Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich: Biography, lokusungula

Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich - ummeleli we okuthiwa izincwadi yesigaba sabasebenzi. Ukudala yomlobi kuyinto ungwaqa ne umsebenzi wokubhala Maksima Gorkogo. izindaba bakhe bokuqala babethonywe ukunyakaza yezinguquko of engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Futhi kulo lonke emkhakheni wesayensi, yena wasigcwalisa imibono nezinkolelo zakhe. Uyini umqondo eyinhloko yomsebenzi ukuthi wadala Alexander Serafimovich? Ibaluleke ngani indalo yakhe etemibhalo?

intsha

Igama langempela yomlobi, okukhulunywe ngazo kulesi sihloko - Popov. Kodwa umsebenzi wokubhala, wasebenzisa leli gama Serafimovich. Ukuthuthukiswa imibono yakhe etemibhalo senzeka sikhathi esinzima emlandweni Russia. Ukuphila kwabantu kuleli zwe engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye libhekene asebenzayo ukunyakaza wamavukelambuso. Ikakhulukazi, yile ndlela nawe ozizwa ezabonakala nje isizukulwane esisha - okungukuthi abafundi.

Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich wayevela emkhayeni Cossack. Ngiseyingane, nabazali bakhe ngasebenza iminyaka embalwa ePoland. Kodwa lapho umkhaya babuyela emakhaya, umbhali esizayo athola imfundo esikoleni esiphakeme bese wabhalisa e Petersburg University e-Physics and Mathematics Faculty. Lapha u-Alexander Serafimovich uvele umphakathi umfundi imiqondo wamavukelambuso athole umfutho. imfundiso kaMarx kweso ethumba indodana Don Cossacks. Kodwa ulwazi theory akugcini umfundi. ngokushesha Wayeshaya wathinta umuntu ayejwayelene naye nge abaphezulu umzalwane kukaLenin Aleksandrom Ulyanovym. Futhi ukuhileleka kokubulawa inkosi, waboshwa futhi badingiselwa esifundazweni Arkhangelsk. Life kulezi zingxenye waba nethonya juqu kuyo yonke umsebenzi somlobi.

I imiqondo esemqoka nesekelayo imisebenzi

Ukuphila okumatasa nabantu, okuyinto lwenziwe ngu-Alexander ngaleyo Serafimovich eminyakeni yakhe umfundi, yabeka isisekelo umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko. Abantu babe isihloko ngemisebenzi yakhe. Yiqiniso, imibono yakhe abangu okuhloswe ngaso kaMarx nemibono zenhlalo-yeningi.

ukuphila kwabantu abavamile e-ngasekupheleni kwekhulu Kuye kwaba nzima kakhulu. Abasekeli umqondo ka isidingo état Ukuketulwa babekholelwa ukuthi kuza zonke okubi kwasekusekelweni umbuso tsarist. Imicabango sendlela ngcono izimpilo zabasebenzi eRussia, ngaphezulu matasa umbhali luthela. Indaba for the ekuqaleni usebenza Serafimovicha babe ezimpilweni zabantu abavamile abasebenzayo. Futhi kakade ekuqaleni kwenkonzo yakhe mayelana izincwadi zakhe futhi yakwamukela kakhulu abalobi ezifana uVladimir Korolenko, Uspensky.

Imisebenzi ekuseni

Ngo nineties, isihloko ngemisebenzi Serafimovich yimpilo isigaba sabasebenzi. Abavukuzi nabasebenzi ujantshi, ngokufutha komoya somlilo, kanye nabalimi namaqhawe yezincwadi zakhe. Ezinkondlweni zakhe, u-Alexander Serafimovich wafuna ukubonisa ekuphileni kwabo hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi emhlabeni kwangaphakathi. Umlobi lokuqala wazibuza yini ukuthi ukucabanga lezisebenzi abavamile.

Kodwa isici esithile imibono etemibhalo Serafimovicha kusengaphambili kuyinkolelo yokuthi umsebenzi onzima akuyona kakhulu ngokomzimba isondo indoda njengoba awuhlabe umsebenzi womphakathi. Esebonile ukuthi hhayi kuphela izimbangela kanzima, kodwa futhi nemiphumela yayo. Esikhathini imisebenzi ekuqaleni yenkolelo lokhu komlobi ekhona amandla abantu. Akazange acabange ukunganaki efanayo futhi engaguquki abasebenzi ukuba isiphetho sabo. Ngokwesibonelo, e "shunter" Serafimovich ayeveza abaqala lokuqala bekhalaza ababetholakala, kubonakala, phakathi izingqimba emuva kakhulu nomphakathi.

