Radiography - indlela kuphenywe Sakhiwo sangekhatsi ezinikelweko ngokusebenzisa X-ray. Ukubuyekeza, Izimo

Radiography - kungenye yezindlela ukufunda, esekelwe kokuthola ezihleliwe-X-ray isithombe konemimoya ethize, ngokuvamile kakhulu kule indima izenzo njengenhlangano ifilimu-X-ray.

Okwamuva khamera kungaba thatha isithombe esimile ephepheni noma esikrinini.

Radiography lephatselene nesicephu wale misebe ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo yokwakheka komzimba, ngenxa esithombeni kwelivi eyatholakala. Ngokuvamile, i-X ray asetshenziswa njengoba indlela yokuhlola. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi ukwenza X-ray kangcono projection ezimbili. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukucacisa kahle indawo emzimbeni test futhi khona isifo, uma ikhona.

Ngokuvamile iphendukele ekutadisheni thorax kusetshenziswa le ndlela, kodwa-X-ray of ezinye izitho zangaphakathi zingenziwa. Igumbi-X-ray itholakala cishe kuwo wonke umtholampilo, ngakho ukuba kudlule uphenyo ezinjalo ngeke kube nzima.

Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngayiphi injongo esimweni

Lolu hlobo ucwaningo Kwenziwa for sitholakele izilonda ezithile kwezitho zangaphakathi ku izifo ezithathelwanayo:

• Ukuvuvukala emaphashini.
• Myocarditis.
• Isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga.

Thola isifo ngosizo-X-ray umgudu wokuphefumula futhi inhliziyo ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwezinye izimo, khona izinkomba ngabanye esimweni kudingeka sitadishe ngosizo ugebhezi, ikholomu umgogodla, amalunga, ipheshana wokugaya ukudla.

izinkomba ngoba

Uma-X ray kuyindlela eyengeziwe yophenyo, kwezinye izimo, it is ebekiwe njengoba kuphoqelekile izifo ezithile. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka lapho:

1. Kunobufakazi umonakalo kwamaphaphu, inhliziyo noma ezinye izitho zangaphakathi.
2. Kuyadingeka ukuba ukusebenza yokwelapha.
3. Kunesidingo ukuhlola nokubekwa efanele ipayipi futhi endotracheal tube.

Radiography - indlela yocwaningo, okuyinto sisetshenziswa kabanzi, akusiyo ikakhulukazi nzima abasebenzi bezokwelapha kanye isiguli. Isithombe idokhumenti izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanayo, kanye nezinye yocwaningo, ngakho-ke kungenziwa eyethulwe Ochwepheshe ezahlukene ukucacisa noma uqinisekise uphethwe.

Ngokuvamile, ngamunye wethu sihamba esifubeni X-ray. Izinkomba esiyinhloko nokuqaliswa kwalo yilezi:

• ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside ephelezelwa ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukukhomba sofuba, umdlavuza wamaphaphu wabulawa inyumoniya noma pleuritis.
• Okusolwayo embolism yamaphaphu.
• Zikhona izimpawu yinhliziyo.
• umonakalo Obungapheli emaphashini, ubambo waphuka.
• Ukungena zemizimba angaphandle emphinjeni, esiswini, kuqhoqhoqho noma bronchi.
• Ukuhlolwa Asebenza.

Kaningi lapho ufuna ukuthola ukuhlolisisa ephelele, esimweni inikezwa, phakathi kwezinye izindlela.

Izinzuzo zama-X ray

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iziguli eziningi bayesaba waphinda ukuthola umthamo ngemisebe, odlulayo-X ray, le ndlela kunezinzuzo eziningi kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifundo:

• Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi ezingabizi kakhulu, kodwa futhi kakhulu.
• Shiya isinqumo high ngekwendzawo.
• Ukuze udlulisele isifundo esinjalo ayidingi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile.
• X-ray zingagcinwa isikhathi eside ukulawula Dynamics ukuphathwa kanye ukubona izinkinga.
• Ukuze ukuhlola izithombe akufanele kuphela odokotela, radiologists, kodwa futhi nabanye ochwepheshe.
• Kungenzeka ukuba afeze X-ray ngisho iziguli esembhedeni usebenzisa idivayisi yeselula.
• Le ndlela Uphinde abhekwe omunye eshibhe.

