Sukuma - kumnandi. Kuyini ukuma-up?

abalandeli akhe izinhlobo ezahlukene amahlaya, kodwa ngubani ayithandi Clowns, abazi ugqozi sitcoms. Mhlawumbe indlela ekahle ukuhleka noma uzame ngokwakho indima okuhlekisayo kuyoba sokumelela-up. Lokhu amahlaya, okuyinto aludingi umhlobiso, ukuqoqwa qembu abaculi. Udinga nje kuphela indaba ehlekisayo izethameli.

Umsuka uhlobo

Ngokuvamile, imisuka ume-up ubizwa ngokuthi lo mkhuba parrhesia. Leli gama lesiGreki, lokusho kutsi simo sakhe usike a Iqiniso elimsulwa, ngaphandle kucatshangelwa tindvuna nebantfu abanethonya, okuyinto yenzelwa imicibisholo ukugxeka. Ngakho Parrhesia ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla wayengafana inkulumo ngokuphelele khulula, okungadingi sikunqobe impoqo, intshisekelo yezimali, kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye izindlela ingcindezi. Ngamanye amazwi, ngezinye izikhathi ukugxekwa ngempela abukhali eyenziwe ukungabi nakwenzeka isikhulumi kodwa nithule.

Kusukela ngekhulu XIX, e-United Kingdom zithandwa umculo amahholo, lapho phakathi ukusebenza singers and abadansi enze osomahlaya ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto monologues. Yokutholwa engxenyeni kwekhulu XX yesibili, umthetho waqeda ukucwaninga yeshashalazi, abavumele ukuba ukukhuluma ngezinto eziningi, kodwa amahholo umculo ngokushesha wakhala yokuma lavela emisakazweni nakumathelevishini. Sukuma ngesikhathi esifanayo nje bathuthela kwamanye amaqembu, futhi kwaba nomthelela ukuthandwa kwakhe.

Okwamanje, Classic ukuma-up - a ukusebenza lapho nosomahlaya ngendlela freestyle kungaba bahlekise iyiphi izenzakalo zanamuhla, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi ebuka "izinkomo engcwele". Kuleli fomu, waqala ukuthuthukisa e-United States kusukela ngo-1970 futhi eyathandwa kakhulu.

Akwaziwa osomahlaya ukuma-up

Uma kubhekwa njengendlela ezweni of uhlobo kuyinto e-United States, waba umsunguli Mark Tven. Umlobi emangalisayo, satirist futhi humorist, wayehileleka hhayi kuphela ezincwadini. inkulumo yakhe e-San Francisco ngo-1866 waba impumelelo enkulu futhi efakiwe ezifana amahlaya elikhazimulayo, okuyinto wonke umfundi ukulikhokhela idola ukuze ilungelo khona.

Vudi Allen, Richard Pryor futhi Lenni Bryus - laba bantu wanika standup impilo entsha. Dzhordzh Karlin wenza kuze kube manje, nezindlu ezigcwele, njalo uphosa ukuthukwa yesehlakalo ukuthi isilaleli ongenalwazi abayithandi. Kodwa sithi ukuma-up - kungcono kuphela uhlobo entshonalanga?

Zadornov, Zhvanetskiy, Viola, evdokimov nokunye namaSewula satirists abanamakhono wakwazi ukukhuluma ngesikhathi ingqikithi ukucwaninga Soviet. Yiqiniso, kunzima benza amahlaya konke usesimweni esinjalo, futhi imibhalo kwadingeka "prichosyvat". Uma kuqhathaniswa US, kwaba khetho soft kakhulu.

Cijela ukuma-up amahlaya

Yini osomahlaya ihlaya manje? Ethandwa kakhulu indaba ephathwayo uhlala, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi "One Day." Ukwahlulela ngenani ngentukuthelo kithi kakhulu. Louis C.k., American nosomahlaya Uzalo Irish, ubumnandi ihlekisa izingane, ezincane ngokocansi, intsha owayephila kanye nasebekhulile, odokotela, abethuli, imfashini - konke. It kuvela kuba athambile kunamafutha ukuthi uGeorge Carlin, kungekho ezihlekisayo kancane. Sukuma - kuba uhlobo nesandla esivulekile kakhulu, kukhona izihloko kungekho ngokuqinile kuchazwa, okungase noma kungenzeka benza amahlaya.

Ngokwesibonelo, kwesimilo journalistic ziwumthwalo umbhali kwemingcele ethile. izidingo ukubekezelelana umane ungavumeli ukukhuluma kabi abantu besifazane, izingane, Afrika, amadoda alala namadoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intatheli ubophekile ukuba unike ulwazi inhloso kakhulu ngaphandle yombono womuntu siqu. nosomahlaya Sukuma nhlobo kusuka kunoma iyiphi nohlaka. Yiqiniso, uma inkulumo kuzokwenza abanolaka ukucasula umphakathi, izethameli ngeke uvote esikhwameni, kanye nokusebenza kwakhe nje ngeke uhambe.

Umugqa phakathi Improvisation kanye workpiece

Imisebenzi kule uhlobo ukuma-up ziphakamisa isabelo esithile Improvisation, ukuxhumana izilaleli, nakuba ukusebenza kunzima ukwakha kuso kuphela. Yiqiniso, Monologue ebhaliwe, asetshenziselwa amabhlogo nalutho, okuyinto, njengoba kwenziwa e-backbone, bayanda shutochki nemiyalezo. yamahlaya Good igxile ukusabela ihholo, ngakho umsebenzi ngisho ngifuna onezinkinga.

Isibonelo esikhulu Improvisation kungabonakala ifilimu "The Nutty Professor", hhayi ithuba lokuthi Eddi Merfi, yena wasebenza njengomfundisi eceleni uhlobo ubukeka kakhulu ngakho esigabeni wokuncintisana nokuguqulwa nge nosomahlaya sokweyisa futhi abukhali, abakha izinombolo zabo ku usulu olunzima ezisulwini ezisuke zizihambela nje izibukeli. Sukuma mayelana ukushiyeka abantu abahlukahlukene - esivundile kakhulu indaba ephathwayo, elikhulu kanye ongashi. Kodwa amahlaya kumane okukhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bilious futhi ize ngisho ithukuthele. Izibukeli uncamela ukhetho lokuqala.