Outlook yomlobi ekugcineni kwenzeka ayezidinga ekudingisweni. Kwakulapho azibona impilo ukusebenza kwabantu abavamile futhi iziboshwa.

esekudingisweni

On ezinzima enyakatho Alexander Popov, ogama biography is khuphela izenzakalo zomlando kanye nomphakathi eRussia, ukujwayelana esinye sezisebenzi eziphambili. Ngemuva ngemuva zazinolwazi wale ndoda emzabalazweni wamavukelambuso, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi wayengumuntu ekudingisweni. ukubukwa Tebuciko kanye nokunyakaza etemibhalo ngokuyinhloko kuthonywa sisondelene nabantu abanjalo.

Alexander Popov, ogama biography iqale ngo bomkhathi Don, ebhekise ufunde isiphetho ngabantu abavamile abahlala North. Lapha livula a, ezweni elisha elingaziwa. Umlobi yamlalela ngesikhulu isithakazelo lesi izindaba yezakhamuzi zendawo. Pomors ukondla imindeni yabo, bangakunaki zokudoba. Babenza umsebenzi onzima futhi oyingozi. Ngokuvamile abantu abaye bafa kolwandle. Ngokuvamile wabuyela ekhaya elambatha. Uma ukudoba kwaba yimpumelelo, an umxhwele ingxenye kwalandelwa ukunikeza abalimi ocebile, okuyinto izimpahla Gear abadobi.

Landscape emisebenzini Serafimovicha

Umlobi umxhwele elihle kodwa elibuhlungu imvelo enyakatho. incazelo landscape kaningi emsebenzini wakhe. Lesi sici ingatholakala indaba "On the ice." Kulesi yakhe wachaza uhlobo engavamile North nokuphila. Kodwa akazange azikhohlwe nasezweni lokuzalwa eningizimu. Kubo ukuthi akukho ngaphansi kahle kubonakala lesendzabeni kamuva.

Incazelo imvelo emsebenzini "phezu eqhweni" has a uhlamvu ongokomfanekiso. Ibhalwe like ngokufana okukhona phakathi kubanda enyakatho, ice namathafa, ngezinsuku ezibandayo esifushane futhi ukuphila yezakhamuzi zendawo. Image of nature kusiza umfundi ukuzwa izimo licace nzima lapho izisebenzi. Against ubunjalo yomuntu ezingakwazi nhlobo ukuzivikela njengezimvu emelene nengcindezelo nomphakathi. Serafimovich - umbhali obubusa usebenza umcondvo lobalulekile iyona ukungalingani. Indaba "On the ice," uhlobo icala zamabutho nomphakathi ukuthi kwabangela ukufa protagonist.

"Esikhathini inyama"

Encwadini yakhe ethi "On the ice," umlobi waqhathanisa abampofu Soroka isibhakela. Ngo "Ngo izihlenga" idrama usonhlalakahle uvezwa ifomu eziyinkimbinkimbi. I protagonist yalo msebenzi - raftsman Kuzma. Yena yedwa uthole isinkwa sabo. Nsuku zonke usengozini kwezimiso okungabekezeleleki, kodwa emsebenzini wakhe yena ezingenalusizo. Emphakathini okuyinto umkhuba imiphumela yomsebenzi zabanye abantu, ukwahlukana yezenhlalakahle eyinhlekelele.

"Ngo-yenyama" nethi "On the ice" - izindaba kuyiphi Serafimovich waqala uchungechunge yakhe imisebenzi enikelwe ekungalinganini emphakathini. Kamuva, uhlobo main emsebenzini wakhe kwaba ndaba. "Snow ehlane" okungukuthi, mhlawumbe, umlamuleli phakathi amafomu etemibhalo. Ukulandisa kule Seraphimovich umsebenzi kuholela kumuntu wokuqala. Kusukela emakhasini lokuqala, umfundi uthola umuzwa wokuthi ichaza nakho umlobi abona ngayo. Ngokwengxenye, lokhu kusho ukuthi. Umlandi kubonakala kulo msebenzi, imizwa nemicabango ukuthi wamvakashela ezinsukwini zokuqala kokuhlala e North.

ngemva izixhumanisi

Esikhathini Arkhangelsk esifundeni, u-Alexander Serafimovich (Popov) wachitha nje isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Ngemva kokudingiswa, wahlala edolobhaneni Ust-Medveditskaya, okuyinto kwaba njalo ngiqashwe amaphoyisa. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, waqala phansi washaywa lapha umsebenzi asebenzayo etemibhalo yomphakathi. Umbuthano, okuyinto esehlela, lwenzelwe lokuxoxa ngezenzakalo ezibalulekile kwamasiko. Nokho, kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala inhlangano amalungu ayo ngolaka kwaphikiswana izihloko zezombusazwe.

