Orlando Lasso, Franco-Flemish umqambi: Biography, lokusungula

Orlando Lasso - bodumo Franco-Flemish umqambi Yenguquko. ifa lakhe kwezobuciko futhi zomculo mkhulu kangangokuba ingakamiswa uphenyo kuze kube sekupheleni. Umthelela ke okube nawo ezobuciko namasiko waso sonke isintu, kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngakho, ukuhlangabezana - Lasso Orlando (Orlando Lasso).

ebuntwaneni

Okwazalelwa kuyo umqambi unekhono 1532 ku Walloon emzini Mons (Belgium), lapho siwulimi olukhulunywa kuyinto labantu French.

Nge elihle, izwi oqeqeshwe kahle, Orlando kusukela ebuntwaneni iqala ukucula ekwayeni yesonto, ujabula endlebeni zabantu babo bonke ubudala amakilasi. Lapho, ngo-Cathedral of St Nicholas, kancane Orlando Di Lasso bajwayelane izimfundiso yesonto, benamandla lomoya wezenkolo futhi uthole umbono wokuthi i-art zomculo we isikhathi. Lolu lwazi ke kuyodingeka umthelela omkhulu empilweni kanye nomsebenzi wengane onekhono.

Siyabonga izwi lako elingavamile emibalabala Lasso Orlando kwesibhamu wathola ithuba eliyingqayizivele ukubaleka idolobha elincane futhi uqaphele amakhono abo creative.

Lokhu kwenzeke lapho eseneminyaka eyishumi nambili ubudala. On sithi yakhe sonorous enhle wakhomba Ferrante mina Gonzaga - Bala futhi Viceroy yeSisili, kwaqashwa nomholi wezempi we njengombusi woMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma. Wanikela ukubeka choristers abanamakhono nihlabelelela yesonto lakhe.

Lasso, Orlando wathatha isipho ukudalelwa. Ndawonye phambi kwenkosi yakhe, wahamba waya e-Italy, ngokuvakashela idolobha elihle ebabazekayo futhi behileleke nakwezamabhizinisi self-imfundo. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi Lasso Orlando iqala ukuqamba umculo isitayela temdzabu isiNtaliyane, futhi kuyanda ababephila ngesikhathi.

intsha

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa, Orlando Lasso, biography kanye lokusungula ayisihloko kwalesi sihloko, isevisi eya abavikela abadumile Neapolitan, Marquis della kwezintathu futhi iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ithalente futhi zizale.

Lasso kwakungelona kwabaneminyaka engamashumi amabili ubudala ngesikhathi okuthunyelwe wemfanelo futhi enethonya elikhulu Kapellmeister lombhishobhi lombhishobhi esingumRoma esasibizwa ngokuthi ngemva uSanta uJohane uMbhapathizi. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu abanje uphathiswe isikhundla sobuholi esibaluleke kangaka, kusho okuningi: Lasso-umqambi kwalinganiselwa bangesikhathi baziswa.

Imisebenzi yomqhubi weSifundo Se-wayengeyena nje baton kwe-orchestra bese choir, kodwa futhi ngokubhala umculo, anikezelwe ngezikhathi ezikhethekile.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, i-Orlando abanamakhono eshiya isikhundla sakhe esiphakeme futhi ukushiya ikhaya. Ngokwemibiko ethile, lokhu ngenxa yokugula kamama.

Imisebenzi yokuqala eyanyatheliswa

Ngemva kokufa abazali wakhe bathuthela e-Orlando Lasso lase-Antwerp lapho eqoqweni olwanyatheliswa imisebenzi yakhe abanamakhono. Lokhu umqambi osemusha usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa nokusekelwa Tilman Suzato - umqambi eyaziwa futhi notoizdatel abanethonya futhi wakuthola.

Iqoqo elikhulu kuhlanganisa imisebenzi ezincane ngothando lyrical isitayela Italian (madrigals) nemisebenzi strophic vocal (Chansons French) nangemisebenzi yokuphulukisa ukwakheka polyphonic (Motets Latin).

