Ra-32 (indiza). Izici nezithombe

Isiphetho endizeni eU.SSR Kuyathakazelisa ngoba, naphezu isiqalo ambalwa belated zokukhiqiza, impumelelo, nabaqambi Soviet sewenze omkhulu. umklamo bureau ababili, Mil futhi Kamov, kwabonisa umhlaba ukuthi kungenzeka Soviet zezindiza ubuchwepheshe. Isibonelo impumelelo onjiniyela Soviet ongakhonza njengoba Ka-32 ngendiza enophephela emhlane, ngezindlela eziningi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kamov nesitayela sakhe

Ngesisekelo zokuhlola izindiza kwemboni, okuyinto has lutho ethi inombolo engaqaliwe 290, wadala ngo-1948, KB, ne kakhulu malovyrazitelnoe ngokuthi «№ 5". Akukho lutho isimanga kuzo zonke lezi indices is hhayi eminyakeni Stalin nemabhizinisi ezingabalulekile kangako kungenziwa labizwa, bese, kwacaca ukuthi ngemva kwesikhathi eside kakhulu, wakha gyroplanes, ngilukhohliwe namuhla izindiza. Amabutho ngesikhathi esanda otgremevshego World've esetshenziswa rotorcraft, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, akuyona ebanzi kakhulu, kodwa ngokwanele ukuba IV Stalin waqonda amathemba uhlobo olusha imishini flying. Aviation ukuthi "ubaba wezizwe" wabathanda, kwaba belawulwa baqaphe. Hola Bureau wayala NI Kamov ngo-1940 ngubani wakwazi ukuklama futhi sakhe A-7, autogyro.

Zisuka nje, KB isungule isitayela ayo, lapho izindiza ezinophephela emhlane Kamov baziwa kalula namuhla. sici sabo esisemqoka kuthathwa umklamo coaxial lapho rotors ezimbili ijikelezwe oppositely Okusizayo uhlawula torque engu. bendiza kumphambukisa kulokhu ayidingeki.

umphefumulo kolwandle

Akuwona wonke indiza uyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi olwandle. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukuthi ukhuluma ngani flying agudle ogwini nge besekela phansi phansi, nokuthi emshinini serviced ezimweni shumbi he wama endaweni evulekile (aft), bakhonza izidingo zamanje lujula futhi isixwayiso Naval Command. iziqondiso Technical kuleli cala sina inkimbinkimbi, amanzi anosawoti spray ukuchayeka ezinzima asemkhathini kungathikameza kabi ukusebenza izindlela, izingxenye nemikhulu. Soviet imfundiso lempi le forties sekwephuzile ngokuya kungenzeka imisebenzi wasolwandle angaphansi ukuthuthukiswa, ngakho Kamov bureau kusukela yaqala, wasebenza ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala, umshini athuthukiswe lapha kufanele kube ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku abathwali izindiza. Okwesibili, injongo yabo, ngenxa ukungaqiniseki izinhloso esizayo, kabanzi kulindeleke, okungukuthi esisetshenziselwa. Lezi zimfuneko ziyavumelana le Ka-8, Ka-15, Ka-25, Ka-26 futhi ikakhulukazi Ka-32 - endizeni, ofanele kakhulu amatilosi, bomlilo, abakhi, installers, nezinye izisebenzi eziningi ukuthula, usebenza kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu, kuhlanganise ezindaweni ezinomswakama, kusukela zindawo polar ezindaweni ezishisayo.

Kusukela ngomhla ka-antisubmarine ukwenza ukuthula imoto?

Njengoba ngokuvamile kwenzeka nathi, imoto waqale wadala njengendlela ukulwa. Buhle le ndlela itholakala lokuthi ukuthi main umsebenzi ukuthuthukiswa ebizayo eyenziwa ngezithukuthuku isabelomali ukuzivikela, futhi kwaba kukhulu e-USSR. Ukuze ngokuningiliziwe ukuguquka kwabantu izindiza siphelile, yebo, kudingeka wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni iphrojekthi, kodwa izindleko akuzona enkulu ukuze adale wonke umshini. Imodeli laliwukuthi womkhumbi anti-ngwenya Ka-27, i-R & D waqala ngo-1969, yi yabo kwaba Ka-32 indiza ngokoqobo civil futhi enokuthula. Injini enamandla futhi isikimu yimpumelelo silivumele ukuzivumelanisa ezihlukahlukene izidingo eziphuthumayo ye emnothweni kazwelonke. Ngokuya yizinhlobonhlobo, nokwethenjelwa amakhono obuchwepheshe ontanga global, akakwenzi.

