Sodium hydroxide, impahla yayo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali:

Sodium hydroxide noma isiphuzo caustic - kwakwakhe wezinto okuyinto utfolakala kuluhlobo elisekela noma hydroxides. Futhi kule nqubo abese phesheya yalolu ketshezi ngokuthi soda caustic. Igama elijwayelekile - soda caustic - kwaba ngenxa senzo yayo eqinile ezonakalisayo.

Lokhu esiqinile white crystalline izidakamizwa kokuba hygroscopicity, encibilika at 328 degrees. Sodium hydroxide okubonakala kalula oncibilikayo emanzini futhi kuyinto electrolyte eqinile. Lapho dissociation ibhidliza ibe seka zensimbi ion hydroxide.

Lapho kuqedwa emanzini lwakha kwakwakhe esebenzayo - alikhali - anensipho bazizwa. Cishe le ndlela yokusabela wabe ngokushesha kakhulu - ne spray nokushisa. It hit caustic esikhunjeni kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kubangela ezinzima chemical ukusha, ngakho uma usebenza, kufanele uqaphele futhi bavikele izandla zakho namehlo. Ngemva ukuxhumana kuqinisa lokho epithelium noma amehlo, umlomo, kubalulekile ngokushesha njengoba kungenzeka ezindaweni ezithintekile sihlanzwe ngamanzi futhi isixazululo ezibuthakathaka acetic (2%) noma boron (3%) le acid, bese aphinde ngamanzi. Ngemuva kokunikeza i oluphuthumayo kuya izisulu zidinga ukuba aye kudokotela.

Sodium hydroxide (chemical formula kwakwakhe - NaOH, struturnaya - NaOH) - into amakhemikhali asebenzayo, okungase ukuxubana kokubili wezinto ezingaphili futhi kusukela izinto eziphilayo. Thola it in izixazululo aqueous ngeke qualitative ukuphendula ukuze ion hydroxide nge ezihlukahlukene izinkomba. Ngakho, litmus inkomba kuba blue amnyama, methyl orange - ophuzi, futhi phenolphthalein - raspberry, lapho ukushuba umbala kuzoncika lokuhlushwa alikhali.

sodium Gidrksid ungene ukusabela ngaleyo ndlela:

1. neutralization nge acid, oxides acid kanye compounds amphoteric. Waba yini umphumela walesi yokusabela kumiswa amanzi nosawoti gidroksokompleka noma - esimweni yokusabela lezisekelo futhi oxides amphoteric;

2. exchange nge nosawoti;

3. ezisansimbi okuyizinto emgqeni hydrogen Beketova elektorhimichesky futhi ube ezingaba ongaphakeme;

4. ongewona izinsimbi kanye halogens;

4. hydrolysis esters;

5. saponification nge amafutha (kwakhiwa insipho glycerin);

6. ukuphendula alcohols (alkoxides ekhiqizwa imfuyo).

Futhi ngefomu oncibilikisiwe soda caustic ongabhubhisa zobumba kanye ingilazi, futhi khona umoya - kwensimbi yizicukuthwane (-platinum).

Sodium hydroxide kungenzeka okulungiselelwe izindlela:

1. electrolysis ka-NaCl aqueous (diaphragm kanye ulwelwesi indlela)
2. chemical (lime kanye indlela ferrite).

Eminyakeni yamuva, izindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zisekelwe electrolysis, ngoba zingabantu oholela kangcono.

soda Caustic zithandwa kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi - yezimonyo, uginindela nephepha, amakhemikhali, zendwangu, ukudla. Isetshenziselwa njengenhlangano okufakiwe E-524, i-degassing izakhiwo kanye ekulungiseleleni biodiesel.

Ngakho, i-sodium hydroxide, - a lye, eye kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene imisebenzi womuntu ngenxa kwesimo sayo esisheshayo amakhemikhali.