eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu kwamakhulu amathathu edlule futhi kuyaqhubeka kuze kube manje. Akunakwenzeka wake ukwazi ukusungula uhlu olunembile wonke umuntu wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky okungenani neminyaka engaba yikhulu edlule, ingasaphathwa wonke umlando walo eside. Uhlu kwabafileyo, bathole lapha isiphephelo zokugcina, yi-estimate kakhulu olandelanayo kwaba cishe kwesigamu sesigidi amagama. Nokho, abaningi bahlale yokungcwaba engaziwa.

ukuvukela Inhlupheko futhi kumila emathuneni

Omunye Ukubheduka kwakamuva kwesifo eRussia eminyakeni 1770-1772 kwaphawulwa hhayi kuphela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu sabantu, kodwa futhi izibhelu abalulekile ethandwa eMoscow endaweni yayo. Yehlulekile ezoqeda yezinxushunxushu, Nokho, ngomthetho Umbusikazi uCatherine II wafa izakhamuzi okwakwenqatshelwe bangcwabe edolobheni.

impilo Zokuzivikela isilinganiso ukuthatha nomphumela, lesi sifo esebohlile, futhi eduze eMoscow edolobhaneni okusha Vagankovo wakhula yamathuna, okuyinto bangcwatshwa futhi Muscovites abavamile.

Ubani wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky? Uhlu nemingcwabo ngalezo zinsuku, yebo, akekho yayiphila. Emakhulwini eminyaka 18-19 afunyanwa khona yokuphumula wafa kusukela kubhubhane, amasosha ayephethwe u zawa Battle of Borodino, ushonele Khodynka nezinye izisulu eziningi zempi kanye netinhlekelele zomlando.

Omkhulu Patriotic neMpi emathuneni Vagankovsky ungeze amathuna mass lesikhumbuzo ukuze abavikeli komuzi.

Ingabe zonke khumbula? Ubani ungcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky osaziwayo

Namuhla, i-ngobukhulu Emangcwabeni eMoscow sizihlanganisa amathuna zonke abadlali zakho ozithandayo, abasebenzi kwamasiko kanye ubuciko, osopolitiki - abaphila manje. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, abantu abaningi ukhohlwe ukuthi, eqinisweni, yamathuna osaziwayo iyindawo ukwenza iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu edlule. Uma ekuqaleni komlando walo Vagankovsky emathuneni ungase 'siziqhayise "ngaphandle ukuthi amathuna anobuhlobo ongashiwongo ngegama futhi emathuneni abantukazana ezivamile nesizotha ke amahlanu ke liye laba yindawo yokuphumula amadoda amakhulu ngesikhathi sakhe.

Phakathi kwalabo wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky, amagama abadumile kwekhulu le-19. Le nqubomgomo kanye ezempi, kwamasiko abasebenzi, babhali, bahlatiyi, abaculi. Eceleni emathuneni omangalisayo ubuntu zomlando abadumile ahlalisane yokungcwaba nesizotha manje abantu ngilukhohliwe, esimagama aso eyaziwa ngaphandle Ochwepheshe.

Imemori ye kwavukelwa Decembrist

Uhlu labo wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky ungaqala nge amagama Decembrists. Okwamanje, eziyisikhombisa kuphela abasinda amathuna abo. Kokunye kocingo tombstones ibekwe Aleksandra Filippovicha frolova kanye Aleksandrov Bobrischeva-Pushkin, eduze kwabo Itshe pink ngemabula Ivan Nikolaevich Hotyaintseva.

On the avenue eyinhloko itholakala ethuneni Mikhail Alexandrovich Bestuzhev. Lapha wangcwatshwa indodakazi yakhe kanye nodadewabo, Elena. owesifazane Omkhulu, egama layo linguJehova inzalo undeservedly ukhohliwe. Lokho-ke kuye lugcinwa umlando we mshini eyigugu kakhulu archival - Bestuzhev igalari odumile eni of the Decembrists, wamsusa wangabe eSiberia ngemva kokufa yomfowabo.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo black egwadle ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele amathuna Decembrists Alexander Petrovich Belyaeva, eduze ethuneni UNikolai Alexandrovich ZAGORETSKY.