Emazweni lwabo lwendabuko Seraphimovich yashesha zabalandeli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyingxenye ebalulekile emisebenzini yayo baba ukusatshalaliswa emthethweni kwezincwadi kaMarx. Futhi kulesi sikhathi umsebenzi umbhali kwakukhona shift abalulekile.

sici lokusungula

izincwadi Soviet ngendlela efanele usaqala lalimelelwe Iningi lababhali wamavukelambuso. Qamba Alexander Serafimovich phakathi kwabo ivelele. Lokhu umbhali ngesikhathi kokuzalwa isimo esisha waba umlobi ovuthiwe ngokugcwele i isikhundla emphakathini eqinile aqine. Akazange ulungise entsha ukuhleleka emphakathini. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ngenkuthalo waqala ukuloba ngokuphila laseDonetsk wabavukuzi nezisebenzi endaweni yokukhanda. Encwadini yakhe ethi ikhulela umbono esizimele umculi ezimele. izincwadi zaseSoviet Iminyaka yangemva kwempi kuhlanganisa abanye abalobi, yona evame ukuqonda isici uhlobo umbono wokuphila. Esikhathini imisebenzi ka-Aleksandru Serafimovich samanje yasekuqaleni Inkulumo etemibhalo. Lokhu umbhali waba uhlobo ukuphila ekilasini umcwaningi ukusebenza. Serafimovicha lokusungula kulo mqondo, eyingqayizivele.

"Beka"

izindaba Early Serafimovicha benamandla okwangempela. Lawa imisebenzi enikelwe ekuphileni abakhileyo North. Namaqiniso ekhona izindaba Shakhtar IDonetsk. romanticism Revolutionary abafika kamuva. Ngokwesibonelo, e "The Drop" kuyinto amaqhawe samanje, kuwumfuziselo, futhi behlekisa ngenkolelo kombhali ukuthi abantu abavamile ungagcina izinto esivumelana ngazo futhi umsebenzi enqophe imigomo wamavukelambuso.

Kufanekisa ngale umsebenzi ulula. Kukhona idwala elikhulu, futhi omunye iconsi elilodwa ngeke sikuqede. It uwela phezu kwedwala eqinile futhi bafe ngokushesha. Kodwa amakhulu ezinkulungwane amaconsi ukungena emgodini edwaleni.

Indaba yizinqamu ezintathu. Ngamunye wabo - movement wamavukelambuso esenzeka eminyakeni ezahlukene. Eyokuqala labhujiswa. Eyesibili wanika izithelo ezithile. Umlobi ithemba, eyesithathu ukunyakaza wamavukelambuso. Lokho-ke uyakwazi, ngokombono wakhe, ukuphula inqaba umbuso tsarist.

E-Moscow

imibono zothando ukuthi zikhona imisebenzi Gorky Serafimovicha efanayo isitayela etemibhalo. Futhi kunjalo, mhlawumbe, ngemva kokuthuthela eMoscow umbhali Don ngokushesha oza umbhali omkhulu yesigaba sabasebenzi. Futhi Serafimovicha futhi Gorky sibe nokholo emandleni indoda okungavamile. Umzabalazo ngokungakhathali isisebenzi elula, naphezu eminyaka lobugqila kungaholela ekunqobeni kokugcina isigaba sabasebenzi.

Kamuva Maxim Gorky kudala ukushicilela "Ulwazi", okuyinto ngokuyinhloko edonsela Serafimovicha. Izenzakalo-mbuso ka-1905 kukhona amehlo, ngisho ne umnikelo ezinye kusukela bomdabu Don emaqeleni. Ngaleso sikhathi, yena Rents efulethini Presnya nosizo abasebenzi ukwakha nemigoqo okwakuvinjwe ngayo.

Ngemva 1905

izenzakalo zomlando ukuthi wabona Serafimovich, ziyabonakala emsebenzini wakhe. Esikhathini imisebenzi omlobi useke wabonakala ugqozi nomdlandla. Abasebenzi stupefied ukudakwa futhi udangele khona ezingenalutho, wakhala izindaba zakhe heroes wamavukelambuso. Lwenza iqoqo tindzaba letimfisha "Izibani elahlekile" kule umoya.

Alexander Serafimovich umsebenzi etemibhalo enikelwe ezingaphezu kuka kwamashumi amahlanu. Phakathi kwempi yezwe yesibili, waba umlobeli othile impi, kodwa akazange ayeke ukubhala tindzaba letimfisha kanye Tindzaba. Ucezu eyinhloko indaba Serafimovich "Iron Stream". Kulesi umsebenzi, umbhali kubonakala izenzakalo kulwiwa.

inkumbulo

Alexander Serafimovich imiklomelo eminingi. Ukuze kuhlonishwe wakhe okuthiwa ezitaladini e Moscow, Kazan bese Minsk. Esikhathini Volgograd esifundeni behlonipha igama komlobi komuzi lapho emnyuziyamu etemibhalo wavulwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe. Edolobhaneni Ust-Medveditskaya Eighties wavula endlini-Museum. Futhi kule Volgograd lesikhumbuzo Serafimovich.

Umlobi wafa ngo-1949 eMoscow. Wembelwa e-Novodevichy emathuneni.