Tunguska (umfula): Incazelo

Esikhathini Ekude eRussia phakathi nemifula yalo eminingi, luhlanganise indawo enkulu, ecebile izipho zemvelo, ezivulekile, kukhona Akumangalisi ehlanzekile emfuleni enhle Tunguska. Kuyinto owumthelela kwesokunxele Amur.

Lokho-ke wakha umngcele phakathi eKhabarovsk Territory kanye Jewish Autonomous Region, ngokulandelana, elise ngakwesokunxele namabhange kwesokudla.

Uhlolojikelele

Kukhona kulezi imiphetho amahle ngokumangalisayo Stony Tunguska - umfula, emelela omunye amapharele elincane umgexo elihle eziningi ezikhangayo zemvelo eSiberia.

Tungus eziphilayo ende nesikhathi omkhulu endaweni yeSiberia East, ngo-1931, waziwa ngokuthi Evenki. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi osebeni lomfula we Yenisei kusukela e-Arctic Ocean lize lifike emngceleni ne China amakhulu eminyaka buphele Tungus, kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi kukhona okuningi emifuleni ngokuthi Tunguska. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange eziyisikhombisa.

Futhi ke kukhona 4 emifuleni egameni lapho zikhona tichasiso agcwele kubo: p. Stony Tunguska emfuleni Tunguska engenhla futhi ezimbili aphansi (omunye wabo igama endala emfuleni. Angara). Kukhona endaweni eseningizimu Central laseSiberia Plateau esifundeni zemvelo ngokuthi Tunguska. Krasnoyarsk sezindiza futhi iqanjwe - ". Stony Tunguska" ngokuthi "Tunguska" kuyinto zithandwa kakhulu.

emfuleni Harateristiki

Ubude emfuleni - 86 amakhilomitha, nomcengezi endaweni ayizinkulungwane 30,2 sq km.. Yesilinganiso yansuku zonke amanzi ukusetshenziswa 408 m³. Ogwini izimbuku kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukufinyelela emfuleni kunzima kakhulu.

Misa-up kwenzekani lapha kusukela November kuya April.

Umthombo kanye esizalweni somfula

Tunguska egeleza ngokusebenzisa Lower Amur elisezansi ezakhiwe Fusion 2 emifuleni Kur futhi Urmi. Kusukela umsuka emfuleni Tunguska Urmi ubude 544 amakhilomitha, futhi evela emithonjeni lomfula Kur - 434 amakhilomitha.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu olunzulu ukuqonda izinhlobo umfula, okuyinto kungathi izinkulungwane ezimbili amachibi akha endaweni ingqikithi 80 sq. killometrov.

ukudla

Imifula Kur futhi Urmi ukuletha ngobuningi amanzi e Tunguska. Advantageously, inamandla imvula. Ngaphakathi abakule ndawo okuthathwe kuyo lomfula ebusika ngokuvamile uwela lingani kakhulu futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu amanzi entwasahlobo kancane.

Kwenqwaba yama-akhawunti uzamcolo ngesikhathi yezimvula ehlobo. Ngezinye amakhilomitha 37 emlonyeni kwekulu amanzi ukugeleza isilinganiso - 5100 m³ ngelanga, ephansi - 7.3 m³ ngelanga, kanti isilinganiso yonyaka amanzi ukusetshenziswa - 380 cubic metres. m. ngosuku.

Lower Tunguska River

Ububanzi emfuleni. Lower Tunguska e Tura emzaneni ifinyelela 390 amamitha. Kochechum emfuleni lapho ihlangabezana emikhonweni ihlukaniswe ezimbili nge ububanzi 340 kanye 380 amamitha. isiqhingi esikhulu uvele phakathi kwazo. Kancane ngezansi confluence kwemifula emikhulu emibili i-Lower Tunguska ububanzi ifinyelela 520 amamitha.

Lomfula unothile kakhulu inhlanzi. Sekukonke kutholakala zinhlobo mayelana ezimbili kweshumi. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo - trout, perch, whitefish, Grayling, peled, Pike futhi roach (roach). Izinhlanzi lapha likhulu kakhulu, isibonelo, kungenzeka ukubamba Pike enesisindo mayelana 12 khilogremu, futhi trout - futhi ezingaphezu kuka-10 kilograms.

