Nokuvinjelwa inhliziyo - kuyini? Izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa inhliziyo block

Bayanda abantu abahlushwa nezinkinga zenhliziyo. ukucindezeleka okweqile ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, yizifo ezingamahlalakhona, kuba imikhuba emibi - konke lokhu ngeke kodwa kuthinta yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Omunye zokugula eyingozi kakhulu block inhliziyo - isifo kwenzeka noma njengoba ezimele noma uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izifo. Ngakho, isimo lapho siyehla noma okuvimba ukudluliselwa umfutho we imisipha yenhliziyo, ibizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo block. Kuyini lokhu sifo, yiziphi izizathu ngendlela, izimpawu, izimpawu, ungazivikela kanjani kuso?

izizathu

I zokugula kungenzeka ngokwalo noma ngenxa yezinye izifo noma inkinga. Esimweni sokuqala, indima eyadlalwa yofuzo. Uma umuntu emkhayeni ohluphekayo kusukela izinkinga inhliziyo, khona-ke has a chance esingcono sokuthungatha kokuba ehlaselwa isifo okuthiwa "inhliziyo block." Kuyinto ingozi engathi sína, akubona bonke uyazi, futhi iziguli ngisho nokuwabona amacala amaningi izinkinga ezingaba khona e esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ngalesikhatsi kuchutjekwa nekwenta kuholele ekuphileni okuvamile. yesifo azalwa naso - kungenye sezici ezinomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni nezinkinga simiso yinhliziyo yomuntu.

Inhliziyo block kungabuye athuthukile ngokumelene isizinda izifo ezifana myocarditis, angina, kardiosklerosis, isilethikusebenza, ukuqina imisipha yenhliziyo, nabanye. Esinye isizathu kuphuma overdosage izidakamizwa noma umthamo ayilungile imithi. Kule kusobala ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ulandele iseluleko udokotela noma ngokucophelela kabusha ufunde imiyalelo ukusetshenziswa.

izinhlobo

Ukuvaleka kungenziwa isebenze izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, ebheka ngezigaba yayo kanye nokwelashwa.

Lapho atrial (sinotrialnyh) ukuvinjelwa ngo-atrial imisipha ezingeni siyehla ngiyibona emsipheni. Uma ATRIUM kwesokunxele, bese isimo esinjalo namanje igama ngakwesokunxele inhliziyo block, uma kulungile, bese kwesokudla. Lokhu zokugula kalula kakhulu kudidaniswe bradycardia - okwehlisa we isigqi inhliziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu enempilo engaveza lolu hlobo ukuvinjelwa. degree Sikuveze ephelezelwa Ukudlikizela nokuquleka.

block Atrio-esiswini noma atrioventricular athuthukile kudalwa ukwephulwa umfutho endleleni kusukela Atria kuya ventricles. Ukuvinjelwa ventricle - isimo lapho conductivity sinqamukile e block besigaxa legatsha. Kuvusa isifo kungaba nezinkinga ezifana zenhliziyo, isifo ischemic kwenhliziyo, endocarditis infective, myocarditis, isilethikusebenza. Esinye isimo - block inhliziyo legatsha. Enye igama elivamile sifo - isifo of the imilenze besigaxa legatsha block. Uma kutholakala kuphela ukuvimba nomlenze wesokunene wenhliziyo (noma kwesobunxele), ingozi ukuze ukuphila kwakhe, wahlala akazange anikeze. zimbi kakhulu lapho ukuvinjelwa yokuthi ogulayo uphelelwa imilenze yomibili, khona-ke zidinga esibhedlela ngokushesha futhi ukwelashwa okufanele.

Atrioventricular block degree I neyesi-II

Uma isiguli kutholakala atrioventricular inhliziyo block (okuyinto - kahle ukukhombisa electrocardiogram), isimo kanye Izibikezelo kuxhomeke ezingeni esiphakamisa kuwo kukhona ezintathu. Izinga lokuqala ephawulwe kancane le conduction inkanuko. Izizathu ukuthuthukiswa lingama ukwephula electrolyte nemvelo, acute isilethikusebenza, myocarditis, kakhudlwana ithoni vagal, ukweqisa izidakamizwa of imithi yokwelapha inhliziyo. Ukungasinaki lesi sifo kungaholela ekuphileni kwabantu ngezinga elingakaze anda noma kulandzelana kwetindzima ukuvinjelwa.

Izinga lesibili libhekene bengena ventricles akubona bonke pulses. izimpawu Clinical sibeke: ubuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi, hypoperfusion, bradycardia, umfutho ophansi wegazi, ishayela okungajwayelekile. Kushiya ukuthuthukiswa izifo can ezemidlalo professional, myocarditis acute, ukuhlinzwa ku valve, ukukhubazeka inhliziyo, vagotonia.

degree Okwesithathu block atrioventricular

Nokuvinjelwa ngezinga yesithathu, noma ukuvinjelwa ephelele - isimo lapho i-pulse akuyona eyenziwa ngaso sonke. Ventricular futhi atrial zenzeka ngaphandle kokubheka nomunye. Isiguli singase sithole zimpawu ezilandelayo: ubuhlungu besifuba, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, iphika, ubuthakathaka, isiyezi, ukujuluka, ukungakhuli ukwazi, ukufa okuzumayo singenzeka.

