Kwesobunxele Emaceleni lobar inyumoniya: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Ngokuvamile emva Ukuvakashela udokotela, iziguli ukuzwa uphethwe - a kwesokunxele lobar nenyumoniya. Ukugula kuvamile impela, futhi ukwelashwa okufanelekile akusho kuhilelani nemiphumela eyingozi. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi ukuxilonga elungile ukwelashwa lwemithi. Ngakho yiziphi izimbangela pneumonia? Yiziphi izimpawu kufanele sinake umuntu ogulayo? Kungenzeka yini ukuba ngandlela-thile ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa isifo?

Kuyini isifo?

Okokuqala, ake ukubhekana ne lisho ukuthini igama elithi "ngakwesokunxele Emaceleni lobar pneumonia." Njengoba yaziwa, iphaphu kwesokunxele iyizingxenye ezimbili, futhi ilungelo - yalaba abathathu. Futhi wamaphaphu ngalinye ihlukaniswe ngezigodi izingxenye eziyishumi.

Isifo samaphaphu kuyinto ukuhlonza izifo ezihilela ukuvuvukala emaphashini. Ukuvuvukala kungaba ngendlela eyodwa (left- noma ngakwesokudla) noma kabili emaceleni. Kuye inyumoniya indawo kungaba Imininingwane (zonke iphaphu eligulayo), ebalulekile (kunendlela eyodwa kuphela noma foci ezincane ezimbalwa ukuvuvukala), wabe (eshaywa kumaphesenti athile ukukhanya) kanye segmental (ukuvuvukala alinganiselwe eyodwa noma izingxenye ezimbalwa). Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwa igama elithi "extrapulmonary lobar kwesokunxele Emaceleni inyumoniya" - ngokuvamile lokhu kusho ukuthi umthombo oyinhloko ukutheleleka itholakala kwezinye izitho, ezifana umgodi pleural.

Kuthiwa izinga lokufa iziguli imayelana 5%. Iqiniso lokuthi kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar / nenyumoniya lobular kusaqalwa kungathatha indawo kufihlwe - iziguli kufanele bafune usizo sekwephuzile. Futhi ukusabalala cishe ukuvuvukala enhliziyweni.

Kuthiwa ukuvuvukala kungase kudingeke ntshashintshe of kobukhulu. Kukhona elinye icebo ngezigaba - kukhona lobar kwesokunxele Emaceleni inyumoniya umphakathi aluthola (ukutheleleka nesineke kwenzeka amaconsi ngaphandle kwezindonga esibhedlela) kanye Nosocomial, noma ukuvuvukala nosocomial, lapho lesi sifo ezenzeka esikhathini nesineke ngenkathi ehlala esibhedlela.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu pneumonia

Ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukungenisa nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe Amagciwane ingaba njengesihluthulelo amagciwane eziphilayo fungal. Zingase ufake kusukela imvelo, njengoba Lesifo wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni.

Yiqiniso, akuhlali Ukungena pathogen ohlelweni zokuphefumula okuholela ukuvuvukala. Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i zihlanganisa ukubhema, buthakathaka isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, khona isiguli izifo ezingamahlalakhona - konke lokhu kwandisa amathuba wokuthuthukisa i-pneumonia. Kwezinye izimo, ukutheleleka lingena emaphashini kanye egazini lomunye kokugqashuka ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Umlando: kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar ephathwa inyumoniya futhi izimpawu zaso

Ezigabeni zokuqala yaleli fomu ukuvuvukala ikani futhi enza asymptomatic. Iziguli uqaphele ubuthakathaka njalo kanye ukukhathala, ukozela, kwehle ukusebenza. Esikhathini esizayo, isimo zaba zimbi. ukukhwehlela. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ezomile, kodwa ngokuvamile ehambisana nobutha phlegm. Njengoba isifo siba phlegm ziyinsada, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala streaks kwegazi.

Iziguli esekhala ubuhlungu esifubeni, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lwesobunxele (enhliziyweni). Soreness is banezelwa ngincipha ugqozi ezijulile. Ngenxa yokuntuleka oxygen iziguli kaningi imakwe cyanosis sezindebe futhi pallor jikelele.

Temperature inyuka njalo, ngokuvamile ephakama 40 degrees. Iziguli samanje futhi jikelele izimpawu zokudakwa, kuhlanganise umzimba ukuqaqamba, ukuqhaqhazela, ukucanuzelelwa inhliziyo kanye yokuntuleka esesuthi, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Yiqiniso, zonke nesineke kukhona ahlukene izimpawu, futhi amazinga kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile izimpawu kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar inyumoniya kudidaniswe i pharyngitis abavamile abandayo noma, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezinganeni ezincane. Kulapho lapho kukhona khona ingozi yokungenwa i-pneumonia.

Izici izimpawu kuncike lwegciwane

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar inyumoniya angagcina ku isizinda igciwane noma amagciwane umsebenzi. Izimpawu ngenhla zikhona cishe kunoma iyiphi ifomu i-pneumonia, kodwa lwegciwane ngamunye has ezinye izici.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-pneumonia yegciwane ephelezelwa eyomile ukukhwehlela kanye dyspnea njalo. Iziguli esekhala ukukhathala okusheshayo, imfiva, futhi ezinzima ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu. Kodwa nge ifomu webhaktheriya we lokushisa lomzimba akuyona njengoba okusezingeni eliphezulu, nakuba ukushisa Yiqiniso, ikhona. Umuntu kungenzeka ubona ukukhwehlela eqinile ezimanzi ephelezelwa phlegm.

