TRIZ enkulisa. TRIZ ubuchwepheshe enkulisa. uhlelo TRIZ

"Akukho lutho kulula edlula ukufunda into ezithakazelisayo," - la mazwi ashiwo usosayensi odumile Albertu Eynshteynu, indoda ejwayele nicabanga owokuqala engavamile. Nokho, namuhla, ngempela abafundi abambalwa ukuthola inqubo yokufunda into mnandi, futhi, ngeshwa, lokhu antipathy wabonakaliswa zisencane ingane. Yini bafundzisi batawudzinga kutsi babukane ukuze unqobe onokuqundeka inqubo yemfundo? Kusese enkulisa ukusiza izingane zikhula ukucabanga umuntu? Abafundisi nezazi eziningi bafunde kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo siqu ukuthi TRIZ uhlelo - Theory ka Inkinga sokusungula ukuxazulula - buyindlela ephumelelayo ukufezekisa lezi zinjongo. Kuyini essence yayo? Ngo umkhuba, ungasebenzisa le ndlela enkulisa?

Umqondo oyisisekelo amasu

Ekuqaleni 'uGenrich Altshuller athuthukile bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe ikhambi zezinkinga wobuterhiniki. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimiso eziyisisekelo, futhi wathuthela pedagogy, unyaka ngamunye ukuthola abalandeli abasha. TRIZ uhlelo e emfundweni yezingane - kuba usizo olukhulu ingane ukuthola isixazululo esingcono kakhulu yenkinga noma isimo. Isimiso yilesi: "Kunenkinga - Xazulula ngokwakho", kodwa ngokwenza amaphutha, futhi ukucabanga algorithm, okuholela ingane ukuba ikhambi elingcono.

Ngokungafani izindlela ezivamile nokufundisa

pedagogy Classical usikisela ukuthi ingane umane amakhophi noma ulingisa isenzo uthisha.

Ngokwe pedagogy zentuthuko, izinyane has a lot of inkululeko ukuzicabangela, kodwa futhi isinqumo ukhiye ezandleni uthisha. Thina sifanekise kulezi zindlela njengesibonelo.

Ake sithi sabaqalayo zonke izingane lendebe efanayo. kanjani amkhumbule? Indlelanchubo yekusebentisa classical: utitjhere abanikela ngamunye ngamunye ilebula glues ku inkomishi yakhe wacela izingane ukuphinda lesi senzo. TRIZ enkulisa kuyoba kanje: ukugqugquzela umntwana ukuba akhuphuke thola umehluko sendebe yabo. Lokhu kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe? Mhlawumbe. Nokho, umcabango wengane kungathinta okwakhe yayo futhi ofuna ukuphumela obala, futhi kuyoba wakhe siqu ngezinqumo azenza unolwazi.

Ngokoqobo we enkulisa

Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo ngempumelelo TRIZ enkulisa, uthisha kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle imiqondo ezifana isimiso ukuphikisana, ukusetshenziswa yonke imithombo, ekahle umphumela wokugcina nokunye. Nokho, asikho isidingo izingane zasenkulisa yobudala ukupenda arsenal lobuchwepheshe TRIZ - kungcono ukuba umkhuba kancane ngaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ingane kungcono ithoyizi eliphukile. Ukusebenzisa isimiso ukuphikisana, kungenzeka ucacise ukuthi yinhle yini noma yimbi. Cishe, impendulo "okubi." Khona-ke kuziwa phakathi force ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo bokusungula: kanjani ingasetshenziswa okwamanje? Ngenxa yokuma? Noma ingabe supermashinka ukuthi ungakwazi ukugibela ngamasondo amathathu?

Isibonelo izindlela isicelo enkulisa

amasu TRIZ enkulisa akudingi isikhathi esabelwe ngokukhethekile - kungcono indaba yokucabanga nisondele izingane. Ngokwesibonelo, ukufunda nezingane zabo uhlobo oluthile inganekwane, kungenzeka ukuhlaziya isu protagonist.

Uma siphendukela zakudala nursery nemvumelwano mayelana inkunzi ngubani "ebhodini uphela, Manje ngiwa", ungakwazi bakhuthaze izingane zabo ukuba uhlaziya le mibuzo elandelayo: ungasiza kanjani goby angawi? Makahambe ayeke. Kodwa lapho efuna ukuya phambili, yini okufanele uyenze? Beka esinye dostochku nokunye. Into esemqoka akukona ukwenza izinqumo esikhundleni sengane umfundise ukucabanga futhi sihlaziye isimo ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi ngokuya kahle. TRIZ ubuchwepheshe enkulisa anganika injabulo eziyisa kuthisha.