Abangane A. S. Pushkina

Bambalwa abantu ukukhumbula lapho endaweni yokungcwaba imbongi omkhulu. Cha, yebo, yena engenzi aphumule emathuneni Vagankovsky. Tomb of the izincwadi ezilotshwe ababhali baseRussia uku Monastery oyiNgcwele, Pskov esifundeni. Nokho, labo ayephila nabo, ngubani wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky, abaningi baye Ihlobene ngokuseduze A. S. Pushkinym nomkhaya wakhe.

Ngakho, eduze esontweni Ensemble kukhona amathuna abakhulu imbongi: Bala UTolstoy futhi Fyodor Ivanovich abadumile sibalo waseshashalazini futhi umqambi Alexei Nikolaevich Verestovskogo.

ibhulashi amakhosi

Osaziwayo wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky ngaso sonke isikhathi, yaphela ukuphila kwakhe, nafika kule ndawo kule wenkazimulo nodumo. Ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kubantu yokudala, enikelwe wonke amandla akhe art futhi ngacabanga okuncane mayelana ezindabeni zezwe.

Usokhaya abaculi ovelele, abadwebi nabaculi ingcaca, abenza wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky umxhwele. Ithuna nesizotha wangcwatshwa Vasiliy Andreevich Tropinin - umdwebi omkhulu kwesikhathi zothando kanye umsunguli we-portrait namaqiniso in umdwebo Russian. Washiya ekumeni ezingaphezu kuka eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe, futhi kwaba ithalente lakhe futhi ikhono Russian art ibhulashi ubophekile ukuba ukuthuthukiswa okwangempela futhi ukubonakala nezici zobuso-portrait.

VA Tropinin kwaba umdwebi wokuqala owaziwayo, wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky. Ukulandela kwakhe, yamathuna eMoscow baba isiphephelo zokugcina lezi amakhosi ibhulashi njengoba Vasiliy Ivanovich Surikov, Vasily Vladimirovich Pukirev, uNikolai Alexandrovich Klodt, Aristarkh Vasilyevich Lentulov nabanye abaningi. Wanderers bangcwatshwe lapha, kanye avant-garde, illustrators, Abahlobisi, umculi graphic umdwebi owayesebenza 19-20 eminyaka.

Abantu wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky washiya i uphawu ongenakucimeka wokulingwa emlandweni namuhla abantu besikhathi ikakhulukazi ukhohlwe. amathuna Ziningi agugile, abanye abanayo ngisho nemizi zingcwecwe esiyisikhumbuzo. Noma kunjalo, kancane kancane abuyele amagama.

Ithuna nombhali "Ehlasela ..."

On Vagankovsky emathuneni yithuna we umsunguli we ihlelo, noma njengoba besho, "archetypal" isebenza yokudweba Russian. umsebenzi edumile ethi "Ehlasela Ingabe Ufike" ukwazi namanje esikoleni. Nokho kancane eyaziwa isiphetho edabukisayo kumdlali.

U-Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov - omunye wabasunguli be-Association of nemibukiso abajikelezayo, umpendi ekhaliphile uthisha. Maye, eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe ayihlala ubumpofu. ezibuhlungu ezamehlela ngawo umculi wayengasenakukwazi ukubekezelela, utshwala, kanye nesidingo njalo kuye kwaholela iqiniso lokuthi wayengumuntu eyedwa, ukhohliwe futhi iyagula. Wafela esibhedlela eMoscow abampofu.

Ekuqaleni, ethuneni lakhe Uthwesé engu- eshibhe lokhuni kanye nombhalo oqoshwe kulo ku- nesizotha lifundeka kanje: "Academician Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov. Wazalelwa Meyi 12, 1830, washona ngo-September 26, 1897 ". Amabhodi esiphambanweni ibolile futhi uqulekile ukuphela wanyamalala, futhi esikhundleni yokungcwaba umdwebi omkhulu elahliwe futhi iminyaka eminingi.