izindlela zesimanje uphethwe

okuyikona futhi ifike ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Lapho izimpawu zokuqala kufanele ubonane nodokotela, ngoba, naphezu khona izidakamizwa ezinamandla elwa namagciwane, i-pneumonia namanje kungaba yingozi:

• Isiguli kumele anikeze igazi ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya - isifundo kungabonwa ukwanda erythrocyte sedimentation kala, futhi ukwanda ezimhlophe cell segazi, okhombisa ukuvuvukala.
• It kwenziwe ukuhlaziya kwamakhemikhali amasampula egazi, futhi isikhwehlela Ukuhlolwa ukuze ukuthola pathogen.
• Kubalulekile ukuze kuhlonzwe nasesifubeni ze-X ray, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukuhlonza foci ukuvuvukala.
• Kwezinye izimo, bronchoscopy, okuyinto ikuvumela ukubuka amashubhu lesiguli bronchial ngaphakathi.

Kwesobunxele Emaceleni lobar inyumoniya: ngemithi

Ngokushesha kufanele kusho ukuthi ukuzihlonipha medicate kulesi simo esiyingozi. udokotela kuphela kungakwenza isimiso sokuvivinya ngempumelelo zokwelapha. Ukuze esolwa yebhaktheriya isiguli yokuqala iqondiswa ezibanzi spectrum imiphumela ngemithi elwa namagciwane, ngokukhethekile, fluoroquinolones futhi cephalosporins isizukulwane lesithathu noma lesine.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuhlolwa eziqondene kwenziwe, injongo okuyinto - ukukhomba agent causative. Uma i-pneumonia ithuthukiswe ku isizinda Legionella KWAMAGUNDANE, pneumococcus, chlamydia, Mycoplasma futhi haemophilus influenzae, udokotela angase antibiotic spectrum ngempumelelo ngaphezulu emincane. Kodwa ukuhlolwa kufanele okungenani izinsuku ezingu-3-4, futhi samakhaza kudingeka bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Lapho odokotela linqume viral nenyumoniya izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, ngokukhethekile, "Zanamivir", "Remantadin", "Acyclovir". Ngeshwa, izidakamizwa kuphumelela kuphela uma ethathwe amahora yabo yokuqala 48 emva kokutheleleka. Kwezinye izimo, isiguli esibhedlela nokuziphatha ukwelashwa lingaze. Imithi elwa namagciwane izilonda viral kukhona alunamsebenzi, kodwa namanje ebekiwe ukuvimbela yezinkinga ezibangelwa amagciwane yesibili.

Njengoba ejenti asizayo asetshenziswa non-steroidal ejenti eqeda ukuvuvukala, ezisiza uyoqeda ubuhlungu kanye nemfiva. Ukwelashwa sihlala 2-4 amasonto kuncike degree of isifo zaba namandla kakhulu.

ukunakekelwa kahle isiguli

Isifo samaphaphu - isifo esiyingozi lapho umuntu ogulayo idinga ukunakekelwa. Iziguli kuboniswe embhedeni, okungenani zingenzi lutho olunyakazisa umzimba nokucindezeleka. Man ngcono ezindaweni kahle umoya lapho yokuhlanza ezimanzi Kwenziwa njalo. Uma impatho zenzeke ekhaya, isiguli kuyadingeka ukwaba isethi ehlukile izinto ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesifo.

isiphuzo okuchichimayo efudumele ukuvuvukala ngempela, ngoba kuyakusiza ukusheshisa ukuqedwa ubuthi emzimbeni futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Iziguli kufanele abe ukudla ukukhanya kodwa okunama-kilojoule amaningi.

Lapho kudingeka ukuba isiguli sibe esibhedlela?

Kaningi, kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar inyumoniya iphathwa esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela, ekhaya. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphathwa ezidingekayo esibhedlela?

• Zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka emithathu, kufanele ungeniswe esibhedlela.
• Isiguli kumele sithunyelwe esibhedlela nge dyspnea eqinile, ukushisa (kufika ku 39,9 degrees) noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ukuze 35,5.
• Uma, ngesikhathi ukuhlaziywa ukwehla oqinile-hemoglobin ezingeni watholakala, kanye bakhulise izinga urea kanye creatinine, ukwelashwa arcade kwenziwa esibhedlela.
• Izinkomba ngoba esibhedlela kukhona ukwazi kahle, ukwehla elibukhali blood pressure.
• Ngezinye nesenzakalo yezinkinga (kubandakanya pleurisy, myocarditis, samathambo) nesineke kufanele ngokushesha esibhedlela.

izinyathelo

Acute a kwesokunxele lobar inyumoniya - isifo esiyingozi okuyinto ngokungabi bikho yokwelapha kuholela yezinkinga eziyingozi, kuhlanganise edema yamaphaphu, ukushaqeka, sepsis, meningitis, pericarditis, congestive yokumelwa yinhliziyo.

Ngeshwa, imigomo pneumonia ukhona. Ngakho-ke, nokuvimbela kuphela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ukudla okunomsoco, kancane ukuqina komzimba, umsebenzi ongaphandle, ukuyeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala, ngokuvivinya umzimba njalo - konke lokhu kuqinisa umzimba, okwenza kube livikela kakhulu Amagciwane.

Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala kumelwe ukunqotshwa ukwelashwa okufanele, imishanguzo kufanele kuhlale kuze alulame ngokugcwele. Ukuze amasosha omzimba Kunconywa kabili ngonyaka ukuze kudlule inkambo yokwelapha Vitamin. Futhi-ke, ekuqaleni ungazizwa kahle kufanele uthintane onguchwepheshe, ngoba ungaba umphakathi atholwe kwesokunxele emaceleni lobar nenyumoniya.