Kanjani indiza Gagarin wathatha? indiza emkhathini Yokuxhumana Gagarin sika

indiza Yuriya gagarina emkhathini waba senzakalo esikhulu kuso sonke isintu. Igama-astronaut wokuqala emlandweni emhlabeni isibe. Imininingwane ukuya emkhathini lokuqala, izingozi walala elabo indoda ezikhaleni nhlobo wendawo yonke, uzofunda kusukela kulesi sihloko.

Injongo ye-flight

Phakathi indiza yokuqala mkhathi "Vostok" Gagarin kwadingeka benze omunye revolution emhlabeni Earth. Flight engamamitha kufanele kube 180-230 amakhilomitha, ubude - imizuzu 80. Phakathi ezisemkhathini astronaut travel kwakudingekile ukwazi ukuthi umuntu enomuzwa emkhathini ngokukhethekile ahlomele umkhumbi wakhe wokuphila, ukuhlola ukusebenza zonke izinhlelo izindiza, hlola uxhumano Earth. Gagarin obekumele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindlela kokufika Cosmonaut bese umkhumbi ziphephile futhi ethembekile. Kanjani indiza Gagarin wathatha? Lokhu uzofunda ngokufunda kulesi sihloko.

izingozi ezingase zibe khona

EU.SSR iqhaza emncintiswaneni isikhala. Kunemibiko ukuthi ngo-1961 (20 April), amaMelika ukuhlela ukuthumela indoda emkhathini. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo mayelana nokuthi ubani kuyoba astronaut lokuqala, sathathwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Emhlanganweni we Code Civil evunyiwe candidacy of Yuri Gagarin, understudy zakhe zaba German titov. Lo mkhumbi "East" futhi yadalwa ngesikhathi esifushane. imishini izindiza lwase lwenziwa lula kakhulu. Abaklami kwadingeka umhlatshelo the-ship system nge kokwehla elithambile, futhi eziphuthumayo wokutakula ekuqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mkhumbi Sasingekho isimiso unyathela amabhuleki emuva-up. Le isixazululo wayeshukunyiswa yokuthi ngesikhathi ongaphakeme orbit enjalo mkhathi away trajectories futhi bayasilela emuva Umhlaba ngokwawo ngenxa yezizathu yemvelo - le unyathela amabhuleki ka emkhathini. Le nqubo, ngokuvumelana izibalo wezazi, kwakumelwe izinsuku eziyishumi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimiso ezisekela ukuphila kuye kwabalwa. Mayelana kangakanani indiza emkhathini Gagarin lasted ngaphakathi ngokoqobo - ku.

isiqalo

Ukwethulwa mkhathi "Vostok" senziwe 09:07 isikhathi eMoscow ngo-1961, ngo-Ephreli 12, kusukela le Baikonur Cosmodrome. Esikebheni kwakuneqembu indiza kwaba Gagarin - pilot-Cosmonaut, abanquma ukuba anqobe Uma uwubuka usemkhathini, naphezu sengcupheni baphile futhi babe nempilo. Ngaphambi kokuqala Yuri wathi, isibe ibinzana edume: "Asihambe!" "East" uye wasebenza ngokugculisayo, kodwa esigabeni yokugcina uhlelo lokulawula umsakazo kwenqatshiwe, ngakho eyesithathu injini esiteji ukuvala shaqa okwenzeka ngemva kokuba umkhumbi wawusengozini isikhala. Ukuphakama langempela komzila wokuzungeza lapho baqala ukuthutha mkhathi yeqe kulinganiselwa ngaso km 100. Ngokusho idatha declassified, imingcele zawo zazilotshiwe 327h180 km. Uma uhlelo unyathela amabhuleki womkhumbi ehluleka ke ngaphansi kwethonya umshini emkhathini ukubuyela Umhlaba ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-50. Lokhu kwakuyosho ezithile ukufa astronaut. Cishe bangaki eyathatha indiza Gagarin sika, manje yibo bonke abantu. Ngenhlanhla, Yuri uhambo yaphela ngokuphepha.

e-orbit

Ngosuku olufanayo, umhlaba wonke wafunda mayelana nendlela imizuzu eminingi eyathatha ukundiza Gagarin - Cosmonaut esemkhunjini "Vostok" imizuzu 108. Sonke lesi sikhathi, Yuri olwenziwa ucwaningo elula: isiphuzo, udle, wazama ukubhala. Umzamo Gagarin ukuze ufake ipensela eduze kwakhe kuye kwaholela neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela ngokushesha ngomkhumbi. Cosmonaut baphetha ngokuthi izinto ezidingekayo esikhaleni udinga ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi. Zonke imibono yakhe Yuri eqoshiwe on tape. Njengoba ososayensi kwangaphambi kwendiza ababengalazi kanjani esitebeleni kungaba psyche womuntu emkhathini, elawulwa kude umkhumbi wavinjwa. Iphasiwedi emvilophini ekhethekile Gagarin obekumele ukuvula emzileni. Ngokusho yetinsita inhlanganisela ezithandwayo zezingoma izinombolo (125) nabanye watshela Yura ngaphambi kwendiza.