Ngakho, uma okungenani kanye ngonyaka ezifana ucwaningo, ukulinyazwa emzimbeni hhayi imbangela, kodwa ukuze embule ukugula okungathí sina ngendlela efanele usaqala yentuthuko kungenzeka.

Izindlela ze-X ray

Okwamanje, kunezindlela ezimbili yokufeza-X-ray yilezi:

1. Analog.
2. Digital.

Eyokuqala yalezi amadala, osekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukuze kuvele sitfombe umphumela kuwo. Indlela digital kubhekwa entsha futhi manje kancane kancane esikhundleni analog. Imiphumela ayaboniswa ngokuqondile esikrinini, futhi ungakwazi ukuphrinta, ngisho nakanye nje.

esimweni Digital kunezinzuzo zako:

• Kuyaphawuleka ezithuthukisa izithombe, futhi ngaleyo ndlela okuqukethwe ulwazi.
• Ukuba lula kwezincazelo cwaningo.
• Kungenzeka ukuthola imiphumela esheshayo.
• Ancishisiwe yokuchayeka emisebeni.
• Ikhompyutha yakho has nekhono lokusingatha umphumela ushintsho ukukhanya nokuqhathanisa, okuyinto eyenza oluqonde kakhulu izilinganiso ambalwa.
• Ezenye zingagcinwa isikhathi eside e zomlando electronic, ungakwazi ngisho phezu Internet ukuze adlulisele ibanga yabo.
• Indleko ukusebenza.

nebubi esimweni

Naphezu kokuba eminingi ye-X-ray umumo womsebenzi indlela has nezihibe:

1. Isithombe isithombe uphendulela static, okuyinto eyenza kungenzeki ukuziyisa ukuhlola ukusebenza emzimbeni.
2. Esifundweni of foci encane ekungabini nolwazi olwanele okuqukethwe.
3. Kubi Kutholwe izinguquko kwezicubu ezithambile.
4. Futhi-ke, angeke sikhone kusho ngalokucondzile mayelana nomphumela ongemuhle ionizing emisebeni emzimbeni.

Kodwa noma ngabe kunjalo, ama-X-ray - indlela ukuthi siyaqhubeka esivame kakhulu ukuthola of kwezinso kwamaphaphu futhi inhliziyo. It ivumela ukuhlonza isifo sofuba ngendlela efanele usaqala nokusindisa ukuphila kwezigidi zabantu.

Ukulungiselela i-ukudlula-X ray

Le ndlela yocwaningo ihlukile kuleyo pre akudingi amalungiselelo akhethekile. Kwakudinga ngesikhathi esimisiwe kuphela ukuza egumbini-X-ray kanye-X ray ukukwenza.

Uma ucwaningo olunjalo inikezwa ngenjongo Ukuhlola ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, kuzomele izindlela ezilandelayo ukulungiselela:

• Uma kungekho kwezinso e pheshana emathunjini, izilinganiso ekhethekile kufanele athathwe. Lapho ukubuyisa ngokweqile noma ukuqunjelwa Kunconywa ukubeka enema ukuhlanzwa 2 amahora ngaphambi kwesifundo.
• Ephambi kwezinduna eliningi ukudla esiswini (liquid) kufanele lavage.
• Ngaphambi ukusetshenziswa radiopaque izidakamizwa holetsistografii okuyinto lingena sesibindi buthelela ku gallbladder. Ukuze sithole contractility kwesinye inyongo isiguli unikezwa ejenti choleretic.
• Ukuze cholegraphy kwaba ngaphezulu ulwazi, ngaphambi kokwenza ejenti Ngokuphambene iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi, njenge "Bilignost", "Bilitrast".
• Sibandulele ergography Ngokuphambene enema ne -barium yombala sulfate. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, isiguli kufanele baphuze 30 amagremu kawoyela ocolisekileyo, kusihlwa ukwenza enema ukuhlanzwa, hhayi ukudla kwakusihlwa.

cwaningo Technique

Okwamanje, cishe wonke umuntu uyazi lapho ukwenza ze-X ray okungukuthi esinikeziwe cwaningo. Indlela Yokwenza womhlangano kanje:

1. Sibekezele ningabeki isikhubekiso phambi umshini-X-ray, uma kudingeka, lolu cwaningo Kwenziwa esimweni uhlezi noma elele phansi etafuleni ekhethekile.
2. Ephambi kwezinduna ipayipi kufakwe noma hose kumele uqinisekise ukuthi kungukuthi wathutha ngesikhathi ukulungiselela.
3. Kuze ekupheleni kwesifundo isiguli asivunyelwe ukwenza noma iyiphi inhlangano.
4. kwezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuhamba ekamelweni-X-ray, uma ubukhona bakhe kuyadingeka ke wagqoka iphinifa phambili.
5. Isithombe zivame eyenziwe projection eziningana ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi.
6. Ngemva ukuthuthukiswa, ikhwalithi izithombe ihloliwe, kabusha luhlolo kungadingeka uma kunesidingo.
7. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlanekezela projection ingxenye yomzimba kumelwe ibekwe eduze cassette.

Lapho esimweni wenziwa kudivayisi digital, isithombe wabonisa esikrinini, futhi lo dokotela ungakwazi ngokushesha ubone ukuphambuka kusuka kuyinsakavukela. Imiphumela zigcinwa database ne zingagcinwa isikhathi eside, ungaphrinta ephepheni, uma kunesidingo.

Indlela Nakho ukuchazwa-X-ray imiphumela

Ngemva ze-X ray kuyadingeka ukuze kahle ahumushe imiphumela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lo dokotela ihlola:

• Indawo izitho zangaphakathi.
• Ubuqotho izakhiwo ithambo.
• Indawo wamaphaphu izimpande nekuphikisana yabo.
• Indlela ukuhlukanisa bronchi main nezincane.
• I obala ijwabu wamaphaphu, khona ukuquleka.

Uma izintambo Yekhanda ze-X ray, kubalulekile ukukhomba:

• Ukuba khona waphuka.
• Sikuveze nomfutho wegazi ophezulu intracranial nge okwandisa ingqondo.
• Pathology "sella", okubonakala ngenxa anda ingcindezi intracranial.
• Ukuba khona izimila ebuchosheni.

Ukuze wenze ithole ukuxilongwa okufanele, ngemiphumela yokutadisha-X-ray kumelwe nakanjani, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye ukuhlolwa kanye nokuvivinywa sokusebenza.

Izimo ukuqhuba-X-ray

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi umthwalo osabalalayo olutholwa umzimba ngesikhathi senza lolucwaningo kungaholela ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo Kushisa bhé kule ndawo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bakuphi impela. Ukuze ingozi incishisiwe, kubalulekile ukwenza i x-ray kuphela ngokuqinile udokotela futhi kuhambisana Nomgomo zonke iziqondiso zokuphepha.

Omunye kumele ukwehlukanisa phakathi esimweni zokuvimbela futhi zokuxilonga. Eyokuqala has cishe awekho Izimo ngokuphelele, kodwa kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi zonke futhi ahlukahlukene ukukwenza is hhayi Kunconywa. Okunjalo isifundo okufanele ukulungisiswa, akusiyo kunesidingo sokujuba kuwe.

Ngisho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uma usebenzisa ezinye izindlela bengasakwazi ukwenza uphethwe yini, ke akungqubuzani iphendukele-X-ray. Ubungozi isiguli uhlale esingaphansi umonakalo ongaletha isikhathi awayiboni sifo.

Ngenjongo ekuvimbeleni X-ray ngeke kwenziwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane engu-14.

-X-ray cwaningo emgogodleni

emgogodleni esimweni wenziwa izinkomba njalo ngokwanele ukuze kuqaliswe kwakhona:

1. Ubuhlungu emuva noma imilenze, imizwa ndikindiki ukubukeka.
2. Ukukhomba izinguquko esiwohlozayo ku akwazi ukugcina intervertebral.
3. Isidingo ukuhlonza emgogodleni ukulimala.
4. Ukuxilongwa izifo sokuvuvukala ikholomu umgogodla.
5. Ukutholakala ugobile umgogodla.
6. Uma kukhona isidingo ukuqaphela anomalies azalwa naso sokukhubazeka komgogodla.
7. Ukuhlonza Ukugula izinguquko ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Emgogodleni inqubo-X-ray wenziwa isikhundla lisalele, kubalulekile ukuba pre-suka wonke amatshe ayigugu kanye ukuba akhumule okhalweni.

