Occupational Ukuphepha Health e Ezolimo kusukela iphuzu isimo buka,

Esikhathini Russian Federation, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inani elikhulu labantu ehilelekile ezolimo, ayikho imithetho ngempumelelo elawula izindawo eziningi imisebenzi namabhizinisi athintene nezolimo. Ukuvikelwa basemsebenzini kwezolimo ingenye nezindaba lapho ngesikhathi sanamuhla ingaxazululwa ezingeni federal nhlobo. Futhi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lonke lelo zwe, kukhona 27898 amabhizinisi ezolimo. Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kulezi nemabhizinisi hhayi kuphela Agro-izakhiwo, kodwa izakhiwo iyokhandwa kanye nokugcinwa imishini yezolimo (200 yalezi zinkampani akuzona njengoba nje emagalaji noma workshop bahlanganisa mechanical izitshalo ukulungisa). It ikuvumela ukubeka lezi zinkampani ku imisebenzi yezokuphepha iconsi ke belingana medium and ukukhiqizwa encane ezimbonini. Nokho, ezempilo nezokuphepha kwabasebenzi kwezolimo ngoba kwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni kwemithetho ezimbalwa ukulahlekelwa isimo, okuyinto akufaki yimuphi umthwalo lwabaphathi kanye nokuqapha ukuhambisana nemithetho nemigomo zomsebenzi isiyalo. Sikhuluma engekho "Imithetho le-Ministry of Ezolimo Russia", esanyatheliswa futhi yamukelwa umagazini omusha we isixhumanisi esisodwa esiyinhloko (ezaqedwa Umnyango WezabaSebenzi Ukuvikelwa) okuhloswe ngalo ukuqinisekisa impilo nokuphepha kwezolimo. Manje Ukuvikelwa basemsebenzini kwezolimo izimisele endaweni ethile ye-Ministry of Health kanye WeNtuthuko WaseRussia. Nokho, enkonzweni akuwenzi ukubhekana nale nkinga e- zonke, okungenani okwamanje.

Yingakho lapho othile wezokuphepha emsebenzini kanye nezempilo kwezolimo zingekho nje kuleli zwe lidlula izibalo esidumazayo ukulimala kwezolimo. Futhi ngokusho izibalo efanayo olusemthethweni, cishe njalo ukulimala yesihlanu kwezolimo iza nemiphumela ebulalayo. Amagatsha eyinhloko ezolimo jikelele abanayo imibhalo ethize elawula imisebenzi yabo mayelana nalezi zinkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, imigomo ezempilo nezokuphepha kwabasebenzi ezikulesi simila futhi umsebenzi inhlangano e nemfuyo ukulima Sekuyisikhathi eside ukhohliwe, futhi awaveli asemthethweni.

Ingabe isimo ezibukela phansi ukubaluleka ezithinta ukuphepha emsebenzini kanye nezempilo, ngokuphambene ngqo nezidingo soMthethosisekelo kanye Labor Ikhodi. Kusukela sigaba isimo sabo emphakathini , sibhalwe ngokucacile kakhulu kushiwo isikhundla kwi ezempilo ezweni lonke, futhi uchaza izindlela hhayi kuphela ezingeni federal, kodwa futhi ezincane lesifunda.

inqubomgomo iziphathimandla zikahulumeni (amandla esiphezulu emkhakheni kanye phakathi nendawo) okunjalo awuzibhebhezeli ukulondeka nesivikelo abasebenzi yezolimo, kubandakanya abasebenzi abasebenza amabhizinisi ehilelekile ukukhanda kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini ka Agro-izimboni.

Kule ndaba, lokho kungaba ukuvikelwa basemsebenzini kwezolimo ke wayebhekwa ezingeni esemthethweni bese uvumele alawule ngempumelelo izinqubo abasebenza amabhizinisi ezolimo banikezwe eziningi iziphakamiso. Bathi:

1. Isidingo Regulation entsha phezu min wezoLimo we Russian Federation ukuba aphinde acabange futhi abuyisele kwesigaba ngokuphathelene ukubalekela imithwalo yemfanelo yokuba Ministry of ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi, ngenxa emnothweni emakethe.

2. Buyisela umnyango (isevisi) ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kule mboni, okumele libe amayunithi abo yonkana thwi kusukela phezulu kuya phansi njengoba kuhle ngenxa ubudlelwane emakethe.

3. Ezindaweni agudle enkonzweni ukuze sifeze umgomo okuqhubekayo mayelana ngcono ukuvikelwa zabasebenzi amabhizinisi, ngokugxila kanye nezinjongo medium nezincane amabhizinisi ezolimo kanye amapulazi amancane kanye nalezo ezizimele.

4. Yenza iqoqo okuqhubekayo kanye nokuhlaziywa ulwazi ukulimala zezimboni kanye nezifo occupational kuyo yonke imikhakha ezolimo. Khona-ke ukushicilela imibhalo ezilungisiwe nge imiphumela azihlole futhi iziphakamiso (izimfuno) ukuze kuvinjwe enjalo noma okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa amacala anjalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala ezihlukahlukene amapheshana kanye abaphathi namabhukwana ibhizinisi neyokuphatha iziphathimandla ezindaweni.

Ngaphandle iziphakamiso ngenhla kushiwo kukhona nabanye abaningi ukuthi siye abachazwa njengabavela zilotshiwe ngenhla iyaphindwa ne concretization ka abadlali kanye amathuluzi.