Leli pheshana - kuyini? Incazelo, izibonelo

Esikhathini izincwadi, kanye enkulumweni yansuku zonke igama elithi "ipheshana elithi". Ayini amandla layo, incazelo kumele inikwe imiqondo le? ERussia kukhona izindawo zokuhlala eziningi esihlokweni okumelelwe izwi - amapaki, ukungcebeleka, izinto zemvelo. Kukhona Izincazelo eziningi leligama ezahlukene.

Umcabango

Eqondayo ezivamile izwi lishumekwe umuzwa othile, othi kungaba noma iyiphi ingxenye yendawo, lapho indawo endaweni mbuthano. Ngo parlance common ethemini wabhekisela ishiywe edolobhaneni elidala, elivele akulona iqiniso ngokuya kwezwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ngokuthi, okuyinto "ureklis", uhlobo lokuma emphakathini, esetshenziswa ukuze alondoloze umlando yokudlulisela ulwazi mayelana ndawo ukuze isizukulwane esilandelayo.

Ngo geography, leli gama libhekisela kumuntu conjugated uhlelo landscape izingxenye - inhlabathi, amanzi umbuso, flora, nezilwane, isimo sezulu. . Uma ubheka ibalazwe futhi ukuhlola izinto eziningana emakwe uphawu "e-Uri", ungabona ukuthi ehlukile, sihluke nezindawo ezizungezile, izindawo - esinengekayo encane emkhakheni, edlelweni phakathi ihlathi okuqhubekayo, moorland, njll Amapheshana wabonakaliswa ngokucacile kakhulu izimo impumuzo evelele - ne amagquma kushintshana nezigodi, emikhulu kanye gullies. Naphezu ukuhlukahluka isakhiwo bonke ifa ubuqotho izici ezingokomzimba zokwakheka ukunquma ukuba nezinye izinhlelo womhlaba.

kushintsha stows

Tract aphansi iyunithi physicogeographical nokuklanywa. Ngokwe-zindawo ezazihlala ama-them they kungaba evelele (ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu kuleli landscape) isigqila (usayizi encane). Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zindawo ehlukile ezweni abanawo imingcele kuchazwa, kuyenzeka ukuthi kwalemincele eyahumusha ukuhambisa. Imiqondo ngokomzimba nokuma kwezwe lwamapheshana abizwa zemvelo zibonisa ukuthi le ndawo ngaphansi kwethonya isikhathi ingahluka - imifula sokushintsha indlela, gullies lincishiswa amanzi ncibilikisa khumuza nemithambeka. Futhi landscape izindawo ekuqaleni matasa amapheshana, kungenziwa elalihlala izakhiwo zesimanje. Ngakho, umngcele yemvelo - into kushintshashintsha, compilers Ikhadi ezithakazelisa kakhulu lapho kutadishwa isihloko.

Podurochischa

Podurochische - isakhiwo esihle esidlula lesi izimo conjugate lungekho esiyisibopho uhlelo landscape. Leli gama laqanjwa ngo-1952, wamethula ekuphileni kwansuku zonke raspostranitel landshaftoved nolwazi womhlaba, Doctor of Sciences Geographical D. L. Armand. Njengoba isibonelo kungaholela podurochisch uhlelo elisoGwini eyehlelayo, phezu mezhdurechja ebusweni noma isikhukhula, phansi udonga - izakhiwo zemvelo elilodwa iqembu ehlobene eduze ka facies libhekene enkulu izingxenye ukufana.

ehlathini

Ukudla okuvamile umngcele wemvelo indiza flat zehlathi, esemgwaqweni phakathi amasimu emaxhaphozini. Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko - izinkuni ngokufanele ngaphandle kodwa okufanayo Inhlabathi nge imodi olulodwa aqueous kuyafana izimila facies. Esiqeshini sezwe kuyothiwa endaweni lapho ijoyina amafomu impumuzo, izinhlobo ezahlukene izimila, ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi - ngokwesibonelo, ihlathi okuxubile, ehlanganisa indawo amazinga ehlukene yamanzi, izindawo ezinamadwala phakathi izindawo exhaphozini.

emzaneni Abandoned

Phakathi abazingeli kanye abathandi yamanani ubudala akubi yini buthaka isithakazelo emizaneni eyihlane. indawo impela ngokuya ekutholeni okutholakele ezithakazelisayo kubhekwa ipheshana. Kuyini lokhu? Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zokuhlala kanye eside yokuhlala (isiphetho, ipulazi, njll), Abandoned kanye yokuqothulwa. Ngale ncazelo kukhona nemizana okungapholi, emizaneni elahlekile isimo sabo. Ngokuvamile kubonakala sengathi edlelweni, igcwele izihlahla ubudala noma ekhishwe inyumbazane phakathi izimfunda ihlathi. It ngokuvamile itholakala kulezi zindawo zabantu zensimbi imitshina kanye nemishini izivakashi, abathandi uhlamvu lwemali yokusesha.

Izinjini baphikisa ngokuthi uphawu Cishe iningi usesho yimpumelelo ngokuba indawo ngaphezulu izimila eziluhlaza kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifunda (lokhu kuwubufakazi izingadi elivundisiwe eduze uhlalwe abantu, futhi ngalesosizathu amagugu). emzaneni Abandoned Leningrad esifundeni ikakhulukazi ezikhangayo ukuze abacwaningi ishiywe ingcebo - ngenxa ezempi elinabantu abaningi endaweni izakhamuzi baphuthuma ukuhamba, hhayi ukukwazi sithathe eziyigugu njalo. Ukucinga zakudala ezindaweni ezifana kuyinto yokuchitha isizungu okwanelisayo.

Ngakho, ipheshana - kuyini? Ezindaweni ezigqagqene - kuyinto eyingqopha obonakalayo futhi ewusizo. Ngokuqondisisa kulula, it is ezimisiwe igama lendawo endaweni ethize, ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nomlando wayo. emzaneni Abandoned, Leningrad esifundeni (ungazange abasazoba "imingcele yemvelo") bavame atholakala izincazelo ezindaweni eziningi ezithakazelisayo, imibiko mikhankaso, kusukela ochwepheshe umsebenzi wabo okuphathelene nomsebenzi emhlabathini. Indima ebalulekile i-orientation we sezwe ukudlala ipheshana ngoba lendawo mlando, abavubukuli, izazi zokuma komhlaba, abafuna.

Ukusebenzisa stows

Umehluko ezimweni zemvelo, ipheshana ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, kwezolimo isikhala flat ingasetshenziswa ukulima kanye sokuhlaziya gullies - njengoba nedlelo, Grassland noma ehlathini, okuphakelayo elisekela. Njengentfo lehlukile, kuba value njengendlela into yemvelo kanye zone ingavikelwa.

Ngakho-ke, ehlukile ingxenye ehlukile landscape - kuba ipheshana. Kuyini e-stroke kakhulu ifomu geography uchaza. Lokhu ukubonile arcade endaweni lapho ipheshana ihlanganisa indawo kwi convex noma ngilugweda impumuzo based (amagquma noma ukucindezeleka), ngesisekelo iyunifomu kanye kuhlanganiswe Imininingwane izimila, umswakama, nezilwane kanye nezinye izici morphological.