kudivayisi

onobuhle boMdabu Rotor ezimbili Kamov isikimu coaxial futhi ofanele Ka-32. Endizeni kulula ukuphatha, igesi ophephela izinjini (bobabili) on the 2200 amahhashi ngofuzo "impi yokugcina", kanye lomnyango obandayo uhlelo izindwani, siyivumele ukuba phinda ukunciphisa useyili uma lwesivunguvungu ukunciphisa ivolumu matasa kuwo. iminyango emithathu ukunikeza okusheshayo kwemali nezisebenzi izihlalo zabo futhi kalula yokulayisha athula. I chassis yakhiwa izisekelo ezine, okungase abethela amasilinda ekhethekile ukuthatha amanzi uma kunesidingo. Ubulili Ka-32 inamadivayisi mooring zokubhala ukwenza indlela yokuphepha isisindo wezimpahla ezifinyelela emathanini amane ngaphakathi kuleli gumbi engangikulo wezimpahla. Ngokuvamile, njengoba imishini eminingi Kamov Design Bureau, isikimu ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise sonke isikhala ewusizo ngemuva abanikeze asebenza nabo kuze kube isigaba umsila futhi ngezansi sokuphehla amandla.

Yini can Ka-32?

Ukuze zezindiza ochwepheshe kwabamangaza amathuba has a encane Ka-32. Izici umxhwele, lapho amamitha ubude fuselage nje phezu 12, ke ingena kalula ukulayisha isisindo idlula 3.7 tonnes. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela ingase ukumiswa yangaphandle senyukela amathani 5. Lo mshini kuphakamisa cishe njengendlu ukuziphatha ngokwayo nge speed mpo 15 m / s. Kungaba ukuletha wezimpahla yimuphi ukuphela ngaphakathi endaweni engaba 900 km. Passenger umthamo - abantu abangu-16. Speed othile Kungabonakala sengathi senza okuncane, "into nje" 230 sihamba futhi 260 km / h esiphezulu, kodwa phela wadala iyunithi akuyona yamahhashi, ngisho yasekuqaleni lempi antisubmarine nguqulo yohlelo Ka-27 lwenzelwe ukuthola ngwenya, esidinga ukuba ngamabomu ezithile . Kodwa ku 6000 metres ophahleni lunikeza ukulondeka, ngisho umcimbi kwezinkinga ezingathi sína sezulu.

izinguqulo

Umshini kwaphumelela kangangokuthi isetjentiswe emikhakheni eminingi yomnotho ye-USSR kazwelonke kanye phesheya. Ka-32 imisebenzi ongaxazulula ezihlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, ibhanoyi wakhela ezinguqulweni ezimbili eziyisisekelo, ezokuthutha (Ka-32T) futhi yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa izitsha yemikhumbi yokudoba kanye polar (Ka-32S). Ukuguqulwa ezokuthutha kungenzeka kalula ibe ezindizayo "ambulensi" ngoba ukuthi gumbi enikeziwe ithuba ukufaka izihlalo eziyishumi noma stretchers ezine abalimele, bese uthola okufushane umnyuziki ambulensi.

Ka-32S yakhelwe ice kwesimo endaweni futhi inkonzo nendlwana, eholwa ophihliza iqhwa in the zindawo polar, kwathiwa ogibele imishini esikhethekile izithombe zasemoyeni lokuzula.

Enye lwenzelwe "crane flying" esekelwe Ka-32. MOE nentshisekelo ikhono umshini ukuthi siphakamise indophi ku ezihlukahlukene, futhi wenza kanjalo kakhulu ngobumnene. ikhebula indophi, eline-damper ekhethekile, inikeza ube nesimo sengqondo sokukhathalela konke silethwa ohlangothini umshini, futhi leli qiniso kungaba nabantu.

I Ka-32, ukucima umlilo version

Ton Inkokhelo kungenzeka ketshezi. Isidingo emshinini kuqothulwe imililo ezweni sethu sikhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokucabangela eyandayo ngase isakhiwo multi-storey. Ngaphezu amanzi ethafeni ngethangi ekhethekile, hung esikhundleni wezimpahla noma umgibeli gumbi, ungakwazi ulayishe uketshezi yesivini okhethekile ukudala umlilo izithiyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini has kungenzeka kuphunywe abantu ekuthunjweni somlilo.

Ka-32 emazweni angaphandle

Umklamo ngempumelelo umshini osekelwa impumelelo kulo uyawuthanda emoyeni imibukiso emhlabeni wonke, okuyinto embukisweni futhi wabonisa indiza Ka-32. Photo rotorcraft nge South Korea, i-Canadian, Malaysian noma Swiss Inzwa ukuthola amamaki musa akumangalisi muntu. Isici esikhethekile lo mkhuba amaSoviet nasemakamu Russian isakhiwo izindiza esikoleni ibikade ifinyeleleka nokwethenjelwa, kalula zokusebenzela kanye kalula wokuqeqesha abashayeli bezindiza bakwamanye amazwe.

Ukuguqulwa kanye nokwenziwa kwezinto isimanje bezikhali imoto kuphezulu, kungenzeka ukufaka Avionics esimanjemanje kakhulu itholakala khona, ukuhlinzeka Ka-32 ekuphileni eside wezulu.