Nokho, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi waloba amazwi kaJehova ayisiprofetho ka-Isaka Levitan Savrasov: "Ungabi omunye ejulile abaculi Russian ... Ne isosha esihlatshelelwayo Savrasov uvele yokudweba namathafa uthando olungenamkhawulo for ezweni lawo ... nokuthi ngenxa yokufaneleka kwalo undoubted emkhakheni nobuciko Russian neze it ziyolibaleka. "

Namuhla ithuna lakhe ngesikhathi emathuneni Vagankovsky kuhlobisa a Obelisk egwadle okudweba nombhalo othi laconic: ". Evelele umculi Russian Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov, 1830-1897"

indlela Kugcine Melpomene izinceku

Uhlu osaziwayo wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky umxhwele. Kuyindida kodwa yamathuna, eyabonakala ngenxa kwezinhlekelele ezinkulu emlandweni isimo, liye laba yindawo ozithandayo Izıhlabane yokungcwaba yaseshashalazini kanye cinema, abenzi mafilimu, abaculi kanye abaqambi.

Ngokusho yetinsita isiko yokungcwaba abantu lapha mkhakha esebenza imukile omunye imeya eMoscow, lo mthetho lapho waphathiswa inkatho abantu bangcwabe Vagankovsky. Mhlawumbe ngoba kwaba emathuneni ngobukhulu futhi kwaba ezisheshayo futhi ezilula ezingasetshenziswa, okuyinto kunciphisa nezindleko ngezindleko zomngcwabo, eyaqala ngokuvamile ngezindleko umphakathi. Nokho, kukhona esinye nje kwaqondana engaqondakali: kwaba kusayithi ngekusasa lophiko yamathuna ekhulwini le-17 ixazululwe jesters futhi buffoons.

Namuhla inani abadlali ozithandayo, abahlabeleli, uhlezi lapha, kunzima ukukhomba. Abalingisi wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky babe izithombe isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwayo, futhi inkazimulo eziningi alilitshelwe kuze kube manje.

Emnyango kumi yeqhwa ezimhlophe, isikhumbuzo in isitayela constructivism engcwabeni Aleksandra Abdulova. Itshe lesikhumbuzo yasekuqaleni, isikhumbuzo e filmstrip ozimele okusikhumbuza kahle ithandiwe Michael Pugovkin. Ngokushesha eduze kwethuna we "ubhedu emhlabeni, Watson" Vitaly Solomin. Abalingisi Andrei Mironov, Oleg Dal, leonid filatov, abaqondisi Stanislav Rostockiy futhi Grigoriy Chuhray, umbhali lokudlalwayo, wemidlalo futhi satirist UGrigory Gorin. Musa ubale wonke umuntu wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky we osaziwayo ngubani ziye zayibeka induku empucukweni Russian futhi izwe. Ngezansi wuhlu (anisoze ephelele, yebo, engashiwongo embhalweni osaziwayo)

• Aksonov Vasily - umbhali.
• Alov Aleksandr - umqondisi.
• Bogatyrov Yury - umlingisi.
• Braginskiy Emil - wemidlalo.
• Burkov Georgy - umlingisi.
• Balter Alla - umdlali waseshashalazini.
• Vitsin George - umlingisi.
• Voroshilov uVladimir - ehola.
• Spiridonov Vadim - umlingisi.
• Garin Erast - umlingisi.
• Glebov Peter - umlingisi.
• Gluzsky Michael - umlingisi.
• Dvorzhetsky Eugene - umlingisi.
• Kaverin Veniamin - umbhali.
• umlingisi - Kononov Mihail.
• Levtova Marina - umdlali waseshashalazini.
• Liepa Maris - umdansi.
• Vlad ishiya - intatheli.
• umqambi - Migulya uVladimir.
• Rozov Viktor - bemidlalo.
• Rostockiy Andrei - Umlingisi.
• Sazonova Nina - umdlali waseshashalazini.
• umlingisi - Samoylov uVladimir.
• Samoylov Evgeny - umlingisi.
• Streltsov Eduard - umsubathi.
• Imbongi - Tanich Mihail.
• Tulikov uSeraphim - umqambi.
• Fodorova Zoya - umdlali waseshashalazini.
• Haritonov leonid - umlingisi.
• Chekan Stanislav - umlingisi.
• Chukhray Gregory - filmmaker.
• Yumatov George - umlingisi.
• Yashin Lev - umsubathi.