Ngakho, uma kakade aphefumulelwe ngakho alangazelela nokubonakalisa nge ezigcemeni zabo, bese ufunda izihloko ezilandelayo ngokucophelela.

ukusetshenziswa ngobuciko TRIZ enkulisa

1. Melana nesifiso abathethise abuye achaze isimo inikezwe isikhathi eside. Uma ingane ayiqondi ukuthi yini ufuna kusuka kuye, kubalulekile ukuhambisa ngokushesha le ngxoxo, ngesinye isikhathi noma ukhetha ukungabuthinti nhlobo ukuba babuyele kuye.
2. Ungacindezeli phezu ingane ngamazwi efana "okuzayo maduzane", "uzicabangele wena", "lokhu akulungile." enkulisa TRIZ ubuchwepheshe kusho ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-mbono futhi ifanele ukuba siyicabangele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane ifunda ukucabanga kancane kancane, futhi umsebenzi uthisha - ukusiza, hhayi ukuphoqa.
3. Ungakhohlwa udumo. Yiqiniso, kumelwe kube qotho futhi eziqondile. Ake ingane izizwa unethemba lokukhulumisana futhi uzwakalisa imibono yakhe kwakwakhiwa kakhulu.
4. Yakhela ulwazi nemiqondo lapho umntwana ngokuqephuza. Ukwakha uchungechunge imicabango ukuthi kudingeka kube fully aware of ngale nkinga futhi simo.

Ukuba kakade leli qiniso eliyisisekelo lokho TRIZ indlela enkulisa, futhi ukukhumbula lezi amathiphu, ungakwazi kalula wenze eminye imidlalo. Abenzi kuphela njengabantwana, kodwa futhi embethe lonke ithiyori ibe yinto engokoqobo.

Othile ohlala teremochke?

Inhloso: ukufundisa element ingane yokuhlaziya, ntombazane kuye ukuqaphela izimpawu ezivamile uma uziqhathanisa naye.

Udinga: izithombe colorful bezinto ezihlukahlukeneko, ezifana ipheya, ukusingatha, indlu, isikhwama, imbiza, imbali nokunye. Ungenza alinalutho noma ukubenza nezingane. Ukuze attics ekahle ibhokisi esikhulu noma iKhabhinethi - umcabango zezingane uyowatshela konke.

Isingeniso: ukhumbule nezingane inganekwane "Teremok" futhi unikele ukudlala ngendlela kwenziwa ezweni Changeling.

Inkambo umdlalo: ingane ngayinye ene-amehlo akhe uvaliwe ukudansela isiginci sakhe umdwebo wakhe bese ukudlala into ngesineke. Inkosi ukukhethela attics aphethe - Changeling King, owanibizela abangane bakhe edilini. Abalingiswa bashintshane oza Towers. Eyokuqala ngokuvakashela ucela

- Knock, knock, ngubani teremochke izimpilo?

- I - ... (izingcingo, isibonelo, imbali). Futhi nina ningobani na?

- I - ... (izingcingo, isibonelo, ipheya). Ngivumele Mansion?

- Pushcha, uma uthi, ukuthi ubukeka kanjani kimi.

Guest siqhathanise ngokucophelela izithombe ezimbili futhi amagama atholakala amaphuzu ezivamile. Ngokwesibonelo, kungashiwo ukuthi le mbali, futhi eliphakathi kwe yini igatsha. Ngemva kwalokho kufika umhlanganyeli wokuqala kule Mansion, kodwa umnikazi isivele ongqongqozayo isivakashi esilandelayo. Kubalulekile ukugcina wobungane: uma umuntu akakwazi ukuphendula, bese ubasiza kwezinye izingane.

"Masha-rasteryasha"

Inhloso: Ukuqeqesha focus, ikhono lokubona zonke izinsiza ezidingekayo.

Ngaphambi umdlalo, kubalulekile ukuba nifaka tincenye TRIZ. Ngo enkulisa, akunzima ukwenza, ngoba amehlo ingane inikezwa okunhlobonhlobo izifundo. Omunye angase abuze, Ukudlulisela ukukho into: "Kungasizathu sini lesi sitsha lapho umnyango lapho lokhu umcamelo?"

Isingeniso: ukutshela izingane ngabantu ngingekho ovulekile futhi abayizikhohlwa ngubani badidekile futhi abaqiniseki ukhohlwe (ungakhohlwa okukhiphayo zemfundo). Bese ubuza: ubani ofuna ukusiza Masham-rasteryasha? Umdlalo olandelayo kungaba kwenziwe ngezindlela ezimbili, ngokuthi oyifunayo.

1. Ukuhola kuyinto Masha. Lokubona kokuqalaza, uthi:

- Oh!

- Kwenzekeni?

- Ngilahlekelwe (ngokuthi into, ezifana spoon). Ngisuke Kuzofanele isobho (noma shayela noma iziphi ezinye izinyathelo)?

wabeluleki Ngozwela sebeqala ukunikela izixazululo zabo siqu inkinga: ungathatha inkomishi aphuze yushku bese ibhaxa ukudla noma yini enye, nokunye ..