Promotion

Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nane, Orlando Lasso, ogama umculo eyathandwa kakhulu ngaphandle lonke izwe lakubo, kwaba isimemo kwesibhamu enkantolo lwaseBavaria iNkosana u-Albrecht V Albrecht Bavaria yayaziwa intukuthelo yakhe ezinhle futhi ube nesimo sengqondo ngabo maqondana abaculi.

Ekuqaleni umqambi wakhonza njengephayona chorister ekhwayeni. Wayephethe Tenor okusezingeni eliphezulu, wathatha lo okuthiwa amanothi wasebukhosini. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka elikhomba, umculi abanamakhono omethembayo indawo Kapellmeister.

He is nomona kakhulu futhi ngenkuthalo isethwe ukuthi isebenze. Lwenza iqembu kunesidingo abantu abavukwa izwi elihle hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi indlebe zomculo. Ngokuphelele wahlanganyela ukuqeqesha njalo umculi noma umculi.

Maduze, lesi ducal Choral-orchestra waba Ensemble professional kakhulu zomculo, udumo okuyinto wahamba emhlabeni wonke, futhi Munich - edolobheni ayekuyo - yaba enye yezindawo izikhungo ebaluleke kakhulu zomculo yeYurophu.

Orlando Lasso, omisebenzi yakhe njalo lwenziwa Chapel Bavarian, kancane kancane kwanda kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, phathelana bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe nokufundisa. Ngakho waqinisa ithalente lakhe futhi ithonya lakhe phakathi abathandi ubuciko, kanye lenyuka nenhloko-dolobha yalo.

ukuphuza umqambi

Ngalezo zinsuku, abaculi omkhulu futhi abanamakhono ngokuvamile baba izinceku abantu ezindlini lapho babekhonza khona. Kodwa Lasso Orlando lakwazi ukugwema ezifana isiphetho unenviable.

Benawo ingqondo ephapheme futhi umuzwa olukhulu amahlaya, umqambi wakwazi ukufika ehloniphekile, ngisho isimo sakhe sengqondo deferential phezu ingxenye ocebile nabakhulu. Lasso kwaba onekhono elihle lokuxoxa: ukwazi ukulalela ngokucophelela futhi ngesikhathi ukufaka izwi ngokuqephuza noma behlakaniphile. Ukuba ulwazi lwezinhlobo ezahlukene ubuciko, Orlando kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso connoisseur omkhulu futhi uchwepheshe ohlonishwayo. Wayengase ukufinyelela inhliziyo izinkulumo ngobuqotho noma funny amahlaya, eceleni kwakhe omunye babezizwa bekhululekile. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka emibili nje ngemva kokufika kwakhe enkantolo ducal of umqambi ebukekayo waganwa indodakazi ka i izintokazi ezinethonya waqhuba ukuphila evulekile yomphakathi, simema sikadokotela siqu Albrecht V

eminyakeni yamuva

Ukufeza imisebenzi yabo ye Kapellmeister, Orlando Lasso e-Italy, eFrance naseNgilandi. Waxoxela lakhe lokusungula nabanye abaculi abanethalente, uye wabuthela ukuhamba imizwa ezintsha kanye nemigqondo, wahosha ugqozi kuzo.

Ngaphambili he - kakade kulo umqambi wezingoma odumile ahlinzekwa endaweni udumo ku Dresden nenkosi Saxony, kodwa wenqaba ke, kanye nezinye izimemo eziningi ezilingayo, ngoba bengafuni ukubulala ngendlela ezimisiwe zokuphila futhi ushiye egcekeni, lapho athola khona ukuthula nenhlalakahle.

Kuthiwa kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila Lasso kwaba okuhle obehlale ngisho ngobuningi ngaphezulu. Yamanje Duke (futhi lokhu wayeyindodana Albrecht - UWilliam abangcwele) kukhishwa kuye kusukela imisebenzi yakhe njengoMpristi Kapellmeister ezempilo, ukwaba izinzuzo eside umhlalaphansi futhi banikeza inkulumo villa enhle.