Izizathu ukuvinjelwa zitholwa iziyaluyalu umzimba, acute imfiva ye-rheumatism, myocarditis, isilethikusebenza, ukuxakeka emva kokuhlinzwa, ukweqisa izidakamizwa izidakamizwa.

Inhliziyo ukuvinjelwa akuphelele

Lesi sifo sivame uma e nentsha kanye kuze kubhekwe njengento okuhlukile kuyinsakavukela. Ingozi kuphela owabuzwa ukuvinjelwa ongaphelele inhliziyo - ukuthi lesi simo senzeka angakhula abe full. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sifo ezihambisana ne ukuthuthukiswa organic inhliziyo iziyaluyalu: zenhliziyo, yomthambo i-aorta ne-valve ukungasebenzi, unesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo, yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo. Sifo ukuvinjelwa akuphelele wenziwa usebenzisa electrocardiogram.

Ngezinye izikhathi iziguli uxilongwe "ukuvinjelwa ongaphelele nomlenze wesokunene wenhliziyo" (besigaxa legatsha block). Lesi sifo angase abe uhlobo azalwa naso noma bathenga, futhi lihlotshaniswa ukwephulwa ngokwengxenye esisuka nomlenze wesokunene wa- ishayela kagesi. It uyaqhubeka kungavamile ukuba ingozi, akukho uhlobo oluthile lokwelapha iyadingeka futhi ayikwazi akuvamile iye ukuvinjelwa egcwele. ukuvinjelwa ongaphelele ventricle futhi akuyona yingozi, kodwa ngibona ukuziphatha kwakhe kubalulekile ukuvikela inchubekelembili.

Inhliziyo block izingane

Lapho umqhubi amaseli yohlobo wesibili nowesithathu, obhekene ukudluliselwa amaza kagesi sibe myocardium contractile ngohlelo introducer, ukusebenza kahle, izingane ukuthuthukisa inhliziyo block. Kwasendaweni kungase kube block ventricular (kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele inhliziyo block), atrioventricular noma block sinoatrial, ngoba ukuphelela - ephelele futhi akuphelele, maqondana block besigaxa legatsha - transverse noma longitudinal.

izinkinga Inhliziyo ingane kungase azalwa naso futhi atholwe. Uma izingane ukuthola zokugula yanoma yiluphi uhlobo kwenhliziyo, udinga ngokuphuthuma ukuze odokotela (wezingane, wenhliziyo) futhi baqala ukwelashwa. Okuvela kuyo inhliziyo block izingane ngeke ukuphuca ingane kungenzeka uphile impilo ejwayelekile, kuyoba njalo ukuphishekela izimpawu, yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa inhliziyo yezinkinga isifo, ukuqapha isimo sezempilo yengane, nganoma iyiphi indlela ukulwa wokuphila kwakhe.

ukuhlola

Ukuxilongwa inhliziyo block ngendlela efanele usaqala kungaba isinyathelo yimpumelelo endleleni eya ekululameni. ke Kuyancomeka ukufuna usizo lapho zikhathazeke izimpawu okuncane, hhayi kuphela lapho kuthatha i-ambulensi. Ingozi lesi sifo incike esimweni ngabanye. Futhi uma isiguli akuphelele ungaqhubeka ukuphila okuvamile, amafomu ephelele kungaholela yezinkinga ezinzima, ngisho nokufa.

Xilonga zokugula kungenziwa okusekelwe imiphumela electrocardiogram, okuyinto ngesikhathi isifundo wenza sikwazi ukuhlola isimo isitho. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba acabangele yokuthi okuvela okuvimba kungaba gqwa. ukuvinjelwa zesikhashana uphenyo usebenzisa treadmill test, ukuqapha Holter, kodwa futhi echocardiography angabelwa ukuqinisekisa uphethwe.

ukwelashwa

blockades ukwelashwa sehlukaniswe izinyathelo ezibalulekile eziningana. Okokuqala, kuba ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi bese - ukusungula uhlobo kanye izimbangela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi isenzo kufanele okuhloswe ngazo ukubhekana nezimbangela (uma uthenge). Kwezinye izimo (ukuvinjelwa akuphelele) ligcinwe ukuqapha kuphela. Badlule ukuphathwa ngokushesha okuvimba, okuyinto, kuye ngobucayi, kungase kube yezokwelapha noma kuhlinzwa.

Lapho ukwelapha imithi ngokuvamile ebekiwe izidakamizwa ezifana "Ortsiprenalina sulfate", "Izoprenarina hydrochloride" "atropine". isimo Heavy isiguli kanye nokungasebenzi ngendlela kulele ukuthaka imithi kungase kube uphawu for EHAMBAHAMBA okwesikhashana noma unomphela. yenzeka pacemaker wenziwa advantageously iziguli iminyaka 60-70 ubudala.