2. Ukuthuthukiswa yomdlalo kuyafana yokuqala, kodwa indima Masha-rasteryasha enze izingane ezahlukene, hhayi nje ehola. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye okuhlongozwayo ehlukile kangcono into elahlekile, nguye Masha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi bonke abahlanganyeli kule mdlalo.

Indima umdlalo kwengane

Kuyinto izibonelo ezimbili nje ezibonisa izindlela eziphumelelayo indlela TRIZ enkulisa. Imidlalo, yebo, kungaba zahlukahlukene kakhulu, ngoba uthisha inkululeko ephelele umcabango. Kodwa uma kokuthile sokuqala awamahle, akusiwona isizathu sokulahla ithemba. Game zokuthuthukiswa izingane ezineminyaka engu-3 kuya ku-7 kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ingane yakhe ilingisa ezizungezile izindima zayo nabantu, ngakho kufanele sizame ukuba ufunde indlela okuhlangana ngayo ubuchwepheshe umdlalo TRIZ. lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi, kholwa yimi, isikhathi yi kuwufanele enkulisa.

Ngasiphi yobudala ukuqala

imithetho eqinile kanye imikhawulo ethile kule ndaba. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kusukela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwakhe, ingane iqala basingathe lezi zimo lokho nje zidinga ukuba uthole izixazululo. Mhlawumbe abaningi bethu baye ofakazi noma ababambiqhaza kule ngxoxo:

- Umama, ukukhanya!

- Olya, esihlalweni!

Lokho TRIZ. Nakuba Yiqiniso, ukuthi umama kulesi simo wayezazi okuyinto indlela manje ziyasetshenziswa. Wavele esesizile ingane ukuxazulula inkinga, okwamshukumisela ukuba ucabange futhi ukusebenzisa bonke izinsiza ezikhona kuye.

Okwakubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukusebenzisa TRIZ ubuchwepheshe enkulisa, lapho izingane bekwi befundisa futhi uthisha. Yiqiniso, impumelelo ngamunye uzoba bebodwa: kwabanye izingane uthole sculpt kangcono, hhayi draw, elinye - kunalokho. Nokho, kokubili kube nethonya elihle ekukhuleni yayo. Ngokufanayo, TRIZ ubuchwepheshe noma kunjalo uzoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni nangokwengqondo wengane futhi ukucabanga. Ngakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kokuqina?

Ithonya amasu ngohlobo kwezwe wengane

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-zasenkulisa, ingane ongakabi kwakhiwa yalelozwe. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sigaba, indima TRIZ enkulisa ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga kohlaziyo nokuqhathanisa, ikhono ukuthola izixazululo kungenzeka futhi ukhethe the best.

Kodwa esikhathini esizayo lokhu kuqeqeshwa uyomenzela umcabango cabanga nje umuntu, futhi umuntu uyakwazi njalo ukuthuthukisa. Lena akuyona umuntu ezimfushane elibi owakha unikela futhi walahlekelwa sibhekene nobunzima. Cha, engqondweni ukuthi ibona esidlule iziphetho ezingafanele nemibono, kodwa uqhubekela phambili ngokuqiniseka. Le mfanelo ngakho igugu emphakathini wanamuhla. Igoli ngamakhasimende umuntu ubone uma phambi ekhoneni zibuthuntu ihlaziye, uyaqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayesezwile ngokwakwehlele ngebumba nofana iphepha, futhi ukuyinqoba ngokuchitha amabutho ezengeziwe.

Ukukhetha zonke

Yiqiniso, wonke umzali noma uthisha yena ngeke anqume indlela yokubhekana nazo izingane. Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyasiza ukucabanga mayelana: yini ngifuna ukubona ingane yakho noma ezigcemeni enginikwe zona? Uma zonke izifiso kanye imizamo ukuthumela kuphela into ukuze ivumelane nezidingo ezingokomzimba unikeze ubuncane isizinda solwazi ke ikhule ke ngicabanga futhi ubuntu enemisebenzi? Kule nkathi befuna futhi okuhlale kuphuthuma kwenza umuntu ngesinye isikhathi kunzima ukufunda okuthile okusha, kodwa umphumela kuwufanele umzamo! Kunoma ikuphi, ukuvelela egqumeni iqala nge isinyathelo sokuqala. Futhi ubani owazi ukuthi amathuba ezifihliwe futhi ezingaba ezinkulukazi angavulwa uqobo, usebenzisa TRIZ? Into esemqoka - ungesabi udilize eyeqisayo yokufundisa ukubheka izindlela ezintsha. Yiqiniso, ikhono elihle lokufundisa akubi umuntu, kodwa sizama lo mgomo kungaba njalo!