Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zikaphayini. Izinhlobo zikaphayini Izigaxa

Abangaphezu kwekhulu amagama izihlahla ezakha zikaphayini bohlobo, yasakazwa kulo lonke eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zemithi zikaphayini ingatholakala ezintabeni nje eningizimu ngisho ezindaweni ezishisayo. Lokhu siluhlaza monoecious zezihlahla namahlamvu inaliti emise.

Lesi sigaba sibika ikakhulukazi endaweni obulungu indawo, nakuba izinhlobo eziningi izitshalo zikaphayini eyayenziwe ezifuywa futhi ngokuvamile obizwa ngegama umfuyi.

Incazelo jikelele pine bohlobo

Ukubukeka zikaphayini kungaba ezahlukene: kaningi kangakanani emithini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi prostrate nezihlahla. Ubujamo umqhele ngeminyaka zokhahlamba kusuka pyramidal ukuba eyindilinga noma umbellate. Lokhu kungenxa lilokhu libuna amagatsha ephansi kanye nokukhula ngokushesha amagatsha ngobubanzi.

Amahlumela, okuyinto baqoqa izinaliti, kungokwemvelo, mfushane noma yinde. I izinaliti ziqoqwa izinyanda, flat noma ntathu, emincane futhi eside, musa bawe iminyaka 3-6. Kwahlelwa emhlabeni base ishq esihle. Izithelo kukhona Izigaxa, okuyinto ukuthuthukisa ngaphakathi imbewu (enamaphiko futhi ngaphandle kwazo).

Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphayini hhayi fastidious kakhulu, nesomiso nemithi, abandayo nemithi futhi asidingi inhlabathi evundile. Izitshalo uncamela nenhlabathi ezomile anesihlabathi Stony, nakuba kule ndaba ngaphandle White Pine, Wallich, umsedari anenhlaka futhi abazimisele sikhule umswakama ngokulinganisela. Ukuze entabeni zikaphayini ezifaneleke Inhlabathi ekhumuzelayo. Futhi manje sihlole kabanzi ezinye izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo.

Scotch zikaphayini

Cishe lena yiyona conifer obanzi kunayo e-Eurasia, okungase ngokuthi uphawu kwamahlathi Russian. Buka zikaphayini uthando yokukhanya, uzizwa emihle futhi kanzima sezulu enyakatho, futhi ukushisa asemaqeleni. Nge ngokulambisa ukubekezelela izimo ezisemadolobheni, kodwa isivuno main for kudalwe amahlathi emhlabathini anesihlabathi. Umklamo landscape Scots amandla e ukufunwa ezihlukahlukene amafomu zokuhlobisa kanye nokukhula ngokushesha.

zingakhula esihlahleni ukuze 40 amamitha. Amagxolo odabukileyo, obomvu-ensundu, izitshalo ezisencane - nomzimba omncane, kancane orange. I izinaliti kukhona aluhlaza-grey umbala, ezimbili, eziqinile, flat noma lwalugobile, eside 4-6 cm. Ubuningi beminyaka sesihlahla som ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle - iminyaka 400-600.

Kukhona eyayenziwe ezifuywa izinhlobonhlobo eziningi yemifino kanye yemifino zikaphayini Scots. Ngo izimo zemvelo ensimini ka endaweni ke livela ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene, wachapha kalula futhi izinhlobo ezifana zikaphayini omnyama entabeni. Kuye endaweni ezikhulayo nayo labelwe amafomu mayelana 30 emvelweni - ecotypes.

ESiberia itshe zikaphayini

izinhlobo ezaziwa nezinye zezihlahla zikaphayini. ERussia, omunye eyigugu kakhulu zinhlobo ihlathi isihlahla iyona laseSiberia itshe zikaphayini - umuthi onamandla nge ocebile MNV ovoid umqhele. I izinaliti zimfushane (6-13 cm) kanye anolaka. Hardy, likhula zone Iqhwa, e ibhande ehlathini. Imbewu Izigaxa ezinkulu ezidliwayo futhi ecebile okunamafutha amafutha. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama kuze kufinyelele 3 metres.

