Ngemva kwalokho iklabishi isitshalo? Indlela ukutshala iklabishi? Lapho ukutshala iklabishi?

Noma yimuphi izithombo kufanele zingatshalwa hhayi kuphela elungile, kodwa futhi kahle itshalwe emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima ebalulekile udlalwa ngu ukulungiselelwa ngokucophelela enhlabathini, khona-ke isitshalo iklabishi, radishes kanye anyanisi. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa izici iklabishi lokubikezela, eziqala ukulima noma Ukukhetha yisithombo futhi kokuqeda zitshala bayifaka ekhanyayo.

Izici Ukukhetha futhi transplanting

Uma ungenalo akhule kusukela imbewu iklabishi, futhi bakhetha ukuthenga izithombo ngomumo, khumbula iziqondiso ezithile. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha ezihlabayo esiyisigqigqi uqine, ukugwema ngeziqu ngentambo omnyama - bakhuluma ngezifo zemifino. Okwesibili, akudingekile ukuthatha izithombo, okuyinto ukuvuvukala Izigaxana - ke kufakazela kokunqotshwa clubroot.

Indlela ukutshala izithombo iklabishi? Ukuze uqale, khetha sezihlahla kuphela okuhle futhi unempilo, ezithinta amashidi okungenani ezinhlanu eqinile. Lezi ezihlabayo wangcwatshwa emhlabathini kuze kufinyelele lapho uphuma khona, kubalulekile ukuthi izimpande musa ukuhlala phezu. Ngemva betshala phansi kufanele kube ohlangene bese ephuzisa.

ukunakekelwa Izici

Iklabishi - zemifino efunwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke nokulinakekela ukushwampuluza. Okokuqala, kudingeka alungiselele umquba rotted - ngamunye square imitha uzodinga 10 kg umquba kanye wezipuni ezimbalwa Umanyolo ke udinga bambe up phansi. Ngakho ukutshala iklabishi ukwazi akubona bonke, ngokuvamile kakhulu izithombo itshalwe endaweni efanayo lapho akhulela kulo nyaka odlule. Kuyinto sibi, ngoba izwe bayozibuthela Amagciwane izifo ezihlukahlukene avele izibungu, okuzokwenza ukulimaza izimpande. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka amboze izithombo itshalwe, isibonelo, ikhava esobala.

Ukuze uthole izithombo eqinile okudingeka ukwenze kahle ukulungiselela okunomsoco Peat ingxube, wayesezibeka iklabishi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusukela ekwindla kuba efiselekayo ukulungiselela phansi: ukuxuba Turf kanye humus, engeza kubo umlotha (owodwa isipuni at phansi kilogram ngamunye) uhlanganise substrate okuholela. Ash kuzovumela ukuze uthuthukise micro- inhlabathi kanye vumelekile izakhi, kanye ukukhonza njengoba uyakulondoloza ezinhle, ngakho ngeke avele ku izithombo imilenze Black.

Yikuphi izinhlobo ukukhetha?

Uma ufuna ukuthola imifino ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, banake izinhlobo "North," "I-June" noma "Gribovskaya", ngo-August, sesivuthiwe "Ethembeni" futhi "Belarusian", kodwa izinhlobo yakamuva kakhulu - "Amager" noma "Moscow". Akufanele sibakhohlwe - iklabishi izithombo Kufanele kube eqinile futhi enamandla. By the way, akusho ukuthi kufanele akhulekelwe kulona iklabishi emhlophe. Ngokwesibonelo, abekho ngaphansi kohlrabi esihlwabusayo futhi ewusizo - lokhu ezihlukahlukene kungenziwa itshalwe ekhoneni we abamba ukushisa bese batshala ezihlabayo mayelana 20 izinsuku kakade ensimini.

ukulungiselela imbewu

Growing imbewu iklabishi - futhi inqubo eside. Impumelelo Its ekutheni yimalini izinga zokutshala impahla kuyakhethwa. Uma uhlangabezana mbumbulu noma imbewu engafanele egcinwe, ukuvuna kungalindeleka. Yingakho ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu kufanele uhlole kubo ngoba ukuhluma. Ngenxa yale njongo, angase zihambisana ngendwangu eswakeme ke shiya ngosuku 5. Ngemva kwalokho, imbewu ezibekwe ngamanzi abandayo kanye ofakwe isixazululo nitrophosphate, namanzi.