Udokotela ngokuvamile uxwayisa ngokuthi ngesikhathi luhlolo abakwazi ukuya izithombe angeke zibe ulwelwe. Inqubo akuthathi imizuzu engaphezu kuka-15 kanye nesineke akakubangeli ngokuphazamiseka.

It has Izimo yayo ngoba umgogodla X ray:

• Ukukhulelwa.
• Uma ezinsukwini zokugcina 4 amahora kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa X-ray, barium yombala compounds. Kulokhu, eliphezulu izithombe ngeke uthole.
• Ukukhuluphala futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba athole izithombe ulwazi.

Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, le ndlela ucwaningo ayinakho Izimo.

X-ray of the emalungeni

Lokhu uphethwe eyodwa yezindlela eyinhloko ukutadisha osteoarticular kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Amalunga Radiography kungase kwembule:

• Kwezinso kule nokwakheka evele articular.
• Ukuba khona bony neziqu onqenqemeni nezicubu uqwanga.
• Lots of calcium imali.
• Kutfutfukiswa flatfoot.
• I-Arthritis, arthrosis.
• iziyaluyalu azalwa naso ithambo izakhiwo.

Ucwaningo olufana nalolu awugcini nje ukukhomba iziyaluyalu, kodwa uvume nokuthi unazo yezinkinga ukucacisa amacebo yokwelashwa.

Izinkomba zokuvuleleka amalunga omzimba kungaba:

• Ubuhlungu ngokuhlanganyela.
• Ukushintsha ezakheke ngayo.
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi ukunyakaza.
• Ikhawulelwe ukuhamba emalungeni.
• Ukulimala.

Uma kukhona isidingo ukudlula isifundo esinjalo, kungcono ukucela udokotela wakho, lapho-x-reyi amalunga omzimba ukuze uthole imiphumela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu.

Izimfuneko ucwaningo ngemisebe

-X-ray luhlolo ukunikeza imiphumela eziphumelela kakhulu, kufanele iqhutshwe kuhambisana nezimfuneko ezithile:

1. Le ndawo lokho okuzofundwa kufanele Itholakala enkabeni yesithombe.
2. Uma kukhona umonakalo emathanjeni ijabulise, isithombe bese kumele ubonakale ngomunye emalungeni eduze.
3. Ekuqaleni kwawo-omunye amathambo nomlenze ibhodi lemisindo noma esithombeni kufanele kurekhodwe, kokubili ngokuhlanganyela.
4. esimweni Desirably e izindiza ezahlukene.
5. Uma kukhona izinguquko sokugembula emalungeni noma amathambo, kubalulekile ukuthatha isithombe ingxenye enempilo symmetrically elise, ngakho ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa kanye nokulinganisa izinguquko.
6. Elungile uphethwe izinga Isithombe kumele sibe okusezingeni eliphezulu, obelungathatha inqubo yesibili.

Uma ulandela zonke lezi zincomo, akungabazeki ukuthi u-X-ray ngeke kube nemiphumela ekahle kakhulu ulwazi.

Kukangaki ukuthatha kungaba X-ray

Umthelela ngemisebe emzimbeni akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni isikhathi, kodwa futhi ukushuba ukuchayeka. Umthamo futhi kuncike ngqo hardware, okuyinto lokhu kuhlola kunalokho entsha futhi zanamuhla, ngakho-ke ingezansi.

Kuyadingeka ukuba sicabangele ukuthi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba has izinga layo ukuchayeka, njengoba bonke kwezitho nezicubu babe okuhlonishwayo ezahlukene.

Radiography kumadivayisi digital kunciphisa umthamo izikhathi eziningana, ngakho bathatha ke kaningi. Kusobala ukuthi noma isiphi umthamo kuyingozi ukuba umzimba, kodwa kufanele futhi kuqondwe ukuthi x-ray - isifundo ezingaba ukubona izifo eziyingozi, umonakalo okuyiqembu esikhulu ngokwengeziwe umuntu.