Pine umsedari Elfin

Common eSiberia Western neMpumalanga Ekude. Cedar zikaphayini Elfin has simise ehlathini, ezinabantu yandisa futhi unalo ikhono ukuthatha amagatsha impande sehliselwe phansi. Kuyinto uhlobo sibonga zokuhlobisa kuya izinaliti enhle oluluhlaza, elikhanyayo obomvu besilisa spikelets futhi yokubukisa uhlevane obomvana ngokunsomi.

zikaphayini White

amahle kakhulu kanye pine ubude.

Izinhlobonhlobo futhi zama-AmaConifers North American kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho. White Pine kuyahluka izinaliti mncane, soft futhi eside umbala esiluhlaza. Izigaxa abe ukuma lwalugobile side. Excellent ukumelana yesithwathwa ezinzima, kodwa lonke undemanding asihambisani engadini idolobha.

Intaba zikaphayini Weymouth

Ezinye izinhlobo owaziwa zemithi zikaphayini sikhule eCrimea, isibonelo intaba Weymouth. Kuyinto kwezinhlobo amahle North American, okuyinto ihlukile esedlule mfushane izinaliti esiluhlaza futhi inani elikhulu Izigaxa lwalugobile. izihlahla Mature - amamitha angaba ngu-30, umqhele lincane, isici pubescence ibuthuntu ku amahlumela amasha. Lo muthi ukushisa-onothando, nakuba isomiso kuhambisana nobunzima. Sikhula kakhulukazi ezindaweni sezintaba bavikelekile umoya nemisinga yolwandle.

Pine uPallas (pine Crimean)

Olunye uhlobo isakazeke eCrimea nhlonhlo. Pine uPallas - isihlahla abade, mayelana 20 amamitha. Amagxolo kuyinto ngokubomvu omnyama, oluneziqhingi crevasses. Crohn obukhulu, ngokushintsha ukuma amaqanda ukuze umbellate. Ezahlukene amagatsha nendawo eyeluliweyo nge semikhawulweni waphenduka-up kanye Izigaxa ezinkulu. Crimean zikaphayini ukukhanya-edinga, undemanding nenhlabathi, kulula ukubekezelela ukungabi umswakama. Kukhona futhi ekhula eCaucasus, eKrethe, aseBalkan, e-Asia Minor.

Armand zikaphayini

IsiShayina ukubukeka zokuhlobisa nge eside, izinaliti mncane, imbewu amafutha ezidliwayo isici. Sikhula kuphela ezindaweni aseningizimu ukufudumala.

Amabhange zikaphayini

isakhiwo ezahlukene leyehlukehlukene amazwe kusuka eNyakatho neMelika. izinaliti olukhanyayo oluhlaza ngokwanele iDemo nesisontekile, Izigaxa lwalugobile. Sikhula sibe amamitha angama-25 ukuphakama. Frost nemithi, ukubukeka linesizotha ezifanele nganoma yisiphi umhlabathi. Simila kuphela izingadi zezimila.

Pinus Heldreichii

Lolu hlobo kuvamile emazweni aseBalkan futhi eningizimu ye-Italy. Elinesimo izinaliti umbukwane eside ayilutho umbala oluhlaza. Njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi Pines, izithombe zazo ethulwa impahla, linesizotha kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukubekezelela izimo ezisemadolobheni. Ubuthakathaka - eziqinile ngokwanele ngoba iviyo phakathi, ngakho ephelele ezifundazweni eziseningizimu.

zikaphayini entabeni

ekhangayo futhi entabeni zikaphayini. Izinhlobo Pines ayahlakazeka yonkana eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Lolu hlobo likhula ezintabeni eMelika Ephakathi-Southern Europe. Kungumuthi esikhulu branched noma Elfin sisalokhu. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile landscape design babe nezinkolelo ezihlukahlukene izihlahla compact ezincanyana zazo ukudala enhle loMfula amachibi, emasimini enamadwala, njll Ukuphakama esiphezulu -. 10 metres, kanye ubuncane - 40 amasentimitha.