Ukuze sifinyelele abandayo imbewu ukumelana kudingeka uwafake esiqandisini futhi agcinwe at -1 degrees. Abaningi banesithakazelo, isikhathi sokutshala iklabishi izithombo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhathi ihlukile - ke kuncike ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo ekuseni kungenziwa itshalwe kusukela ngoMashi 15, futhi srednepozdnie - Ephreli 10. Imbewu zitshalwa ingxube inhlabathi ukuthi uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi. Izwe kuyadingeka ukuze ungeze 2 tbsp izinkuni umlotha futhi isipuni esigcwele superphosphate. Khona-ke, inhlabathi ligcwele ebhokisini, yenziwa notch 1 cm ukujula at ibanga 10 cm komunye nomunye. Imbewu kancane ulele, ngemva kwalokho izwe kuyadingeka ukuze uthele. Uma izithombo uyokwakha kahle - stem 5 mm obukhulu, kuzoba amahlamvu okungenani 5 - itshale iklabishi ku ekhanyayo.

omakhelwane engcono

Kusukela kahle ifaniswe endaweni nezinye imifino amahlumela luyokhula ngcono kakhulu. Abalimi abaningi abakwazi banqume ukuthi ukutshala iklabishi. Ukuze uqale, kuyafaneleka ethi kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho embalwa:

1. I kokumethemba kangcono lokhu yemifino ezibhekwa okusabhontshisi, okusanhlamvu, izimpande kanye ukhukhamba.
2. Awukwazi sikhule iklabishi eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu ilandelana endaweni efanayo.
3. Umhlabatsi iklabishi kumele kube evundile ehlelekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho inketho ekahle - kuba loam, lapho eziningi humus, futhi lapho kugcina umswakama kahle. Inhlabathi kumele kube neutrally.

Ochwepheshe bathi ukuhlanganiswa abakhethiwe kahle izitshalo engadini - isifungo sokuthi isivuno uyoba mkhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezihlukahlukene izitshalo (imifino, izithelo) angaba nemiphumela emibi omakhelwane bayo, isibonelo, ukuthatha kude izakhi noma okubangela ukuphazamiseka umzimba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amahlumela kanye ukhukhamba, utamatisi, ithanga, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi onion zithathwa emhlabathini eziningi izakhi. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo yini ukutshala iklabishi, uhlala efanele.

Abalimi nokubambelela mithetho elandelayo lapho zitshala: kuhle izitshalo ezinhle komakhelwane nge isakhiwo eside impande nalabo amasiko abangenawo izimpande ahlukile. Lokhu kokwehla kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo musa ezidla izakhi namanzi. Akunakwenzeka ukutshala iklabishi eduze isipinashi, ngoba yokugcina zidinga ukuthambisa njalo, futhi iklabishi ngokwanele owomile ngesilinganiso.

Ukupheka ingxenye predetermined

Uma isayithi enhlabathini ene-asidi, kufanele wahlanganyela ekuwulungiseleleni ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu yokumba kumele wengeze lime hydrated, okuyinto ungayithola enye by ufulawa dolomite noma powder wokulinganisa. Per imitha sikwele uzodinga mayelana inkomishi noma ezimbili powder. I imibhede kumele wemba ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo, enezele futhi izinto eziphilayo kanye amaminerali, wayesezibeka iklabishi. The best inketho umquba - nemiyalezo, Nokho, kuyabiza kakhulu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi iklabishi kuyinto kakhulu sensitive manyolo organic eziqukethwe phansi. Nokho, ngaphandle kwabo awukwazi ukwenza, ngakho zalisa inhlabathi kumele ngokuphumelelayo.

Ngakho, slabookulturennuyu inhlabathi kumele ungeze ku umquba - kuye ngohlobo komhlaba. Spring kungaba zalisa phansi nge humus umquba noma umquba ngesilinganiso 3-4 kg ngalinye square imitha ngesakhiwo. Uma Umanyolo incane, ungenza kubo ngesikhathi esisodwa ku kokufika ukuba kahle ngayinye, okuyinto ke itshalwe izithombo.

