Kepler: Iplanethi unika ukuphila

Isintu Sekuyisikhathi eside benethemba lokuthola amaplanethi ezifana nezethu esibhakabhakeni. Iplanethi lokuqala ingeyona isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga, kwaba
wathola ngo-2009. Nokho, konke kutholakale kithina izici, asifanele ukuphila. Kube nesidingo
kudivayisi ezingase njalo ukubukela Kulobo busuku obucwathile, ngokuhlaziya izinguquko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka ukunikeza kungenzeka lolu phiko
sihlale njalo siqaphele eyodwa ingxenye esibhakabhakeni ukuthi asikwazi ukwenziwa kusukela emhlabathini. Konke lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi Space Telescope, "Kepler" wethulwa 2009,
owayengamele ukubheka exoplanets.

imigomo

Idivayisi, ngo-NASA umkhankaso, yabizwa ngokuthi "Kepler". Planet ukuthola usethe kwesibonakude, kungaba ngasiphi ibanga kusuka ohlelweni lwethu.
Ngakho-ke, ukucinga exoplanets Transit indlela isetshenziswa. Siqukethe e okwashiwo endaweni encane esibhakabhakeni nezinkanyezi kulinganiswa iLuminance. Uma esikhathini esidlule izinkanyezi
sihamba ngayo le planethi, ukukhanya incipha kancane. Kuyinto ngenxa yalesi simo futhi kungenzeka ukwazi ukuthi kube bakhanya kwamaplanethi uhlobo umzimba. Ukusetha isikhathi
ukwelashwa kanye nenani amaplanethi, kubalulekile ukugcina inkanyezi okungenani iminyaka emithathu. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi ukukhanya inkanyezi incipha ngokuhlela
ngenxa indinyana esidlule exoplanets wakhe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaplanethi, okuyinto zingase zimiswe noma kanye ukuphila zakhekile, mhlawumbe hhayi kancane ngakho. Yingakho "Kepler" isebenza iminyaka eminingi kangaka futhi ukumisa le phrojekthi manje asikho isidingo.

impumelelo

Njengamanje, ngo "Kepler" wavula ezingaphezu kuka 4 amakhulu ekzoplanet. Zonke elisanda kutholakala ukunikeza igama isibonakude, umsebenzi wokuba izinombolo ze-serial kanye namagama. Lencwadi ibonisa ukuthi bangaki amaplanethi inkanyezi.

Kweminingi evulekile abaningana angase afanelekele ukuphila, okwaboniswa "Kepler". Planet 186F, isibonelo, ngesikhathi esisodwa sibacabangele ngokungathí sina "iwele" Zomhlaba. Nokho
Okwamanje asikwazi qiniseka ukutholakala wangempela wawo wonke amaplanethi itholiwe. Phela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuze bakwazi ukusho
ukuthi umzimba wasezulwini ukuphila kufanelekile, kufanele uhlole eziningi ofanele ngempela. Thina silethuba elihle lokwenza ukufunda iplanethi eyodwa kuphela, ngokuqinisekile
ezikulungele ukuhlala kuzona - Earth. Lokhu nenani impahla incane kakhulu. Kodwa ngesisekelo Amaqiniso aziwayo, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi umsuka wazo zonke izinto eziphilayo
khona kuyadingeka yamanzi ewuketshezi. Lolu khetho kwenza ukuba ukwethula umqondo ezifana "indawo ye habitability" - kukhona amaplanethi lapho, ngiyabonga
ibanga esihle inkanyezi, kungaba ukuba namanzi. Kulesi zone, amanzi has ithuba shabalala noma iqhwa. Ukuba khona uketshezi incike ukugqama
izinkanyezi, futhi ibanga le planethi ukusuka elangeni.

Eyesibili phansi

Yini futhi kumelwe sithole ukuthi othi baye bathola iplanethi efanayo Emhlabeni? "Kepler", njengoba kungaba njalo, ulwazi olufana akasinikeli
can. It yenzelwe kuphela ukuthola khona exoplanets. Noma kunjalo, siyazi ukuthi izici iplanethi kungaba zihluke kakhulu.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngisho giant igesi Kutholwe ayinakuba isiqinisekiso sokuthi akukho kwalo amanzi. Phela, wayehawukela lakheka ngokubizwa satellite ezineziqhumane efanelekayo.

