Lapho kukhona inqolobane uhlobo Kivach? Izilwane esiqiwini Kivach

Ngo-1931, sanquma ukusungula inqolobane Kivach. It yasungulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka eponymous impophoma ethafeni odlula phansi ekujuleni. Abathandi nakwezokuvakasha ngokuvamile nesithakazelo "Reserve Kivach kuphi? ".

indawo

Environmental ebabazekayo Indawo ehlanganiswa ehlathini ethafeni, embozwe enamadwala izintaba, amachibi emaxhaphozini, umfula Suna ibhande sihlehliswe. abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi amahektha ne lingalingani nakhelwe nokongiwa, e elula enkulukazi Kondopoga esifundeni, e-Republic of Karelia.

Esikhathini enyakatho-ntshonalanga, ayishumi nesishiyagalombili ukusuka kwepaki zemvelo akhelene Sopoha ngomzana, edolobheni Kondopoga. Esiqiwini eqhubeka eduze Central kanye Spasogubskomu namahlathi. I Kivach emzaneni - main Manor esiqiwini.

incazelo reserve

Reserve welula kanye onqenqemeni i agcwalise lasendulo glacial - nesibaya synclinal of Lake Onega - endaweni lapho kusetshenzwa kanzima impumuzo eziNgekho ngaPhansi kukaHulumeni glaciation. Indawo lapho esiqiwini Kivatch ngobuso, emelelwe ejwayelekile ehlathini emahlathini, emaxhaphozini, amachibi, ezinkulu kanye nezincane.

Ukuze ushiye i uphawu ongenakucimeka wokulingwa echibini omkhulu, okuyinto unezinkolelo ice amanzi ncibilika. Kuyinto ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezine eminyakeni ukusebenza phezu kokubhujiswa moraines futhi eskers, emikhulu. amagagasi alo ngokuzikhandla triturated amatshe nesihlabathi, futhi zizenza a slurry encanyana. Lake ukubaleka bashiya umlando ongeke ocebile ngesimo moraine emikhulu, hhayi amenable ukufiphaza, engalingani ubumba phansi. Kunjengokungathi ehlakazekile ku eziningi ezingaphansi Ozerets, matasa umcengezi - umcengezi.

endaweni Okuvikelwe underlain amadwala kabani yobudala kuyeza iminyaka eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ngokuhamba izigodi entshonalanga glacial ukunqwabelana esiyisicaba izintaba. Rocks Selga ngesimo umkhatsi kwakhiwa Amashalofu okubeka therein bushelelezi. Vypahannoe Glaciers base embhedeni ne crystal mihlobiso moraine ezimboziwe, kwakhiwa idwala izinsalela.

Kusukela empumalanga namaphakathi yokulondoloza imvelo Kivatch yithafa, lapho ababili welulela enxanxathela yezitolo eskers isihlabathi lamagquma. Sandy Ridge, zibalwa emfantwini inyamalala yeqhwa, inhlabathi kwakheka eyalo ukusakaza enamandla eqinile ehlathini emifuleni.

emaxhaphozini Kivach

Landscape nature kuhlanganisa ixhaphozi. ezitsheni zazo zazingamashumi emigodini eziningi. Low-amanga izindawo exhaphozini, igcwele okusanhlamvu, utshani kanye ixhaphozi izimila, igqugquzelwa komhlaba kanye ebusweni amanzi emifula agcwaliswa.

Kivach Reserve kanye ecebile bogs, okuyinto ukondla kwezulu kuphela. Basuke some ngokuphelele Dome kwakhiwa sphagnum wona, okufakwe lapha nge Cassandra nerosemary zasendle. Marshes zihlukile ukuze amathuba okuthola ezimbili ezifanayo, efana nsé, ichibi, akukho. amafomu Life nokwehluka endaweni ngayinye esiyingqayizivele izimbuku.

ezamahlathi

Yeqhwa sinyamalale, ushiya izwe elingenalo inhlabathi. Ngenhla surly isihlabathi nobumba phansi, canaliculate striated thutheleka ngeqholo zazilengela idwala enamandla. Kuyinto nesandla esiqinile esizokwakha isimo semvelo esanda abasafufusa, ngokushesha bangazihluphi izingcezu etholakalayo isikhala.

Isimo sezulu kanye inhlabathi, cishe elingenalo humus, kungagcini lapho ukubusa isitshalo ehlathini phakathi. Kivach Reserve uye waba umbuso AmaConifers. Ngokusho awalethe ubuswa uphayini, ngesihlahla sonwele kahle nemithambeka, agcwalise wanyamalala emachibini emathafeni exhaphozini. rocks vertex zigutshuzelwe pineries-belomoshnikami, ulele kwakhiwa inhlabathi kwekhava okuyinto wona, heather futhi siluhlaza cowberry. Ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi some Pines efanele.