Nini futhi kanjani ukutshala?

Njengoba sekushiwo, inqubo kumele kwenziwe kuncike ezihlukahlukene. iklabishi Early kungenziwa itshalwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-April kuya ku ngesonto lokuqala May, futhi eduze ngasekupheleni kuka-May kungenziwa itshalwe izinhlobo sekwephuzile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isikhathi isikhathi sokutshala iklabishi, kuhluke kwezinye izindawo kuleli zwe, kuncike zone zezulu.

kokwehla technology onezici ezithile:

1. izinhlobonhlobo Early itshalwe kanje: phakathi imigqa kufanele ahlale ibanga 45 cm, futhi eziningi ibanga kufanele kube ngu-25 cm.
2. Lapho ukutshala ngasekupheleni izinhlobo lide ibanga, phakathi imigqa - cm 60 ephakathi ehlathini - 35 cm.

Ukuze sati kutsi sikhashane kangakanani ukutshala iklabishi, kubalulekile ukuthi imifino kahle athuthukile kanye ungagxambukeli nomunye ngesikhathi wokubopha yekhanda. inqubo ngokwalo zitshala futhi enezinto eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Okokuqala, lesi sitshalo kufanele ibe sezulu esinamafu, futhi uma kukhona imfiva, kumane ntambama. Okwesibili, ukungcwaba izithombo kufanele amahlamvu yokuqala yeqiniso. Okwesithathu, ukuthuthukisa engraftment ehlathini ezinsukwini zokuqala 5-6 kubalulekile fafaza amahlumela kusukela yamanzi. Okwesine, ukugwema amahlamvu ukusha iklabishi, nezihlahla kufanele itshalwe ezindaweni ukubopha.

Izici anakekele: ukuchelela kanye hoeing

Ukuze zikhule iklabishi, kubalulekile ukuba banake kakhulu kule nqubo. Ngokushesha emva kokutshala ukuthambisa kufanele uqaphele - njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, emavikini ekucala ezimbili, ngesikhathi esifanayo kwenye imitha square udinga okungenani 7-8 amalitha amanzi. Khona-ke ukuthambisa kungenziwa kancane njalo - kanye ngesonto cishe 10 amalitha per imitha square ka imibhede. inqubo ziba ngcono nakho kufeza indima ebalulekile. Uma semvula, kufanele athambise umhlabathi aze aphakame cishe 8 cm ukujula futhi ziba ngcono bahlanganyele njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-6. Amaviki amathathu ngemva zitshala emhlabathini wenziwa hilling lokuqala, futhi ngemva kwenye izinsuku ezingu-10 - futhi. Kule nqubo, kubalulekile ukuba uthinte phansi ikhanda kanye izimpande.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana yokudla

Ukuze zikhule iklabishi eliqinile, kubalulekile ukubhekana sigqoka yayo. Ngakho, ukuqala ukwenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuze abe iluhlaza nemifino bonyana uhlume ngebelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, emva kwezinsuku 20 zitshala ukuqala ukondla izithombo. By endleleni, kuwo wonke ukukhula nokuthuthuka iklabishi kokukhulelwa kufanele kwenteke lokungenani izikhathi ezintathu noma ezine. Ngokokuqala ngqá kudala ikhambi elandelayo: thatha 10 l yamanzi lizalele kukhona 2 wezipuni umquba (isb, "Effekton" ukulungiselela). Ukuvundiswa enze ngesilinganiso mayelana isigamu ilitha isidleke ngasinye.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva kwesikhathi yokudla wokuqala iza yesibili. Ngenxa yalesi futhi emumva kwengu- 10 amalitha amanzi buhlanjululwe pint mullein noma inkukhu umquba, anezela isipuni Umanyolo "Kemira". Ngesinye isitshalo, sidinga cishe ilitha isixazululo. Lezi ezimbili okudingeka efaka umquba ekutshaleni ekuseni nezinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile of iklabishi.