Isimilo emfuleni

Tunguska (umfula) - ke okusheshayo, esinamandla futhi esigcwele esilazayo emanzini amaningi. Wakhe amawa anesihlabathi-detrital eyayihambisana amabhishi enamadwala. Phansi emfuleni enamadwala, embozwe isihlabathi indawo futhi amatshe. Amanzi kulo nemingenela yayo okuhlanzekile tint grey-ogqamile.

I ukushuba we ice ngoJanuwari ifinyelela imitha elilodwa, futhi nqabela-up iqala ekuqaleni kuka-October. Lapho uqweqwe lukashukela, kusukela ngo-May, lapho umfula zinkulu isiminyaminya ice amabhlogo, ngakhoke inundation ka floodplains futhi izindawo kwamanye amadolobha.

Ukufika Lower Tunguska River - umfula nge ezithakazelisayo futhi kumnandi igama Eyka. Kukhona nemingenela eziningana ren kancane ezithakazelisayo: Nepal, North, Ilimpeya River, anti, Uchami, Vivi, nokuningi. et al.

Tour nezakhamuzi zawo

amahlathi aminyene ehlathini enyakatho azungeze umuzi okuthiwa Tour. Kuye kukhona imigwaqo itholakala kuphela izimoto nge cross okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kusukela kwamanye amadolobha nezifunda lapha engafinyelelwa kuphela ngendiza enophephela emhlane noma indiza esuka Krasnoyarsk, kanti ezinye amadolobha esifundeni. Settlement ongafinyelela futhi esikebheni futhi esikebheni of Yenissei, ngivuka ngokusebenzisa amanzi ukwehlisa Tunguska.

Tour iyinhloko-dolobha ye Evenkia. Ngokuvamile ayeke izivakashi obheke enyakatho, lapho kukhona izithakazelo zonke ithafa Putora, kanye nendawo lapho abadumile Tunguska meteorite wawa.

Tunguska - umfula, okuyinto wakhethwa eziningi izivakashi-semishayweni. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba i uhlobo ezinjalo ezixakile iholidi ubhekwa nenyanga ka-August. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izihambi ezidlulayo injabulo waxhumana embonini yezokudoba, Kuyintokozo enkulu kulezi zindawo.

Life edolobhaneni Tour incike imifula egeleza eseduze. Lower Tunguska kuyinto umbhidisi izimpahla eziningi izakhamuzi zendawo of nasemadolobhaneni angasogwini nemizana. Futhi, umfula wathutha izakhamizi nemizana onqenqemeni.
Umsebenzi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izakhamuzi Tours kuyinto ukudoba kanye berry ukukha ehlobo. Izinhlanzi bona ukupheka bona futhi ukudayiswa.

Ogwini lomfula, azikho amabhizinisi zezimboni, yona evame ukuqonda isici alahle amanzi ezimbonini, echaza le yobuningi bezinhlanzi emfuleni, futhi ezinkulu.

ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

Tunguska - umfula, imikhumbi cishe bonke ubude bayo yonke. Ngo amanzi awo ngaphambilini ekhiqizwa ingxubevange lemiqulu emikhulu izingodo kuze 1990.

Ngokusebenzisa Tunguska amabhuloho umgwaqo ingalungisiwe, kodwa kukhona kujantshi kwi - "Komsomolsk-on-Amur -. Volochaevka-2"

Tunguska, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, ecebile kakhulu inhlanzi. In autumn it is zidala chum.

isiphetho

Akukona nje kuphela amanzi omfula abacebile izilwane zasendle, kodwa futhi izimila osebeni lomfula, kakhulu, akuzona esingaphansi ahlukahlukene futhi yinhle. Ngaphesheya komfula yasebhange obuphelele amahlozi untrodden amahlathi aminyene AmaConifers. Lapha sikhule uphayini, larch, sonwele nemisedari laseSiberia. Ungahlangana nge Alder birch kanye mountain ash ne cherry. esifundeni esinothile ezihlukahlukene esihlwabusayo futhi ewusizo amajikijolo: currants omnyama abomvu, lingonberry, cranberry, cloudberry futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ekuphetheni, siphawula ukuthi ubizwa ngokuthi i-Lower Tunguska River esigayegayeni adumile: ngakho walaliswa okuthiwa umbhali Vyacheslav Shishkov e inoveli yakhe edumile of the gama elifanayo.