Amabili amathuna ubuhlakani

Kukhona lesikhumbuzo of Vsevolod Meyerhold. Yize ukuphila umqondisi, isiphetho ithuna lakhe. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, izimo kanye nendawo Meyerhold nokufa zazigcinwa ziyimfihlo. ngo-1987 kuphela yabe seyaziwa yakhe yangempela ngengcwaba emathuneni ngesikhathi Donskoy Monastery. Itshe eyenziwe ngetshe elimnyama ne Meyerhold laligxile ithuna umkakhe kabuhlungu ongasekho Zinaidy Rayh iminyaka engu-20 ngaphambi kokutholakala endaweni yokungcwaba le wezinguquko yaseshashalazini oqondisa.

"Galia Weqiniso"

On Vagankovsky emathuneni ungcwatshwe imbongi Sergei Yesenin. ukuphila eliyisihlubuki ngokufa okudabukisayo genius abasha zezinkondlo yabakhanga endaweni yokuphumula abalandeli bakhe kanye abayithandayo. Alas, ithuna Sergeya esenina uba nedumela elibi. Noma ngokudayisa, eqoshwe yokuhlala ebhkisini lama ezimhlophe zemabula noma egwadle plinth, sizungezwe izimbali, angeze sasula amaqiniso abuhlungu nomlando walo ecabangela ukungcwatshwa kwami. Enye legend emathuneni ekutshela ukuthi ebusuku eduze kwethuna livela ghost ngentokazi.

"Inani labantu abazibulalayo lapha, nakuba Ngiyazi ukuthi ngemva ukuthi izinja ngaphezulu bayaqhubeka bephila esenina. Kodwa yena Angikhathali. Kulesi ithuna wonke othandekayo kakhulu kimi ... ".

Mhlawumbe ngesisekelo nganekwane walala isiphetho esidabukisayo umngane wakhe kanye nomsizi Galina Benislavskoy. Ngemva konyaka ukufa imbongi sika, afike adubula yena ku ethuneni lakhe, kokushiya abadumile ukuzibulala inothi. Kusekelwe khona lapho, eduze lesithombe sakhe. Umbhalo kuqala ethuneni nesizotha, "Galya Weqiniso" ngokunembile kakhulu ibonisa okushiwo imizwa yayo Yesenin futhi inselele, ubuhlobo egcwele idrama. Nokho, ipuleti manje ezimhlophe lihlotshiswe ngogubhu eside izincwadi imbongi yakhe: "Galya, othandekayo wami! Ngiyaphinda ngithi kuwe ukuthi niyithanda ngempela, wawumnandi kakhulu kimi. Futhi ingabe uyazi ukuthi ngaphandle kwakho iqhaza empilweni yami kungaba kakhulu sorry kakhulu. "

Uchungechunge abazibulalayo ezalandela phezu kwedlinza wasibekela indawo florom Ukumiselwa ezithusayo le "exokozelayo eMoscow 'nosizi. Sekukonke kukhona abazibulalayo zabantu 12 - bonke abesifazane.

Idols abayizigidi ezingu

Yini osaziwayo wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky nalokho izindaba nama-legends ukugoqa kokufa kwabo indawo yokungcwaba, kunzima ukubala. Ithuna Vladimira Semonovicha Vysotskogo kwaba okufanayo. Nasi isikhumbuzo artsy okubonisa umculi othandekayo umlingisi bayaxoxa, ukukhathazeka njengoba kwakunjalo ukuphila. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - isithombe, ngakolunye - isikhumbuzo of allegory, okuyinto eyaba leitmotif komugqa umculi ingoma eliyisiprofetho 'Coney fastidious ". Ezidabukisayo, lesikhumbuzo eziyinqaba. Abazibonele emngcwabeni Vysotsky kushiwo nokuthi umfelokazi waso, Marina Vlady wakhala lapho ebona lethuna, wambiza isibonelo ugly okwangempela sezenhlalo.