Esesithathu yokudla balimi aphethwe Juni. Ukuze lokhu kuthathwa 10 l amanzi bese 2 wezipuni superphosphate kanye potassium sulfate isipuni. Per imitha square kufanele lithululwe mayelana 7 amalitha kwengoma. A sigqoka wesine kumele kwenziwe ngo-August: okwenza laqanjwa 10 L amanzi isipuni nitrophosphate futhi bachithe cishe 8 amalitha ngamunye imitha square. Ungakhohlwa mayelana izinambuzane njengoba iminenke, aphid kanye slugs. Abakwazi luphathwe izinkuni umlotha - ingilazi imitha square.

Ukutshala iklabishi emhlabathini: izici inqubo

Iklabishi of izinhlobo sekwephuzile, ngokuvamile Nokho otshalwa e-ekhanyayo, futhi le nqubo, obonakala ulula, eqinisweni, kufanele kahle ihlolwe. Futhi ungasebenzisi izithombo, futhi imbewu yokutshala entwasahlobo. Ngaphambi ayihlwanyelayo, idinga i-athambise kahle inhlabathi kahle wokuqeda ke ukhula bese ukuhlwanyela imbewu - at a-3 cm ukujula isici ukutshalwa ongaphandle wukuthi odinga ukukwazi lapho izithombo kuqala .. Inkinga wukuthi bangakwazi ahlaselwe zigcwele mabhungane, futhi ngoba udinga banakekele Ukuvikelwa sezihlahla. Indlela ukukwenza?

Okokuqala, udinga zihlolwe njalo Kuphendula. Uma ngokungazelelwe uqaphela ku iklabishi ishiya umgodi, sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo. Okokuqala ukwelashwa ingxenye umlotha, Nokho, kungcono ukwenza inhlabathi olumanzi. Ukusetshenziswa ngokuyikho of infusions esekelwe garlic, u-anyanisi, uthuli ugwayi. Okwesibili, izitshalo tsheleka wamboza ifilimu, enza parallel ukucutshungulwa amakhemikhali. Okwesithathu, utshaleke evulekile phansi iklabishi kudinga umswakama ngokwanele. Isizathu siwukuthi ngenxa esikhulu leaf surface ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuntula umswakama isivuno uzokwehla, ngakho kuhle udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukutshala iklabishi: ukukwenza best ayimigodi noma imigwamanda eduze lamanzi. Okwesine, umswakama namanje akufanele kube kakhulu, kungenjalo amahlumela ayeke ekukhuleni, baba wabuna. Ngenxa yalokho, Ukuvuna akukwazi dream.

Kusukela iklabishi Vikela?

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi iziphambeko ku ukunakekelwa - ukuthambisa engalungile noma ezingabanjwanga nobe ukupholisa abampofu - kuthinte ukuvela izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ethandwa kakhulu kubhekwa a blackleg isifo, okungase combated nge substrate ngesisekelo izinkuni umlotha. Fight impande bola ngokusebenzisa ukucutshungulwa impande yi izindlela "Trihodermin" futhi "Rizoplan". Le mithi kukhona ubumsulwa ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, ngakho akukho imiphumela eyingozi izitshalo, abanayo. Ngenxa ngokucubungula lokuqala nabo emhlabeni indawo impande is owadalwa, bavikelekile nezilwanyana ezincane kanye nokulungiselela "Rizoplan" ivumela izithombo umunce insimbi, okusho ukuthi bazoba amasosha omzimba ukuba blackleg. Sredst "Trihodermin" kufanele ukungezwa potting umhlabathi ke isitshalo iklabishi.

Iklabishi lihlukile: Beijing, Brussels amahlumela kanye ukholifulawa ...

Esikhathini ingxenye eyinhloko sihloko sakhuluma izici iklabishi - ukulungiselela umhlabathi ukuhlwanyelwa yayo, izithombo ezikhulayo kanye nezici zayo phambili zombhede ukunakekelwa. Nokho, ngaphezu iklabishi abaningi namuhla nokutshala izinhlobo efana ukholifulawa, Brussels amahlumela, u-cauliflower , noma broccoli. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imithetho eyisisekelo ukutshalwa izinhlobo ezehlukene bucishe bulingane, hhayi angenza ngaphandle umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama.

