Kuyini lizinga navigation kanye nentuthuko yayo yesimanje

Indlela uzulazule kungaba emkhathini? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inika isayensi, okuthiwa navigation. Kuyini navigation, futhi yiziphi izici zayo? Lapho ukusebenzisa? Yiziphi izinhlobo kanye navigation systems khona?

Kuyini navigation?

Ngenxa isandulela main asho. Ekuqaleni, ngaphansi navigation waqonda izici ukuphathwa umkhumbi ukuze ukusuka endaweni A ukhombe B. Kodwa ekhulwini lama-20, ngesikhathi ukusheshisa abalulekile intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe, amaphuzu entsha umoya isikhala imikhumbi, izimoto eyinkimbinkimbi, okungase unqobe lo ngamakhulu nangezinkulungwane angu. Kule ndaba, nencazelo entsha yegama elithi. Uyini navigation ngomqondo zanamuhla? Yini-ke umele?

Manje navigation - kuyinto ukuphathwa into ethile, okuyinto onezinto ayo ezokuthutha endaweni ethile Ukudidiyela uhlelo. It liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili:

1. ukulungisiswa theory izindlela cishe kusebenza ukulawula izinto.
2. Ukukhethwa indlela kahle ukunyakaza emkhathini, umzila ukusuka endaweni A ukhombe B.

izinhlobo navigation

Nakuba nge obhekwe izakhi ezintsha Akuzange kwaphela isikhathi eside manje indlela ezihlukahlukene ezimangalisayo. Okwamanje, 11 zinhlobo ababonakali ngezikhundla:

1. navigation Izithuthi. Lobu buchwepheshe isetshenziselwa ukubala umzila kahle izwe ezokuthutha emigwaqeni ekhona ngenxa yokubakhona ezibukwayo futhi mhlawumbe kukuphi yezwi. Njengoba ithuluzi, ibalazwe ekhethekile yezimoto. Kwangathi khona kwaziswa okuhambisana ne-traffic (the best amasu amasampula, ezifana irediyo navigation). Kodwa-ke futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi ixhume kunoma iyiphi isevisi iqoqa idatha efana.
2. navigation Celestial. Indlela wokusungula indawo izindiza lempahla kusekelwe ukukhanya noma ekushayweni izindikimba zasezulwini umsakazo.
3. Animal navigation. Ngakho yikhono izilwane ukukhetha isiqondiso oyifunayo ukunyakaza lapho wenza Ukuthuthwa kwesizini.
4. Air navigation. Ngaphansi kwakhe baqonde ngesayensi isicelo ukushayela olunembile, onokwethenjelwa futhi ephephile emoyeni ezihlukahlukene izindiza. Uhlelo navigation kulokhu ehlangahlangeneko nokuhlangabezanwe zekhompyutha uhlelo ngawo yangaphandle idatha omoya usebenze (satellites and antenna).
5. navigation Inertial. Indlela okuvumela ukucacisa imingcele futhi uhlela into ngaphandle ukubandakanyeka sezakhiwo zangaphandle noma amasignali.
6. Imininingwane navigation. Inqubo ukwedlulela womuntu ngokunengqondo ezihlobene idatha.
7. Isikhala navigation. isilawuli Ukunyakaza indiza emkhathini.
8. navigation Marine. Isetshenziselwa navigation emizimbeni amanzi ezahlukene.
9. Radio navigation. It is ucabangela izici theory kanye izici nemikhuba okuhloswe ngazo ukushayela indiza nezitsha usebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini kanye izindlela.
10. Isethelayithi navigation. Futhi indawo ethandwa phakathi kwabantu. Luhilela ukusetshenziswa satellite navigation ukucacisa indawo yayo futhi wokuyisa ohlangothini oluthile.
11. navigation Underground. Luhilela ukusetshenziswa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukuthi kudingeka ukuze kutholakale indawo nendlela yekuhambisa sandla ethize komhlaba Umhubhe izakhiwo.

Izinhlobo navigation systems

Ngaphezu ekuzuleni elula umehluko ukuhlukanisa ngaphezulu navigation systems - izindlela ezikhethekile electronic, okuyinto efakwe imikhumbi ibhodi noma izimoto ukubala umzila ongcono ukunyakaza:

1. Aircraft navigation system.
2. Car navigation system.
3. Maritime navigation system.

car navigation

Futhi ukuphela it uzokutshela okuncane mayelana isihloko izihloko kusibonelo owaziwa ukusetshenziswa. Njengoba i indlela inkomba kungaba computer encane ephathekayo lapho uya wedwa noma njengengxenye omunye art (zibonelo imoto navigation).

Lo mshini wezenzo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: a uxhumano Kumiswa ne satellite, indawo wemoto bazimisele futhi indawo yayo ebalazweni. Khona-ke indlela emfushane ibalwa futhi uboniswa esikrinini. Nokho, lezi zinhlelo zidinga imali elikhulu energy kagesi (isib, irediyo navigation). Ngakho-ke njalo kunesidingo ukugcina ibhethri imoto (ibhethri) nge icala okusezingeni eliphezulu. Manje umbuzo uwukuthi, lokho navigation akufanele ihlale.