Vysotsky bokungamele ukuthola indawo yokugcina ihlezi Ilungiselelo eliyinhloko. Iziphathimandla, wanikwa indawo ekhoneni kude. Nokho, isiphetho wangenela umuntu Vagankovsky emathuneni, a Admirer olukhulu uVladimir Semenovich. Nguye yedwa lesi umngcwabo endaweni engenalutho emnyango, lapho umculi uhlezi namuhla.

Isizotha nokuhluzeka ngobufushane lethuna ezahlukene omunye Bard okukhulu. Bulat Okudzhava futhi wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky. Itshe lethuna ngesimo idwala elikhulu nge umbhalo oqoshiwe eyinkimbinkimbi kwenziwa - igama nomqambi wezingoma. Lokhu lethuna Kungashiwo kufanele kubhekwe isibonelo omangalisayo ubuciko Minimalism.

Omunye amathuna ambalwa namanje ugcwele izimbali, enomnikazi Igoryu Talkovu. Enye Thixo ezigidi, eziye zafa kabuhlungu esemncane. Futhi ukufa kwakhe ligubuzelwe imfihlakalo, amahemuhemu legends, kanye amaningi amandulela, ngubani bafihlwe emathuneni Vagankovsky. Izithombe avela kuye lo oculayo in the luhlaka nge pediment sokhuni oqoshiwe, kepha efaniswe eqhugwaneni isiRashiya, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi nokuntula nemiklamo ka carnations kanye roses. itshe lethuna Ngokusobala lihlotshiswe ku isitayela neo-yobuqaba Slavic. Esisekelweni black imele esiphambanweni omkhulu wazenza ngethusi, ebusweni okuyinto lihlotshiswe Cyrillic ligature, futhi ngasesinqeni se-gilt isinyathelo eyaholela umusho odumile "Futhi anqotshiwe empini, Ngizosuka ukucula ...".

Ngesikhathi ithuna Igorya Talkova njengoba ngasethuneni Sergeya esenina kwakungasekho imizamo yokuzibulala. Ngenhlanhla, kulesi simo ihlulekile ukuvimbela ukuzibulala bese ugcine abalandeli ukubuyisa.

Ngobani abangcwele wangcwatshwa emathuneni Vagankovsky?

Kukhona le ethuneni yamathuna ekhethekile omkhulu. Eceleni kwabo njalo aminyene, woza lapha esekude ngomthandazo icele usizo. Enye yalezi emathuneni basonta uyise Valentin. Nakuba ngokusemthethweni akazange abagcotshwa, abantu bakholelwa ngobuqotho e umkhulumeli futhi ukholwa ethuneni eyisimangaliso.

Ubaba Valentin esikhathini sakhe yayaziwa nesimo sakhe esihle, inhliziyo evulekile ophanayo. Kuvulwe kuye ukuze bathole usizo abampofu izintandane, abafelokazi kanye abangenamakhaya. Umpristi wathatha isithakazelo esiqotho isiphetho zonke ababefuna isivikelo sakhe nokusekelwa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi indawo eqondile kayise yokungcwaba Valentin engaziwa. Umpristi wafa ngo-1908, futhi 20s zeziyaluyalu ithuna lakhe uzambulala ukuyeka uhambo. Ngo-1941, bemba kusolwa indawo yokungcwaba abuthole izinsalela. Kukholakala ukuthi nenze intando kayise Valentine, wembelwa amamitha amabili lishonile kunesikhumba senziwa ukungcwaba efile.

Namuhla, endaweni kufanele yokuphumula ye Baba ongcwele ezimbili nje ngendaba yesiphambano, nje imitha kude nomunye. White, itshe, umzukulu setha yomfundisi, yesibili, ukhuni, ayakhiwe ngu-pilgrim. Lapho izinto zihambe inkolelo ukuthi lapha, sibukela kwamathuna olusemthethweni, amanga izinsalela uyise Valentine. Bobabili kweqa izimbali, amakhandlela ahlala ulayini encenga usizo nasekubongeni umkhulumeli.