Ngokwesibonelo, Beijing futhi iklabishi Chinese kufanele itshalwe ngqo imbewu emhlabathini ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba izitshalo kukhona ukufakelwa ezimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizimba yabo zokudla siyaqoqwa ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ukuwa sekwephuzile, okungukuthi, lapho usuku sifushane. Izithombo of ukholifulawa kuyinto kungenasisekelo kakhulu futhi kuyakhandla izinga inhlabathi:-ke kufanele itshalwe emhlabathini ovundile, ecebile manganese futhi boron. Ngakho izithombo kufanele suffice futhi umswakama, futhi ukushisa. Kodwa sikhulu kakhulu lokushisa ukholifulawa eziyingozi, kanye inhlabathi overdried.

I engavamile Brussels amahlumela - Isiqu okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuyinto akhiwa kule leaf axils kochanchiki - bangaba nobuhlobo naye babe izicucu kufika ku-90. Isikhathi izimila lokhu yemifino cishe 160 izinsuku, ngakho wasibeka main yisithombo indlela. Ukuze izithombo ukuba ukuhlwanyela imbewu ezinsukwini zika-April 20 izinkulisa evulekile. Kakade ngosuku 5 amahlumela avele, kodwa ngoba ngesikhathi badinga alunge nge umlotha noma uthuli ugwayi, ukuvikela izithombo kusuka zigcwele crucifer.

... kohlrabi kanye broccoli

Lezi izinhlobonhlobo iklabishi ezihlwanyelwe hhayi kaningi, kodwa noma kunjalo abalandeli babo naye olahlekile. Broccoli has a ikhanda okuxekethile, ezinemibala kusuka eluhlaza kuya purple. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene bafune kuka ukholifulawa. Nokho, imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele uzilungiselele. Ngenxa yalesi, ezibekwe amanzi ashisayo imizuzu engu-15, bese ku ngomzuzu abandayo bese at 12 amahora isixazululo izakhi trace. Ngemva kwalokho, imbewu kudingeka ugeze futhi yomile. broccoli Ukuhlela kufanele uzilungiselele ekwindla, okwenza imfuyo phansi lime. Kodwa ngesikhathi umquba iklabishi kakhulu kudingeka wenze entwasahlobo: kungase organic compounds, superphosphate, ukhuni umlotha noma urea.

Uma broccoli likhule ngosizo izithombo, uzodinga inhlabathi ukuxubana, esakhiwa Peat, Turf emhlabathini, esihlabathini kuhlanganiswe 1: 1: 1. Sebenzisa bezwe engadini elidala engathandeki ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ingcoliswe blackleg. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele silwele ukulondoloza lokushisa mayelana 20, futhi lapho avele amahlumela, izinga lokushisa kungaba kwehliswe degrees 10. Akubalulekile nje pereuvlazhnyat substrate, noma izithombo kungenzeka sigule sibangwe. Lapho eneminyaka engu-amasonto amabili izithombo dive, kodwa ekhanyayo izithombo kungenziwa itshalwe kancane kancane ngakho safike esetshenziswa izinguquko elangeni, emoyeni lokushisa.

U-Kolrabi unesisindo samanzi nesethenda. Le iklabishi ingaba sekuseni, kanye nokuvuthwa okuphakathi nokwephuzile. Ukuze uthole izinhlobo zakuqala udinga izithombo, ungasitshala kakade ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa angempela, izithombo zingatshala emhlabathini. Uma ukhula kohlrabi ngaphandle kwezithombo, imbewu kumele ihlwanyelwe ngamasethi amabili noma amathathu, kanti isikhathi kufanele sibe okungenani izinsuku ezingu-20. Isikhathi esifanele salokhu kuphakathi kuka-Juni-ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zeklabishi kufanele zihlale zimanzi: emva kokutshala izithombo, ukuchelela kufanele kube njalo izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Khona-ke ungashintsha ekuphuzeni kanye ngesonto. Ngemuva kokukhamba komunye, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe ku-5-8 cm.

Iklabishi imifino enempilo, ngakho-ke ithandwa abaningi. Ukuze ukhule isivuno esihle kusayithi lakho, udinga kakhulu kakhulu - ukwazi ukuthi uzotshala nini futhi kanjani ukutshala izithombo nokuthi ungalungisa kanjani inhlabathi.