iyiphi angahlangani

Kanjani indiza Gagarin wathatha? Yena ngiko sifushane futhi saphela ngokukhululwa kokufa Cosmonaut kuqala, ngoba umkhumbi lokubikezela yayingekho ngaphansi kuyingozi ukwedlula egijima. unyathela amabhuleki uhlelo esakhiwe Isayev, uye wasebenza ukushiyeka encane. Okuzenzakalelayo ngokwahlukana linezingxenye akuyona aphethwe, lapho phambi izingqimba engenhla mkhathi umoya nemiyalezo unyakaziswa ngapha nangapha ngesivinini 1 revolution ngomzuzwana. Gagarin akazange alahlekelwe ukuzibamba wathi Umhlaba isimo esiphuthumayo kule isisho esinombandela. Ngenhlanhla, izintambo instrumentation kanye ngamandla gumbi lushiswe izingqimba luthe ukuqina ebangelwa umkhathi, futhi ekugcineni alishiye umkhumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho kokwehla apharathasi owawusenkundleni ethile imodi sikhululeke kakhudlwana. Kungakanani yathatha indiza Yuriya gagarina? imizuzu 108, futhi bangaki zinto zake zenzeka kule esifushane!

sindisa

Yehla "Vostok", kanye nazo zonke ezinye iziphuphutheki we ekilasini efanayo, wathatha indawo kanye trajectory ballistic. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi ukufika astronaut wazizwa ngokuphindwe kayishumi overload. Yuri ilungiselela lokhu test, futhi wamelana nalo. Mayelana kangakanani eyathatha ukundiza Gagarin, laziwe kubo bonke ososayensi nonjiniyela ezihlobene kwethulwa umuntu wokuqala emkhathini, ngoba iye yalandela umkhumbi ngesikhathi sangempela. Nokho, akunakwenzeka ukuthi astronaut wakwazi landelani inkambo. ukucindezeleka Psychological zaziphathelene nokugula okuningi. Ngemuva kokufaka umkhumbi phakathi sheathing emkhathini metal iqala igcwale amanzi lapho zihlatshwa lokushisa eliphezulu, ubukhulu okuyinto senyuselwa degrees ayizinkulungwane 3-5. Ukusakaza metal oncibilikisiwe egijima phansi amafasitela ahlotshiswe ngokweqile. umkhumbi gumbi crackled ominously. Ukuze kugcinwe umthwalo onjalo ku psyche kwakunzima ngisho Usululungele iyiphi astronaut isiphetho. Ngokuthakazelisayo, isihlakala ukubukela indiza Gagarin ehloniphekayo zatholakala ziyiqiniso ukuminyana, futhi njalo wasebenza phakathi nawo wonke uhambo.

kokwehla Hard

Emva "East" phansi ezingeni amakhilomitha ayisikhombisa phezu Earth, Gagarin ukhiphe. I capsule futhi astronaut zaqala ukwehlela emhlabathini eceleni, ngamunye parachute sakhe. Esimeni spacesuit ngokuphelele moya akazange ngokushesha Breather kwembulwe. Cosmonaut wacishe wafa. Ukuhlolwa kokugcina kwakuwukumsongela bagxuma sifinyelela ezineqhwa we iVolga. Ngekhono aphethe izitilobho, Gagarin wakwazi ukuba agweme le ngozi. Wafikela amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka osebeni lomfula.

Umhlangano ngo-Earth

Bangaki eyathatha indiza Gagarin sika emkhathini, ayisekho okwakubaluleke. Ngenxa yesibindi sabo, ukukhuthazela Amazing futhi intando ukunqoba astronaut phakade sihleli igama lakhe emakhasini umlando wezwe. Umsebenzi wafezwa. Isihloli lokuqala isikhala kwaba compatriot yethu, Yuriy Alekseevich Gagarin. Futhi lesi senzakalo ayikwazi overestimated. Ngenxa efanele ukubopha ngamandla lokubikezela kwenzeke hhayi endaweni lohleliwe, eduze kwaseStalingrad, futhi Saratov esifundeni Engels ezizungeze idolobha. Ngokusho version olusemthethweni, Okokuqala ngaphawula ukhoporali Gagarin VG Sapeltsev uphinde uhlangane futhi ukuletha astronaut kuqala eseduze Abezempi Major A. N. Gassiev. Nokho, ngokuvumelana neminye imithombo, owokuqala okufanele zifinyelelwe Yuri ngemuva kokufika, babe Anna, inkosikazi wehlathi, nomzukulu wakhe UMargarita. Kamuva endaweni yesehlakalo efika izakhamuzi ezempi kanye basekhaya. Gagarin wayiswa Abezempi, lapho Cosmonaut yokuqala kubika kumlawuli lendawo ukuzivikela emoyeni izabelo kuphothulwe ngempumelelo.

Udumo malube iqhawe!

Yuri Gagarin waba yindoda-uphawu ukwenza isinyathelo sokuqala phakathi expanses ezingakaze zifinyelelwe universe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wayethukuthela isikhala a uLieutenant lokuqala, futhi ifike ezinkulu. On a guy elula Russian wawela zonke izinhlobo imiklomelo kanye nemiklomelo. British Queen wambiza muntu wasemhlabeni, kanye 'sasezulwini' futhi, kuphambene nenhlonipho, ukuthathwa isithombe naye. Sunny ukumamatheka Gagarin isibe brand kwangempela. Yuri lazibonakalisa odumo. feat wakhe kuye kwabonisa umhlaba ukuthi indoda Russian. Futhi manje siyaziqhenya ukuthi compatriot wethu wenza ngendiza yokuqala emkhathini. Gold Medal. Gagarin unikelwa zezinkanyezi kanye Cosmonauts, abaye nomthelela ukuhlola umkhathi. Federal Space Agency uye wamisa unongorwana okhethekileko - uphawu Gagarin. Igama Cosmonaut lokuqala okuthiwa eziningi izindawo, izifunda, ezitaladini, boulevards, ephahlwe. Gzhatsk, lapho Yuri wakhula, uqambe kabusha Gagarin. Mayelana wahlala isikhathi esingakanani indiza Gagarin sika, is zonke ezaziwayo emhlabeni wonke. igama astronaut sika iyaphindwa ngezilimi ezahlukene ngokuziqhenya nenhlonipho.