Pinus densiflora

Omunye zilwane eziqinile etshalwa eRussia emaphakathi - the okuthiwa zikaphayini Japanese abomvu. Isimo esiyinhloko ekukhuleni kwayo okuhle - hhayi okokuqandisa eside kakhulu kwenhlabathi. I izinaliti made futhi yokugcwala ekupheleni amagatsha, kanti dusting kwesihlahla exudes Iphunga. Alamukeli izimo komuzi, ezikhula abampofu nenhlabathi sandy.

Melkotsvetkovaya zikaphayini noma uphayini mhlophe

zinhlobo Japanese of Pines Ornamental ethulwa melkotsvetkovoy (omhlophe) pine, okuyinto lethiwa yesibili bands yokubukisa omhlophe noma bluish phezu izinaliti, wamemezela ngenxa twist. Nezimostoyka e eRussia emaphakathi kuphela efanele ezihlukahlukene yemifino ikhula. Njengoba isihlahla uthanda ukufudumala nokukhanya okuhle, isimo sezulu evuna naye kahle ngoba ogwini Black Sea.

Ponderosa

Ukubuka zikanokusho nge ewumngcingo, pyramidal, openwork umqhele ngokwemvelo ikhula eNyakatho Melika. It has izinaliti eside futhi nice uqweqwe obukhulu. It iyaphila izifunda eseningizimu futhi ezindaweni ezimaphakathi of Russia, kodwa zilimaze e obubandayo kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla ifinyelela 10 metres. Ukhetha evikelekile emoyeni, ngakho kungcono kakhulu etshalwe amaqembu. Ponderosa akuyona ukungenwa imvelo eziyingozi ezisemadolobheni.

Pinus cembra

zinhlobo European yemisedari zikaphayini efanayo aseSiberia "umzala." Umahluko wukuthi osayizi ezincane, ayazika esakaza umqhele kanye izinaliti mncane eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namabhampa imbewu yemithi akuzona esikhulu. Ukhula kancane ngaphezulu kodwa baphila isikhathi eside. Kuyobukeka aphelele zokutshala olulodwa futhi iqembu izingadi.

Korean umsedari zikaphayini

A zezinyoni ezingavamile Ornamental, ezikhulayo eliseMpumalanga Ekude, eMpumalanga Asia, naseJapane. Nobuhle kungumuthi coniferous kungenziwa kuqhathaniswa laseSiberia itshe zikaphayini, nakuba umqhele ngesikhathi "baseKorea" ngaphansi obukhulu, downy izinaliti grey-oluhlaza kanye Izigaxa zokuhlobisa. Imbewu, amantongomane futhi ezidliwayo. Frost phakathi band Russia isiko ithwala okuvamile, ikhula izihlahla efanele, kodwa endle kungaba zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha 40-50 amamitha.

Montezuma zikaphayini

Umnini izinaliti eside kakhulu, ezimweni zemvelo ezitholakala entshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika kanye Guatemala.

I umuthi likhula-30 amamitha eliphezulu futhi elikhulu umqhele globular. Huge Izigaxa tapered ongafinyelela ubude 25 cm. Uncamela sezulu esifudumele futhi zinomswakama kakhulu ngakho ku nampande YaseCrimea. Akukhona kuncike isifo kanye nomthelela izinambuzane.

bristlecone pine

zinhlobo Ornamental Abaningi pine, kuhlanganise i-bristlecone zikhule kahle futhi izithelo bear eRussia emaphakathi. Lolu hlobo North American ngempela ezingavamile futhi imele komtamariske noma izihlahlana nge amagatsha ephakanyiswe, akha umqhele Fluffy lisakazeka. I izinaliti kukhona awugqinsi, futhi Izigaxa - ameva eside. izinhlobonhlobo linesizotha futhi ebusika-eziqinile konke.

Pinus Peuce

Movement zikaphayini Balkan inesikhala esincane pyramidal umqhele, izinaliti obukhulu-luhlaza ubude 5-10 amasentimitha kanye Izigaxa cylindrical hung ngemilenze. Young Kuphendula glabrous. Amagxolo ensundu, ungqimba. Pinus Peuce likhula ngokushesha futhi alinaso izidingo ezikhethekile ukukhanya kanye nenhlabathi. Asetshenziswa umhlobiso amapaki.

