Izimpawu ze-isifo sofuba yamaphaphu.

Omunye isifo samaphaphu kuyinto sofuba. Njenganoma isifo ngasinye, it has izimpawu zayo, izimpawu isifo sofuba yamaphaphu, kuba ngazo futhi sizobe ukukhuluma. I-ejenti causative isifo sofuba kuyinto sofuba Mycobacterium. Ngo 1882, uProfesa Robert Koch atholakala izikhungo sofuba amagciwane anamathele, wabeka nenetha lwegciwane isiko. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi igciwane lesifo sofuba ifa ukumelana amathonya zangaphandle. Lapho injected imvelo esihle ukwanda kwabo, amagciwane e-TB angaphila isikhathi eside. Namuhla, izimpawu isifo sofuba yamaphaphu kukhona eyaziwayo.

Isifo sofuba - isifo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezithathelwanayo ngokuvamile kuhilela izinto eziningi izinkinga. ukutheleleka Ikakhulukazi ezinzima kwenzeka ezinganeni, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi immunosystem ingane, ngokuba kunalokho ebuthakathaka, hhayi ukukwazi ukumelana emagciwaneni, ungenwa isifo umzimba. Ukuthuthukiswa nenkambo sofuba ezinganeni incike izici umzimba. Kunamandla immunosystem ingane, cishe kanye ngokushesha kakhulu kuyoba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo nesifo. Ezinganeni kusuka ekuzalweni kuya eminyakeni emibili igciwane le-TB kungaba zasakazekela umzimba. Uma sikhuluma izingane ezindala, immunosystem yabo okuvimba isifo ezingeni ukukhanya. Izimpawu ze-TB e ingane incike ukuma egeleza lesi sifo, kanye indawo inqubo. izimpawu kalula lokhu isifo samaphaphu:   bona kubhekwa eziphikelelayo ukukhwehlela, imfiva, ukukhathala, kwehle kokuqapha, ukungakuthandi ukudla kwesisindo. Izimpawu zalesi Lesifo ngokuvamile kakhulu zifane izimpawu of umkhuhlane, acute nezifo zokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala bronchi. Ukuxilongwa sofuba kusekelwe ngesisekelo idatha eziyinkimbinkimbi. ukukhanya isitho cwaningo ngosizo umshini-X-ray, ucwaningo ekhethekile ezikhishwe ukhwehlela isikhwehlela, isikhumba Mantoux test - zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze basize ukuqinisekisa ubukhona nokungabikho sofuba ezinganeni.

Amaphesenti esanda kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe isifo sofuba yamaphaphu, izingane bakha 78% wezindleko. Ngokushesha ngemva ukucaciswa uphethwe ngokushesha kumele kuqale ukwelashwa, ogxile yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Namuhla phthisiatricians bahlangana eside nakho zokuvimbela futhi ukuthola ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokwelashwa.

Izingane zanoma iyiphi iminyaka lesi sifo kunzima. Ngo intsha, kukhona ushintsho oluphawulekayo endleleni uhlelo endocrine, okuyinto nomthelela ikakhulukazi omubi inkambo inqubo.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Ibambezelekile lesi sifo futhi lesichubekako yamaphaphu sofuba kuholela ekufeni. Ezinganeni, lesi sifo libhekene ukungabikho izici ngokuqinile ethize, okuholela izinkinga eziphawulekayo uphethwe. Ngakho-ke, isimo esiyinhloko esifike ngesikhathi futhi kunembile uphethwe - polnotseloe luhlolo.

Izimpawu ze-isifo sofuba yamaphaphu kungatholakala by uphethwe gqwa, okuyinto eyenziwa usebenzisa ukuhlolwa Mantoux, kanye ngonyaka, kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala; futhi izingane nentsha abangakaze zigonyelwe isifo sofuba njalo 6 m., eziqala 6 m. ubudala phambi wokugoma zizokwenziwa. Chest-X ray ukuba intsha, abafundi, abasebenzi. Inhlolo-vo eyenziwa emsebenzini noma esikoleni, izibhedlela TB dispensaries.

Izimpawu ze-TB ezinganeni musa zehluke jikelele. Ukuxilongwa sofuba wenziwa yonkana sebuningini sivivinyo seluhlololucwaningo. Kusukela ngesikhathi eladalwa tuberculin, futhi kuze kube namuhla isampuli olufanele akalilahlile indima yayo futhi uhlala indlela eyinhloko uzingela sofuba ezinganeni kanye intsha. Umjovo ongama ka tuberculin emzimbeni womuntu, okuyinto phambilini itheleleke kokubili by nokuguqulwa sofuba ukutheleleka, futhi ngenxa yokugoma, kubangele impendulo efanele ngokwemvelo kulesi sifo, edlala indima enkulu ngoba uyayazi imbangela.

Ngo izingane ezineminyaka engu-inkathi eyinhloko kusho nokuvinjelwa sofuba kuyinto BCG. It ukhonza for kumiswa i mzimba yokufakelwa kule izifo ezithathelwanayo isibe ethandwa kakhulu futhi ngempumelelo isilinganiso tekuvimbela imithi yesimanje. Usola izimpawu isifo sofuba yamaphaphu, yini okufanele uyenze? Kufanele aye esibhedlela luhlolo kanye nokwelashwa izinjongo, elikwaziyo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-TB, ke esabela ftiziopediatr.