Kwakhiwa kanjani amaphoyisa amasha e-Ukraine?

Amaphoyisa amasha e-Ukraine angenye yezingxenye ezisemqoka zesigungu esiphezulu samandla ezweni. Iqinisekisa ukuvikelwa komuntu, amalungelo akhe nenkululeko, kuvimbela ikhomishini yezenzo zobugebengu, kusebenza ukugcina ukuhleleka nokuphepha. Amaphoyisa alawulwa ngokuqondile yiKhabhinethi, ehlanganisa uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi.

Ulwazi Lonke

Amaphoyisa asungulwa ngoJulayi 2, 2015. Ngaphambi kokuba isebenze ihhovisi elibizwa ngokuthi "amasosha". Indlunkulu itholakala edolobheni laseKiev - inhloko-dolobha yase-Ukraine. Abantu abangaba ngu-130 000 basebenza emaphoyiseni. Kulaba basebenzi abayizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-11 nabasebenzi abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nambili. Isabelomali esabiwe unyaka wale nhlangano yayingama-dollar ayi-14 billion. Umthetho we-Ukraine "Emaphoyiseni" ulawula umsebenzi wabasebenzi.

Umbhalo wokuqala

Isifiso nokuthuthukiswa kokuqala ukwakha amaphoyisa ensimini ye-Ukraine kwavela ngo-2012 okude. Baqala ukubaluleka lapho uNgqongqoshe walesi sigaba eqinisekisile isidingo sokwenqaba emaphoyiseni. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwachazwa ukuthi izinguquko zizosiza ekwenzeni ama-ejenti okuphoqelelwa komthetho ngaphezulu futhi ajwayelekile.

Sekuyiminyaka emithathu kube khona amahemuhemu ukuthi iNational Police of Ukraine izosungulwa. Kusukela ngo-2014, isenzo sikahulumeni sesiqalile. NgoMashi ngonyaka ofanayo, umthetho wadluliselwa ekumisekeleni inkinga, ngokusho ukuthi abantu abangu-80 000 ubukhulu boMnyango Wezangaphakathi bencishisiwe. Noma kunjalo, i-tape ebomvu nokuxoshwa kwabasebenzi kwahlala isikhathi eside.

Izenzo zokuqala zaqala ukubonakala ekupheleni kukaJuni. Kwakuyilapho izinkulungwane eziyi-17 ezihleliwe zihlehlisiwe izinkulungwane ezingu-80. Inani elithile lalabo abasebenza esifundeni saseDonetsk bakhetha ukuthuthela ohlangothini lweriphablikhi engakhulumi.

Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni wase-Ukraine waphawula ukuthi inani lamapholisa kulesi sifundazwe liye lahla ngo-75%. Ama-15% asele kuphela abonisa ukuthi "athembekile" futhi "athembekile". Kakade ngo-Agasti wonyaka ofanayo, i-hryvnias engaba yizigidi eziyi-2 yabelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo.

Ukusungula amaphoyisa

NgoSepthemba 2014, uhulumeni wamemezela ukuthi iNational Police of Ukraine izovela, kuyilapho iGUBOP namagatsha amabili emaphoyiseni bekungasuswa egatsheni eliphethe likahulumeni. Ngenxa yalokho, iminyango eminingi yahlakazwa. Iqembu elihilelekile kule nqubo lakhiwa ngoDisemba. Ukubunjwa kwalo kuyinto engavamile kakhulu - kuhlanganisa nabangaphandle kuphela.

Uhulumeni umemezele ukuthi igama likahulumeni lizoshintshwa phakathi noDisemba. Ngokushesha uNgqongqoshe uthi ukunciphisa abasebenzi. Ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2015, uMnyango Wezangaphakathi Wendawo yaseKharkov waxoshwa ngokungenangqondo. Kuzo zonke, kwakukhona izikhulu ezingu-500. Isizathu salokho ukwenqaba ukusebenzela ukuze kuzuze ukusebenza kwe- antiterrorist.

Ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, zonke izikhulu zamaphoyisa zethrafikhi zaxoshwa, kokubili esifundeni saseMykolaiv naseDonetsk. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, amaphoyisa ase-Ukraine aqala ukusebenza eKiev. Futhi ngo-Agasti umthetho olawula ukusebenza komnyango omusha usayinwe. Kwaqala ukusebenza ngoNovemba. Ngaleso sikhathi kakade kakade imizi eminingana emikhulu yezwe yathatha isifungo futhi yaqala ukukhonza ukuze kuzuze uMlandland.

Ukugxeka

Ekupheleni kuka-2015, ngosizo lwezinhlolovo nezenzo zomphakathi, ochwepheshe bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi cishe u-15% wabantu bonke bezwe bathembele kuPhiko LwaseKhaya, futhi cishe ngo-21% - ukuya emaphaketheni.

Incwadi ethi "Road Control" ibuke ngokucacile umsebenzi womnyango omusha, igxile emacaleni ezinsuka lapho iziphathimandla ziphulwa khona, inkohlakalo iyenzeka nezinye izenzo ezingekho emthethweni zenziwa.

Sekuyiminyaka emibili ekhona, amaphoyisa ase-Ukraine ahlale egxeka izintatheli eziningi nezakhamuzi ezivamile. Isibonelo, kunezimo lapho afihle khona ngenhloso idatha yomphakathi. Futhi, izikhathi eziningana amaphoyisa ayenqaba ukuphuma emakholi, kanti abanye abantu - "abangenakubukeka".