MCV (ukuhlolwa igazi): okulotshiweyo. MCV: kuyinsakavukela

Ukubala inani erythrocyte amaseli ukunquma ivolumu yabo noma isilinganiso ukuhlaziywa igazi ngokuhlanganyela asetshenziselwa ezinye izifundo ukuze kuhlonzwe umehluko ezihlukahlukene sokuntuleka kwegazi kanye nezinye izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo.

Uyini abomvu egazi

Ngokusho izimfanelo erythrocyte (amangqamuzana abomvu egazi), okuyizinto kakhulu ezikhethekile amaseli non-zenuzi, igazi biconcave ukuma, kungenzeka ukuba yahlulele isimo sempilo yomuntu. Amaseli erythrocyte equkethwe sombala zokuphefumula - yensimbi-aqukethe amaprotheni-hemoglobin. The main umsebenzi kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu athwala umoya-mpilo, okuyinto ebalulekile ukusebenza zonke izitho zomzimba. Phakathi kumiswa la mangqamuzana oluhambisana ebomvu umnkantsha. Le nqubo ibizwa zishukunyiswa erythropoietin, okuyinto ikhiqizwa ezinkulu ivolumu izinso amaseli ngaphansi kwezimo hypoxic.

Kuvamile-hemoglobin zamagama kanye kumiswa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kungenzeka kuphela khona cyanocobalamin, futhi i-folic acid kanye benezincwadi ezanele yensimbi ion. Esikhathini letindzala kwegazi erythrocyte khona izinyanga mayelana 4. Bese kuba khona ukubhujiswa egazi, indawo nokucekelwa zabo kukhona ubende kanye uhlelo reticuloendothelial.

Kusho ukuthini MCV?

MCV erythrocyte Inkomba iyi-index ephawula ukubaluleka ivolumu isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Ukuze izinhlangano zikwazi ukusungula i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe lesi sifo iziguli, odokotela njalo linqume segazi. Sokuqonda MCV uthi egazi zisesimweni emzimbeni womuntu. Ngo abantu abayimiqemane, isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu kuya Imininingwane igazi ivolumu njalo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ubungako bawo futhi nenombolo akumele ushintshwe.

On ukuthuthukiswa komzimba, ukuvuvukala, ngenxa yokuswela amavithamini izinto amaminerali kungatholakala ngokufunda edlulisa igazi MCV-ukuhlaziywa. Sokuqonda imiphumela ebonisa kwezinso, ubufakazi kungenzeka uthi sokugembula.

Kulolu hlu kuchazwa njenganoma ekucubunguleni jikelele zokwelashwa igazi futhi isifundo ehlukile.

Kanjani ukubala MCV

Ukuze abale ivolumu isilinganiso ngokuthi ingqamuzana legazi elibomvu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlukanise inani cell ivolumu ngenani ingqikithi amaseli erythrocyte igazi. Enye indlela kuhlaziywa hematocrit esekelwe inombolo division noma index 1 mm ³ wegazi ngenani kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Ngaphansi kusho iphesenti hematocrit isilinganiso phakathi ivolumu kwamangqamuzana egazi kanye Imininingwane igazi ivolumu.

On MCV igazi ukuhlaziywa, emagama zazo ehlangene nokuhlolwa ubukhulu kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, kubhekwa kahle kunamanye izindlela ezimbili sibalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma ububanzi we-erythrocyte amaseli 5% we umthamo yayo sishintshwe 15%. Nokwethenjelwa kwalesi inkomba ingahlanekezeka lapho inombolo enkulu kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ukuthi zishintshile ukuma. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uqhuba ephelele kakhulu segazi, MCV ukubaluleka kungokwemvelo uma isiguli sitholakala kukho kokubili macro- futhi microcytosis.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi microspherocytes ubukhulu ngokuvamile bengahlonishwa, kodwa ngezinga elifanayo yevolumu silinganiselwa ku uhla evamile, yingakho Kunconywa smear microscopy egazi losana.

yokukala

Iyunithi yokukala kusho ivolumu corpuscular (MCV) femtolitry kuthathwe (fl) noma cubic micrometer (microns ^3).

Yini ukuhlaziywa?

Nale ipharamitha igazi ukuxilonga izinhlobo ezahlukene anaemia ezidinga uhlobo oluthile lokwelapha.

MCV imiphumela ukuhlaziywa igazi ivumela ukuhlukanisa phakathi:

• anaemia microcytic, yensimbi ukuntula futhi thalassemia ion uma sehliselwe synthesis neketanga polypeptide, ingxenye isakhiwo elithwala umoya-mpilo;
• normochromic anaemia normocytic noma eba yizifo ezingamahlalakhona, kuba nge primary ithambo ukwehluleka nomnkantsha, ngenxa zokukhiqiza encishisiwe ye-erythropoietin;
• anaemia macrocytic ne nokuntuleka folic acid kanye cyanocobalamin lapho lenyuka usayizi erythrocyte.

Ukuze isimo ngasinye idinga ukuphathwa lalo. Ukuze uphethwe kubaluleke kakhulu emitholampilo igazi ukuhlaziywa, kulungiswa MCV (Kusho ivolumu corpuscular) ikuvumela ukuba wahlulele isimo kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu.

Uma le nkomba inenani evamile, amaseli abomvu egazi ngokuthi normocytic. Ngezinye Imiphumela aphansi MCV Inkomba kwamangqamuzana egazi ngokuthi microcytic, futhi ngesikhathi amagugu amahlombe bakukholelwa macrocytic.