Ukuze ematfuba ukuphila njengoba sikwazi lihlangabezana eziningi izici: khona kumasathalayithi, ibanga ukusuka inkanyezi, ukukhanya umsebenzi, khona oluyingozi
Inkanyezi endaweni, amaplanethi amakhulukazi ohlelweni inkanyezi. Ngesisekelo idatha sekusaziwa yithi, ososayensi basikisela ukuthi ukuphila kungavela ngokuyinhloko, phezu
amaplanethi yilezi ngangokunokwenzeka efana bomdabu yethu - azungeza ilanga-like inkanyezi uzungeza emzileni efanayo, okuyinto has a efanayo isisindo, iminyaka yobudala,
ububanzi kanye neminye imingcele. iqoqo okunjalo tidzingo "yezwe yesibili" kuholela yokuthi kokutholakala amaplanethi efana Umhlaba, okubangela nemizwelo eminingi ebuhlungu
ososayensi futhi izakhamuzi. Manje sekukhona wathola exoplanets ezimbili ezidinga ukunakwa ngaphezulu, njengoba kungase kube kuhle labo ngabo ukuba Astronomical Satellite sidalwe "Kepler". Planet 186F futhi 452b.

Kepler 186f

Kepler 186f - iplanethi wathola ngo-Ephreli 2014. Naphezu kwebanga eside, ngakho sathola pretty okuningi: lumayelana oyisichwe ebomvu nge PERIODICITY 130 izinsuku Earth, amapheshana enkulu-10%. Ezungeza edabula onqenqemeni elingaphandle habitable zone. Akhona isitatimende wamukelwa ngomdlandla ke eziningi zabantu abavamile, kanye nezincwadi ngisho ohlonishwayo waqala ukuthwala ukubukeka ngayo le planethi, izici zayo kanye amabhonasi ezingase uthole leli zwe, "kusho udadewabo." Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ososayensi bakwazi ukubuyela ngokoqobo nina baboni bemibono.

Ukusho ngokuthe ngqó ukuthi kungenzeka izinto eziphila kule planethi, kumele ube nenani elikhulu kakhulu idatha. Ngokwesibonelo, udinga ukuthola khona
umoya, ukubunjwa yayo, ukwakheka kanye ubunjalo iplanethi, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kanye nezinye izici eziningi. Okwamanje asinawo imishini,
uyakwazi buqamama olukhulu olungakaze ukuthola zonke izici ezithakazelisayo kithi. Nokho, e-2020s indlela efanayo sihlelelwe ukuqalisa ku-orbit,
ukutadishwa amaplanethi extrasolar.

Indlela fly to the iplanethi Kepler 186f? Hhayi-ke, cishe eduze kwethu - kuso ezinye 400 kuphela light-years.

Kepler 452b

It elise kancane eminye kude nathi - at ibanga iminyaka ukukhanya 1400. Inkanyezi ezungeza okuyinto lokhu "iwele" cishe Earth, efana ilanga lethu.
Emzileni Kepler 452b icishe lifane nsé Earth. Usuku lwethu izinsuku 385. Usayizi iplanethi inkulu kakhulu kunangendlela Earth - engaba okukhulu kuka-60%. Ngakho,
uma kwabantu iplanethi kuyafana ukuthi Zomhlaba, kuyoba nesisindo izikhathi 4, okuholela amandla adonsela phansi kakhulu futhi - ezikhathini 1,5. Ubudala uhlelo lezinkanyezi,
okuyinto "ukuphila" Thina sinesithakazelo iplanethi zeminyaka 6 billion ubudala, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu-4.5 -. engu kwelanga lethu.

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi izinto eziphila kule planethi? Mhlawumbe. Kodwa kungase kungabi. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuze kube yilapho imishini eliqondile yesimanje, okuyokwenza ukutadisha iplanethi,
ngezinye amabanga kangaka, asikwazi ukusho ngokuthe ngqó ukuthi lokhu nabanye ngeke bakwazi ukubona izithombe iplanethi Kepler 452b nokunye okufana nakho.