Ngakho kungenzeka ukumanzisa ingubo?

Mhlawumbe, ezweni lethu kule minyaka engamashumi amane, kwakungekho muntu, ubani wayengeke kwaphakamisa umbuzo - kungenzeka ukumanzisa nesiphuku. Cishe wonke umkhaya lapho okwamanje nginezingane kusukela ngonyaka 1 iminyaka engu-16, njalo ngonyaka, wabhekana nale nkinga, yiso kanye lesi Allergy kweemboniso (hhayi zigonywe, bajwayele ukubala iningi), ezweni lethu isetshenziselwa kusenesikhathi kungenzeka ukutheleleka kwengane ngesifo sofuba Mycobacterium.

Yini ebonisa Mantoux?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ungayithola unikezwe imisho embalwa emifushane, kodwa ungakwazi ukujoyina ingxoxo, ngezinye izikhathi iphenduka ibe isandla wangempela isandla ukulwa. Futhi ukuya kuwo "okubi" abasebenzi bezempilo abazikhandla cabanga ukuqaliswa waminyaka yonke inqubo edingekayo, futhi izihlobo "ezinhle" wengane, abakholelwa ukuthi ukwazi ukuthi wenze ingubo, futhi kukwenze kube ozikhethela ngokuphelele. Empeleni, izinto akuzona elula ngakho futhi ishaya emhloleni, futhi umzali ngamunye, ingane kumele enze kweemboniso enjalo, kufanele kuthathe imizuzu embalwa yesikhathi sakhe ngokuqinisekile eyigugu ukuqonda inqubo ezingemnandi kancane kuzosiza ngesikhathi ukuthola isifo esiyingozi.

Abazali abaningi ngephutha sikholelwe ukuthi TB tando ze namatha them balahlekelwa abathandekayo babo, futhi ngokuqinisekile ngeke kwenzeke uxhumane ingane yabo nge sofuba Mycobacterium. Empeleni lesi sifo esikhohlisayo kungaba batheleleke nge abantu yimpumelelo kakhulu futhi evikelwe emphakathini, okungase nomona ezizungezile, futhi umzimba wengane kuphela, amasosha omzimba nawo ayakhekanga ngokugcwele okwamanje, has usethubeni ukutheleleka. Yingakho kusenesikhathi okwamanje ukutheleleka usebenzisa ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani abakwaziyo noma x-ray luhlolo nenqwaba kwabantu abadala.

Imithetho ukubulawa "izinkinobho of"

Kodwa umbuzo ngokwayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukumanzisa Mantu, elisuka Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, lapho injongo kusenesikhathi sofuba usebenzisa patch ukuhlolwa Pirke, le ingress amanzi eliphumela ukuhlanekezela yi. Endabeni efanayo, uma test Mantoux, tuberculin ukuhlanzwa (antigen ekhona sofuba Mycobacterium), uma ababulawa kahle zokukhwabanisa ingena phakathi izingqimba isikhumba, lapho phezu EPITHELIAL kwakhiwa isici "pugovichkami".

Empeleni, i- test Mantoux kufanele ibekwe ngonyaka zonke izingane eziye zaphetha yobudala engu 1 futhi ngeke idlule iminyaka engu-16, ngokulandelana, phakathi ukukhishwa BCG nokwenza ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani abakwaziyo kumele kube okungenani izinyanga ezingu-12. I imigomo okuqala osanda kuzalwa phambi osenyameni evela esibhedlela, ngakho umbuzo ukuthi kungenzeka ukumanzisa isiphuku kungenzeka ngaphambi umndeni womntwana kuze ngemuva lokuzalwa kwakhe kuqala.

Yini ukukhuluma Mantoux ngemva kokubhala isivivinyo?

Khuluma ngalokho kufanele kube umphumela lesi sivivinyo, kungenzeka kuphela ngaphansi isimo nokuqapha okuqhubekayo ingane. Uma ingane abaneminyaka engu 1 akuyona wavuma basabele kahle, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umgomo ngokwayo iye yenziwa kahle futhi umgomo oyifunayo - ukwakha ukungatheleleki ngokumelene sofuba - engakaze izuzwe. Khona-ke, lesi simo (uhlolo) iyaphindwa ngonyaka. Ezimweni lapho ingane ngesizathu esisodwa noma kwenye akukabonakaliswa BCG phambi osenyameni evela esibhedlela, Mantoux test yokuqala kufanele kwenziwe eneminyaka engu-unyaka 1 eziphindaphinda at a imvamisa 1 njalo emva kwezinyanga eziyi6.

Ukuze siphendule umbuzo ukuthi kungenzeka ukumanzisa isiphuku, kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi impendulo zizohlolwa ngokunembile ngesisekelo izinguquko esikhumbeni, ngakho amanzi engena ngaleso kakhulu zigonywe, isimiso, akusiyo eziyingozi, nakuba ingane ingase uqale ecwaninga umjovo endaweni intradermal. On the yi zokuxilonga isampula kungathinta kokubili ukushukuma mechanical, lapho nakanjani kwenzeka ububomvu, kanye nanoma yikuphi isifo sesikhumba. Yingakho kukhona ngokuphelele futhi isihlobo ukuba le Mantoux test Izimo, okuyinto zihlanganisa dermatitis iguliswa futhi dermatoses, esanda kushintshwa izifo sibi ezithathelwanayo, kuhlanganise acute izifo zokuphefumula kanye imikhuhlane.