Phakathi irowu kwakhiwa billberry-luhlaza moss biocenoses. Ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi lasakazekela izindawo ubumba. Ngenxa yalokhu, "wagijima" egqumeni, ukwakha zezitsha zikaphayini-fir. Ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi obusa maphakathi esiqiwini, ngokuvumelana emathafeni futhi nemihosha, ugibela nge ababuthaka Alder, meadowsweet futhi wona, Russell phezu uhlevane. Isikhathi esiningi AmaConifers dilutes ukuma emthini birch kanye aspen. Emahlathini okuxubile sikhule ezingavamile lweNingizimu Karelian umhlaba izihlahla - lindens futhi elms.

Flora reserve

Kivach Lemvelo ocebile ngempela. On izikhala elalivuliwe wathola indawo yokufihla ikhanda mayelana 600 zezitshalo. It kuxazululwe abameleli arctic-alpine izinsalela, yaqala ukuvela ekuqaleni post-glacial. Yena uvikelekile nemoral Ashera ngokuthi "abafokazi nezakhamuzi."

Ngokusho kwalo, omningi ejwayelekile ehlathini amadoda sikhuntile nezitshalo edlelweni. Le ndawo evikelwe wakhethwa zezinyoni ezingavamile, Ubanjwe ku-Red Encwadi ikhasi. Ingxenye Sopohskogo boron kwakhiwa zihlahla zasendulo, waphila iminyaka emithathu engamashumi amahlanu.

I nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Kivach

umhlaba Okuvikelwe - enkundleni ekahle yokuphila ezihlukahlukene izilwane. I Kivach uhlala ezingenamgogodla ezingenakubalwa ibutho. Acutshungulwe izitshalo ziphila futhi efile, ukuthumela yezingxenye inhlabathi kunesidingo sokuba khona izitshalo kanye nezihlahla. Abameleli beNdikimba izindimbane ezingenakubalwa "imifino" bese athole ingcosana ezingenamgogodla ezidla - izicabucabu, mabhungane kanye Hymenoptera.

ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo Terrestrial ivezwa kule ndawo nokongiwa eziphila emanzini nasezweni, ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo. Bona zathuthelekela esifundeni abavela kulo lonke elase-Afrika. Kivach - Isiqhiwu seenlwana, okuyinto kudale izilwane Amazing biocenoses - uhlukile. Lapha, side by side namanxusa izinyoni Boreal kusukela zindawo wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi.

Ngezikhathi ihlathi endaweni Lemmings yandisa kangangokuba waze abazange bakuqaphele umsebenzi obalulekile igundane ehlathini kuba nzima. Phila lapha ejwayelekile laseSiberia ehlathini amadoda - ezintathu zama-shrews kanye voles abomvu. Uma bazulazula lapha wahlala ezincelisayo nge umngcele osenyakatho zone ihlathi-asemaqeleni namahlathi eningizimu. Basuke emelelwa amagundane birch nabathandekayo amagundane-kancane.

Isizinda jikelele nezilwane kwakhiwa izinhlobo ezivamile: amaxoxo grey, Iziqophamithi, onogwaja, amabhere, amaphiva, ama-lynx, izimpisi nezinye izilwane. Eceleni kwabo uthole "northerners" - wolverines, cuckoos futhi shrews, "southerners" - izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle kanye Orioles.

Esiqiwini kukhona abantu ngazivumelanisa nendlela. Muskrat futhi beaver Canadian wazinza ku amadamu. Kwakukhona Nooks ngoba izinja raccoon futhi mink American. Thola indawo izidleke peregrine yabo Falcons.

I Kivach ixazululwe 216 zezinyoni. izivakashi zayo zaba corncrake namahobhe. Nest ehlathini Boreal imele nightingale futhi orioles. Noziningweni kozodoi bazinza Nooks. Ngezinye izikhathi isidleke-loon ophuzi-ukhokhiswe, piskulki goose. Ngezikhathi ezithile ingena phezu kwamanzi zamachibi swan emhlophe. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuzwa hooting we isikhova. Kukhona njengoba ubudala golden eagle futhi izinkozi elimhlophe-tailed.

impophoma Kivach

Amashalofu okubeka isigwebo olunothile impophoma Kivach kwakheka emfuleni Suna. Ngaphakathi the gama of waterfall umsuka Finnish. I Finns wambiza asiyena omunye ngaphandle 'Kivach ", okungukuthi, ngokushesha noma enamandla. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala umzimba amanzi ngomhla ngonyaka 1566. Incazelo umbhali sakhe esitholakala emakhasini incwadi.

Budebuduze impophoma ihlelwe yokupaka, isitolo isikhumbuzo futhi ikhefi, lapho izivakashi kukhona etotoswayo Finnish-Karelian namakhekhe kanye izitsha okuphekwe amalahle. Eduze-museum ziphephile ezithakazelisayo futhi Arboretum - ikhaya izitshalo exotic Birchwood.

Abahlukile Nature Reserve Kivach, ibalazwe okhombisa imizila ngqo, unikeza ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi. Nature emizileni yonkhe sites izivakashi Natural Park. Imali yokungena siqala waterfall, dendrokollektsiey, nemvelo Museum kanye nezinye ezikhangayo.