Osteomyelitis ezinganeni: incazelo izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nezici ukwelashwa

Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuvamile izingane waqala ukuhlonza isifo, ezifana osteomyelitis. Le nqubo necrotic i imvelo ezithathelwanayo eba ithambo, ezungezile kwezicubu ezithambile, umnkantsha. Imbangela yalesi zokugula amagciwane akhiqiza ubomvu. Uma lesi sifo bubé ke amathuba skeleton ithambo ukusonteka unformed wengane.

Osteomyelitis ezinganeni avame kuthinta umlenze ephansi, hip, imihlathi amalunga, humerus, vertebra. Ukuze kuvikelwe ingane emiphumeleni emibi lesi sifo kufanele igcine sithole nokuthi zibangelwa yini lokhu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

izimbangela

Lesi sifo bangase bangenwe kalula abafana kunamantombazane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi benjalo mobile okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odontogenic osteomyelitis ezinganeni liyatholakala ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa, kusukela imbangela yokulimala kukhona emihlathini lwamathambo ukuthi ingalungiswa izimpi noma uwela.

Kaningi, imbangela isifo ezinganeni emaphaketheni anjalo purulent ukutheleleka efana impetigo, abezindaba otitis, pyelonephritis, amathumba, ukusha, amanxeba. Futhi kuholele ukuthuthukiswa osteomyelitis abscesses, izinyo caries, ubovu namathansela, namathansela.

Njengoba lwangena umzimba nge isikhumba ezilimele, mucosa noma lymph pharyngeal indandatho, ukutheleleka uqala asakaze ngokusebenzisa isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngokuvamile, i-ejenti kubhekwa osteomyelitis Staphylococcus aureus amagciwane, okuyinto etholakala 80% amacala. Labo abasele abanga-20% eziguli kanye zokugula we Streptococcus, E. coli, salmonella, imbewu eletha Pfeiffer. Ngo izinsana bacterium umzimba bangene nge isilonda enkabeni.

Akuzona zonke izimo, ithambo Kugcwele ukuvuvukala. Isakaze amagciwane wakhe angazithola izitho ezungeze noma izicubu zomzimba ezithambile. Kungenzeka, futhi isimo reverse, lapho kuqala kukhona umnkantsha ukuzibandakanya, bese kuphela - zezicubu ezizungezile.

izimpawu

Lokhu zokugula kungaba ukuzibonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi eminyakeni yobudala yomntwana, namasosha omzimba futhi ithambo endaweni ethintekile. Kwezinhliziyo zezinsana nezezingane abadadlana kunawe lesi sifo sihlasela impilo yabo jikelele. Ingane kuba evilaphayo, unesikhundla ukungahlaliseki sezinzwa, ukungakuthandi ukudla, imfiva, livela okhanyayo. Ngokuvamile isimo sokugembula kuhambisana uhudo nokuhlanza.

Uma ukubukela ingane, singabona ukuthi iqala ukuba zinakekele amakhanda enkambweni yabo, zama ingamthinti noma ihambise. Isikhumba joint ethintekile ngokuvamile ogcwele ukuchitheka. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ububomvu nokuvuvukala isiqalo ukwandisa. Uma nje musa ukuqala ukwelashwa, kuzoba metastases ubovu wonke umzimba.

Acute osteomyelitis hematogenous e izingane ezindala ebonakaliswa ifomu evelele. ukuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala kancane kakhulu, futhi ububomvu nokuvuvukala ziqala ukuvela kuphela ngesonto lapho kuqala lesi sifo. Uma isikhathi kungaqali ukwelashwa, kungase kube naphakathi-kwemisipha ithumba, okusho ukuthi kukhona ukusabalala kancane kancane ukuvuvukala kuya izicubu zomzimba ezithambile ezizungezile. Kulokhu, ukuhlinzwa is ngenakugwemeka. Lapho intermuscular phlegmon ubungcono isimo somntwana kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ekuqaleni, kodwa edukisayo. Osteomyelitis ezinganeni kungabangela yezinkinga ezinzima ezifana nesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga suppurative futhi sepsis.

Ifomu acute lesi sifo izingane emva kwesikhashana kuba amahlala khona, ukungabi khona lapho ukuphathwa siholela ekufeni. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlola lokhu zokugula futhi uqale ukwelashwa kwakhe.

Izici osteomyelitis odontogenic

Lolu hlobo lwe-pathology has izici zayo siqu. Izinsini nemisele iqala ubomvu, futhi izicubu zomzimba ezithambile ukuvuvukala ubuso. Esikhunjeni ulwelwesi lwamafinyila ukuphaphatheka nokubanda ezomile, imfiva, Ukugodola, futhi kukhona ubuthakathaka jikelele. Ezinganeni ibhalwe amajaqamba, ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko uqala ucikeka njengoba ukwakha ukudakwa eqinile. Odontogenic osteomyelitis emhlathini in nezingane eside.