Nquma ukwephula amanzi-electrolyte ibhalansi emzimbeni ngokuvumela igazi MCV-ukuhlaziywa, kulungiswa ukusebenza okhombisa ushintsho ibhalansi usawoti. Uma umthamo isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngaphansi kuka evamile, kungenzeka ukukhuluma mayelana ukuntuleka uketshezi emzimbeni womuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, e-amanzi emzimbeni imvelo hypertonic ka MCV kuhlolo igazi kwehlisa. Uma inkomba ngenhla kuyinsakavukela ke sikwazi ukukhuluma amanzi emzimbeni hypotonic.

On ukuhlaziya MCV zingathonywa yilabo izici ezihlukahlukene. Ukunciphisa isilinganiso erythrocyte ivolumu kungadala hemolysis noma inqubo mechanical phambili ubuthi compounds. igazi okuphansi MCV-ukuhlaziywa, emagama okhombisa ukuba umlutha wotshwala lesiguli kanye nokusetshenziswa methanol njengoba into enobuthi, futhi akuyona into engajwayelekile.

Norma MCV

Mean corpuscular ivolumu inkomba incike yobudala lesiguli, onikeza MCV ukuhlolwa igazi. Norm eqenjini ngalinye ubudala kuyoba yehluke kwezinye, futhi lubonakala femtolitrah. Amazinga usethe ububanzi bamanani lokhu Inkomba, okuyinto in the ezahlukene iziguli ezindala 80 kuya ku-100 femtolitrov.

Ezimweni eziningi kubaluleke kakhulu MCV-kwegazi umbhalo. Norma is aphakeme ebonwe izinsana. Kufanele singeqi 140 femtolitrov. Njengoba ingane ikhula amagugu ezivamile zale Inkomba ziyancipha. Ngakho, izinga ingane oneminyaka engu-kungaba ku ezahlukene kusukela 71 kuya 84 femtolitrov. Kusukela ngonyaka 1 futhi kuze kube iminyaka emihlanu ukubaluleka ivolumu isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu zazisuka 73 kuya 85 femtolitrov. Kusukela eminyakeni 5 kuya ku-10 ubhekwa umphumela evamile ukuhlaziywa MCV kusuka 75 kuya 87 femtolitrov, futhi kuphela ebudaleni, le nkomba safinyelela kwezinkambiso omdala.

ayibikwa MCV

Uma ukubaluleka MCV kuhlolo igazi kwehlisa, kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa igazi microcytic. Ukuthuthukisa ke nokushoda yensimbi ion in the oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi, khona izifo imvelo chronic izifo ngofuzo, ukuthuthukiswa izimila ebulalayo, phambili ubuthi compounds ukuthatha imithi ethile, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, e thalassemia njengoba kwehle ngo synthesis neketanga polypeptide, ingxenye isakhiwo elithwala umoya-mpilo.

Amanani Ayihaba MCV

Amanani angcono ivolumu isilinganiso erythrocyte amaseli ukhombise ukuthuthukiswa igazi macrocytic nezinye izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo ukuthi izimpawu:

• nokuntuleka vitamin B ₁₂ (cyanocobalamin) e ukwephulwa absorbability;
• folievodefitsitnoy anaemia ne-folic acid ukushoda;
• anaemia megaloblastic ngenxa yokwephulwa DNA zamagama;
• anaemia eziyingozi;
• i-hypothyroidism, lapho kukhona ukuntuleka we-hormone yegilo;
• izifo emathunjini;
• izifo zesibindi;
• umsebenzi encishisiwe lamaseli pancreatic;
• yezifo umnkantsha;
• ubuthi noma imithi anobuthi;
• etshwaleni.

Inkomba MCV ukuhlaziywa igazi kungase kube kancane ephakeme kunaleyo evamile kwabesifazane uma nithatha izinto zokuvimbela inzalo hormone. Ukubhema usikilidi ingabagulisa ukwanda umthamo isilinganiso kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu.

Umqondo MCH

Bekanye kwencazelo MCV, ukuhlaziywa MCH-igazi ivumela lokwenza ukuxilongwa umehluko ukucacisa izinhlobo igazi. Kusho lesi sibalo njengoba yisilinganiso sesifundo esisodwa erythrocyte yensimbi-equkethe i-hemoglobin amaprotheni. Kubalwa ngokuphelele.

Bala inani kusho i-hemoglobin okuqukethwe kwenye erythrocyte sokuhlukanisa lokuhlushwa i-hemoglobin ngenani erythrocyte amaseli. Uma kuqhathaniswa nge inkomba umbala, MCH-ukuhlaziywa kusivumela ukunquma ngokunembile kabanzi ezingeni amaprotheni yensimbi-equkethe emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazini.

Banikezwe ukubaluleka kwalesi Inkomba angawodwa anaemia hyper-, Hypo futhi normochromic. Normohromiyu kungatholakala abantu enempilo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi obuhambisana hemolytic futhi anaemia aplastic, kanye nemibandela ehambisana ne-acute ukopha.

Lapho hypochromia ukwehla erythrocyte ivolumu, ngemuva kwalokhu ozobizwa microcytosis noma ukwehla-hemoglobin amaprotheni emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazini ephethe umthamo evamile. Ngakho hypochromia inhlanganisela kunokwenzeka nge erythrocyte njengoba usayizi encishisiwe kanye normo- futhi macrocytes.

Hyperchromicity ukubonakaliswa kwenzeka kungakhathaliseki saturation-hemoglobin amaprotheni erythrocyte amaseli bese ngobudedengu amavolumu kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwanda-hemoglobin ngenhla kuyinsakavukela bokuphila kuyinto crystallization yayo futhi hemolysis.