Ukwakhiwa yobuciko zomculo

On umsebenzi umqambi sika futhi wathonywa kakhulu nangabanye uhambo lwakhe phesheya eYurophu. Sijule isiko emazweni ahlukahlukene, it is kakhulu kubonakala ku izici zayo kazwelonke futhi ufunde emisebenzini yazo lokho ayecabanga ukuthi impumelelo ezigqame yimpumelelo kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.

On yalelozwe neyobuntu Lasso, wayebonisa e emibhalweni yakhe eminingi ukuthonywa Ebudlelwaneni bakhe enjalo izimbongi French pleyadovtsami njengoba Ronsard futhi de Baifa.

lokusungula zenkolo

Iningi izingcezu vocal Lasso - a umculo isonto, equkethe izinkondlo umqambi sika siqu noma imilolotelo zashintshwa waboleka lesisho.

Lapha, kukhulunywa kufanele wenziwe ezingaphezu kuka uquqaba ayisithupha nombhali, Requiem yakhe (emngcwabeni noma ulilela oratorios ezinkulu) kanye nowe ezine passion (imisebenzi lamaqembu okukhulu enikelwe zikaKristu). umculo isonto Evumelanayo nangawo nangemisebenzi yokuphulukisa Orlando laloku lokubhalwe lapha ngentasi:

1. Officiorum oNgcwele Isonto - isevisi ekhethekile, edwetshwe iwashi.
2. Abangaphezu kwekhulu Sam, ngokusekelwe umthandazo (noma ukubonga) Mary - Umama kaKristu, othathwe eVangelini likaLuka, isahluko sokuqala.
3. Abangaphezu kwekhulu emaculweni - ezidumisa izinhlamvu waseBhayibhelini.
4. eminye imisebenzi engokomoya eminingi (e isitayela chanson noma Madrigal). Iphinde Kumele kuqashelwe chanson lolungenamaphutsa ababulawa yomJuda uSusanna futhi wabadala ababili ababi. Indaba ethandwa somkhiqizo ethathwa imithombo angasi-canonical noma ye-Apocrypha,.
5. chants sezenkolo zisekelwe emiBhalweni.
6. Amakhulu madrigals ngokomoya futhi Motets, kuhlanganise umjikelezo edume kakhulu futhi ebalulekile izingoma semigolosnyh 'Izinyembezi iSt Peter "amancane iqoqo" Penitential AMAHUBO. "

umsebenzi wokuziphilisa

Kodwa-Orlando Lasso akazange agcine amathalente akhe imisebenzi yenkolo kuphela. Umculo Yenguquko kwakungeke umsebenzi ezehlukile, esiphuthumayo futhi olunzulu ezinjalo lovely, olusha futhi ngokubabazekayo, uma hhayi yakhe. Phakathi kwabo bayoba khona kudingeka sinake okulandelayo:

1. Engaphezu kweyodwa, anamanci mahlanu Villanelle. Villanelle - ingoma angadle ngabuhle obutheni e Neapolitan isitayela, ebonakala izinkondlo lyric wezwakalisa ahlekisayo polyphonic umculo.
2. Cishe abangamakhulu amabili moresok. Moreschi - indlela yokwakheka ukucula nokudansa, whimsically esibonisa amaMoor.
3. Canzones setha. Canzone - ingoma lyrical we troubadours.
4. Engaphezu kweyodwa namashumi amane iculo German ubudala.
5. Mayelana amabili namashumi amahlanu wokuziphilisa madrigals, Chansons futhi faburdonov.
6. Cishe anamakhulu mahlanu Motets. Motet - vocal umsebenzi polyphonic nge ishede polyphonic. Lasso imisebenzi enjalo ayehloselwe izinto zezwe, izinjongo didactic noma ngokwesiko.

imisebenzi ezihlekisayo

Lasso futhi wabhala iculo yamahlaya. Ngokwesibonelo, kokuphuza kwakhe ingoma ( "Manje ijabule," noma "Nkulunkulu, wenza iwayini") zigcwele ezinemibala egqamile of ezihlekisayo futhi ifundeka kalula. They akha abalaleli ngenxa ngendlela enhle, uphumule bese nijabula, ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuze ngesikhathi emadilini kanye nemikhosi.