Pinus contorta (shirokohvoynaya)

It is ezikhulayo eNyakatho neMelika ngenxa ezinhle hardiness ebusika yakhulela eRussia emaphakathi. Isiko ubabonisa phezu izindawo ezinkulu ngasogwini Pacific. Igama onikelwa umbhangqwana basonta izinaliti. Noma ezihlabayo kungaba okusezingeni eliphezulu (amamitha angu-50) esihlahleni, amagatsha engezansi okuyinto ivinjelwe, kanye engenhla noma esakaza, noma iqondiswe phezulu. Isiko sikhula kancane kancane ngokwanele, kodwa linesizotha kuya izimo zokuphila hhayi nje kuphela ngohlobo kodwa ngisho edolobheni.

Pinus thunbergii

Ezingavamile ukubukeka zokuhlobisa ovela eJapane, okuthiwa futhi omnyama zikaphayini. The main kwendawo yemvelo - emahlathini asezintabeni okusezingeni eliphezulu, cishe ngo-1000 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Lokhu isihlahla esihlale siluhlaza ekhula ukuze 40 metres ubude. Crohn ngokuvamile okungajwayelekile ijamo, umbala ukukhanya green, nge izinaliti eqinile nakho ngeke kusize eside (8-14 cm x 2 mm). Amagxolo omnyama, futhi amahlumela amasha zinemibala esawolintshi futhi uhamba-ze. Pinecones Pinus thunbergii cishe imbewu flat futhi grey enamaphiko. Thermophilic futhi umswakama-onothando isiko, okuyinto ezweni wethu ukhula kahle Sochi.

Pinus wallichiana (Wallich noma Valliha)

kwavela elibizayo dlinnohvoynaya zikaphayini, osuka ezintabeni zaseHimalaya futhi ezintabeni Tibetan. Elikhula ngokushesha, ukubekezelela kahle frost, umswakama-onothando. Indawo ephelele isiko esinalo - eCrimea, lapho kungcono izithelo ezinkulu. Isihlahla ngokwemvelo ifinyelela ukuphakama 30-50 amamitha. izinaliti 18-isentimitha grey-oluhlaza Beautiful uyahlanganyela. uhlevane okuhlobisa ophuzi inqobo - mayelana 32 amasentimitha. Buka landscape kutshalwa ekutshaleni iqembu.

black zikaphayini

Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi Ornamental of Pines ezikhulayo izitshalo, kuhlanganise black zikaphayini, beza kithi kusukela kwezifunda zezintaba eYurophu Ephakathi. Lolu hlobo linamandla kakhulu izimo ezisemadolobheni. Igama elinikeziwe emnyama kakhulu amagxolo eluhlaza izinaliti ezikhulayo ngokucebile. Lokhu kwakha endaweni shady ngokungafani kuya zikaphayini Scots. ERussia, ifanelekela asemaqeleni ingxenye North eCaucasus, nakuba izinhlobo undersized zokuhlobisa kungenziwa buhlanjululwe nasenyakatho.

Yiziphi Izigaxa pine?

Imihlobo ehlukeneko zikaphayini Izigaxa zihlukaniswa shape yabo, isayizi nembala. Kodwa wonke amalungu omndeni ekuqaleni ukuphila elithambile, okuphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani, kanti njengoba evuthwa bok futhi ushintsho umbala kusuka green kumnyama ensundu.

Usayizi ngobukhulu kuyinto zikaphayini American Izigaxa Lambert - 50 amasentimitha eside, Coulter - kuze kufinyelele 40 amasentimitha, futhi fir Cilician ezikhula amasentimitha angaba ngu-30 ubude. Izigaxa kulencane ngokulambisa ukunweba kuze 3 amasentimitha, Lyell babe larch kanye Douglas-Japanese.

Ngokuvamile, uhlobo izihlahla zikaphayini has a ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha nokukhula. Okuhlukile ngenxa yokubaluleka lezo zinhlobo abanale siqhubeke siphila ezimweni ezinzima zezulu: phezulu ezintabeni, e emaxhaphozini, phezu ncishana Stony phansi eNorth. Kulezi zimo, zibe izihlahla anamandla efanele nezinhlobonhlobo yemifino. Nokho, ziyisici Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ngoba umhlobiso landscape ekutshaleni.