Ikakhulukazi ifomu okungamahlalakhona

Le ndlela sifo samabanga aphansi noma. Lesi sakamuva libhekene remissions futhi exacerbations, eziba nabo. Phakathi ukuthethelelwa ingane kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akusho ukukhononda, kodwa lapho kuqala okubi kakhulu, ukwanda lokushisa siyenzeka, kukhona ubuhlungu ku palpation. Mhlawumbe kuvulwa fistula kumiswa ubomvu. Lezi zikhathi ingahlala iminyaka, uma lokhu kuthinta izinso, isibindi kanye inhliziyo.

osteomyelitis Okungalapheki ezinganeni ohlobo eyinhloko kwenzeka ngaphandle isigaba oyingozi futhi ekuqaleni izimpawu isifo asicacile. Iya kancane ubuhlungu akudingeki kwasendaweni eqondile. Ngokuvamile, abazali beletha izingane zabo esibhedlela kuphela lapho luyanda ubuhlungu noma avele izimpawu ezinamandla.

ukuhlola

Kubalulekile kahle ukuxilonga lesi sifo, njengoba kuyintando izimpawu zabo sifana kakhulu imfiva ye-rheumatism, ubovu samathambo, Sarcoma Ewing sika.

At ekuqaleni we ukuthuthukiswa amathambo osteomyelitis ezinganeni inezimpawu ezingase zibangele ukuba udokotela usola kumiswa ukutheleleka ebulalayo. uphethwe yini kuphela kusiza ukuphathwa abanekhono, iqinisekisa ukuthi makabe nombono yimpumelelo.

ekwelapheni lesi sifo

Uma kwakuba khona zokugula ezinjalo, njengoba osteomyelitis (izingane), ukwelashwa okufanele kwenzeke ngayo iqhaza wezingane, radiologist, nezinye Ochwepheshe. Ngokuvamile ama-antibiotic le nhloso futhi afeze ukuhlinzwa.

Imithi elwa namagciwane kumele kusetshenziswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Okokuqala, umthamo ukulayisha yalezi imithi avumele ingane ukuba ayeke yisishiso. Ngokuvamile lezi zinhloso linqume izidakamizwa penicillin akuzange kusize iqembu. Kufanele uthathe imithi isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi ukwelapha ingahlala izinyanga ezintathu. Umthamo kumele kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umntwana kufanele inikezwe izidakamizwa izilonda ngoba imithi elwa namagciwane ukubulala microflora. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase zidinga kokungenela kuhlinzwa. Kulokhu autopsied ubomvu ithumba isuswe nesiteshi wageza. I ukuhlinzwa wenziwa ngokushesha usebenzisa izinzwa wendawo. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela ufake abakhwabanisi zokususa ketshezi.

Ukwelapha esiyinhloko osteomyelitis odontogenic - nenqubo yokuhlinzwa, okubandakanya ukususwa izinyo, okuyinto umthombo ukutheleleka. Ngaphansi jikelele izinzwa subperiosteal asike izidumbu zabantu umkhiqizo abscesses. Isiko Kwenziwa ukunquma nozwela nezilwanyana ezincane nemithi. Phakathi ukuhlinzwa, isilonda amuncekela ke ukhethe ukwelashwa detoxication, antihistamine, imithi elwa namagciwane, i-calcium supplements, amavithamini, futhi nonspecific immunomodulating ejenti. Ingane liyadingeka anikezwe ukuphuza amanzi kakhulu sondle isitshalo futhi avalele bakhe ukudla.

yezinkinga

Osteomyelitis ezinganeni kungabangela yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Kungaba:

• ithambo ukukhubazeka;
• sokuqaqamba kwamalunga esitho;
• ngenxa pinching ka emgogodleni abalimala uhlelo zemisipha;
• uma isifo washaya ngokuhlanganyela hip noma izinyawo zezingane, ezimweni eziphambili kukhona immobilization kuphelele;
• kukhona ukuntengantenga emalungeni;
• kahle ukukhula amathambo;
• It ucala kutfutfukisa yesibili osteomyelitis okungamahlalakhona, kamuva kuholela ukuphazamiseka kokuma;
• kukhona dislocation elimazayo;
• osteomyelitis we maxilla, okuyinto evame kutholakala abafana, kubangela ukwakheka meningitis, entailing izinguquko emzimbeni.

isiphetho

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi osteomyelitis ezinganeni yezinkinga kuyindaba ebalulekile, ezokwelapha zesimanje ongaphumelela ukwelapha lesi sifo esibi, ukuqinisekisa onalesi sifo ukuzenza athandeke. Ngokwezibalo, inani labantu lincipha minyaka yonke. Abazali kudingeka ngonanzelelo impilo yezingane zabo, ukubona ukuthi akazange athole ngegciwane ukulimala kanye amanxeba, futhi ngokushesha afune usizo lwezokwelapha.