Bebahleka umsindo wezwa encwadini edumile uthando misindo elabhalwa Orlando, lapho mncane touch ezihlekisayo indlela, lathi isosha laseJalimane obuhlanekezela amazwi Italy.

Liphinde umqambi omkhulu wadala eziningi imisebenzi kalula, lapho ifomu ngokunganaki ukudlala echazwe izikhathi izinto kalula, okukuyo kungasho lutho noma kunomoya ethathwe ekuphileni izinto.

Kuyadingeka ukuba basho chanson yakhe ngokunganaki eziwubuwula okusezingeni eliphezulu umphakathi abesifazane, okuyinto ubheka imvelo zemabula esifanekisweni; noma Villanelle mayelana lokuphotha esihle, okuyinto adayiswa phezu isampula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi lokuphotha lapha kwakusho owesifazane zobuhle lula, ukuthengisa uthando lwabo nabanye.

Phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi ezihlekisayo ezidingekile umnqopho, banake emibhalweni okuqukethwe okusolwayo, ekhazimulisa utshwala nokudakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayehlukanisa usethe njengoba mbumbulu mbumbulu we Motets sina.

izici zayo lokusungula

Umculo Yenguquko ngeke uzokhanya ngakho futhi ezihlukahlukene, hhayi njengoba ehlukile futhi lesichubekako, uma hhayi umsebenzi okudala Orlando Lasso.

Isitayela Lasso - inhlanganisela avumelanayo folk izigcawu kusuka ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ngomculo sublime nezingokomoya professional, ezifundisayo indaba ephathwayo.

Ezinkondlweni zakhe, umqambi omkhulu abayekanga kuphela eyodwa lwendaba noma ngohlobo olulodwa. Kusetshenziswa izitayela ezahlukene kanye nokusungulwa, Orlando wabhala imisebenzi yakhe phezu izindikimba zesikole nangokomoya, futhi umculo wakhe emhlabeni kwaba yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi ezihlukahlukene. Ayengakwenza ngokulinganayo abanamakhono futhi ubhekane namaqiniso ukudluliswa Motifs ngengoma kanye umsindo ezihlekisayo, nakho okungokomoya ezicashile kanye izifiso abanothando zokukhanuka, ukucabanga lwendabuko kanye ezamehlela okuyihlazo.

Ukusebenzisa folk kanye zamasiko kwenanela Lasso wadala aqanjwe eziyinkimbinkimbi imiculo ezimibalabala ngezinga elikhulu, virtuoso ukushintsha ithoni vibration.

Ngo izingoma zabo umculi onekhono uye wasebenzisa eminye imisindo - ukukhala emgwaqweni noma tinkhomba umndeni, wabanika okukhulu uhlamvu noma umugqa umdanso esiyingqayizivele okungukuthi ezinye emisha ubuciko zomculo we isikhathi.

ukuphila Siqu

Orlando Lasso, washada eneminyaka engu-iminyaka emashumi mabini anesithoba engukumkani inkantolo Bavarian lady yizicukuthwane Regina Vekinger. Kwaba umshado esikhathini eside izingane eziningi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezimbili labantwana bakwa-umqambi omkhulu - Rudolph kanye Ferdinand - kamuva owaba abaculi ezinhle.

ukufa

Orlando Lasso washona ngo Munich eneminyaka engu engamashumi ayisithupha nambili. Wembelwa esontweni Franciscan.

Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa kwakhe yakhululwa sokunethezeka, obomvu zemabula, lesikhumbuzo. Itshe eliyinhloko kuvezwa isithombe ukungcwatshwa kaKristu, futhi inzalo oshonile kuze wesilisa, futhi umkakhe - ngenzalo zesifazane.

Libhalwe esiqoshiwe sase-kwaba Epitaph laudatory eside, kanye Crest umndeni Lasso.

Ngenxa kwemibhikisho mass ezaqala ngo 1800s eBavaria, isiphetho tombstones okwamanje akwaziwa.