Izilawuli zokuziphatha komphakathi

Ukubonakala, ukwakheka, ukuphelela kobuntu kubonakala ngezici ezithile, kwenziwa ngokusho kwemithetho ethile. Abalawuli bezenhlalakahle basivumela ukuba sibone futhi sichaze okuvelele kokukhona komuntu emphakathini.

Izincazelo

Njengoba izikhonzi zokuziphatha komphakathi, cabanga ngamaqembu amancane, umphakathi, ubuntu obunjalo.

Ihlanganiswe ohlelweni olunzulu lobuhlobo bomphakathi. Lezi zihlanganisa: ezombangazwe, ezomthetho, zezimboni, ezombusazwe, ezokuziphatha, ezenkolo, abalawuli bezenhlalakahle abazilawula.

Abalawuli bangaphakathi

Ake sihlaziye izinhlobo zabo eziyinhloko, ezivumela ukunikeza uphawu olubonakalayo lobuntu.

Abalawuli bezenhlalo zomphakathi bahlanganisa:

• Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi, imibono, ubudlelwane, ukuqonda, isimo sezenhlalo nezomnotho;
• Isitayela nendlela yokuphila, amasiko, isimo somphakathi, isimo sengqondo somphakathi, izindinganiso, umndeni, indlela yokuphila;
• Ukuziphatha nokuziphatha, isiko, imibono, ukubuka umhlaba.

Izilawuli zangaphandle

Abalawuli bezenhlalakahle bangenza izinto ezingaphandle:

• Amaqembu omphakathi amakhulu (i-strata, amakilasi, ama-cohorts, ubuchwepheshe, ama-ethnos);
• Amaqembu amancane (inhlangano, iqembu);
• Isimo sezenhlalo nezengqondo, ubudlelwane beqembu, izinga lokuhlelwa komhlangano.

Izinto ezivamile

Abaphathi abanjalo bokuziphatha kwezenhlalakahle bahlanganisa amasiko, ukuthanda, izimpawu, amahemuhemu, ubandlululo, ama-stereotypes, kanye nokuxhumana.

Ukuze uhlukanise umuntu ngamunye, izingxenye zomuntu zokulawula zomphakathi nezengqondo nazo ziyasetshenziswa. Labaphathi bezenhlalakahle abamele isimo sengqondo, igunya, isikhundla, udumo lomphakathi, isimo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukubona izici ezithile zomuntu othile.

Izindlela zomphakathi

Bangumqondisi womphakathi jikelele wemikhuba yokuziphatha yabantu. Phakathi kwezici ezinjalo, sizokhipha imigomo yokuziphatha, yomthetho, yenkolo. Izindinganiso zezinkampani zihlanganisa amamodeli, amaphethini ebuhlotsheni kanye nezenzo, amasiko namasiko, amasiko ahlukahlukene kanye namasiko. Iqembu elifanayo lihlanganisa imigomo yezivumelwano, ubudlelwane bebhizinisi.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ubuntu buyinto engumthetho wezenhlalakahle ohlelweni lokuzimisela komphakathi kwangaphandle. Ngenkambiso yokuziphatha kwezenhlalakahle , kubhekwe njengento nje yokuziphatha kwangaphakathi, kepha futhi kusukela ekubukeni komthetho wangaphandle.

Izakhamuzi eziningi zengqondo zicabangela umsebenzi osebenzayo womuntu ekuziphatheni kwengqondo nokusebenza ngokombono wezinqubo zengqondo, uthi, izimfanelo.

Izinqubo zengqondo

Abalawuli bezenhlalakahle zokuxhumana komphakathi bahlanganisa izinqubo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqonda, okubandakanya ukuhlelwa kwesimiso, ukunikezwa kwe-causal, ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba. Bacabanga ukwamukela, ukucubungula, ukuguqulwa, ukukhiqizwa ngumuntu wolwazi olutholiwe ngaphandle kokuthi ukuziphatha kwezinga eliphezulu kwezenhlalakahle akunakwenzeka.
• Inkulumo ekhuluma ngomlomo nangomlomo, ngosizo lwabo umuntu uthola ulimi olufanayo nabanye abameleli bomphakathi.
• Izimo ezithile zengqondo. Phakathi kwabo sihlukanisa ukuqonda (ukuqondisisa kwengqondo), intuition (ukudlulela emkhawulweni we-isipiliyoni esitholakalayo ngokusebenzisa ukukhiqiza okungokomfanekiso kwamaphethini angaziwa), izahlulelo, ukulandelana, ukuxazulula izinkinga (kubonelela inkambo yezenzakalo, ukuhlaziya isimo, ukuthola indlela yokuphuma ngayo).

Isikhala esiphezulu se-semantic esigxotsheni sokuqaphelisisa ukukhiqizwa kwezilawuli zangaphakathi zokuziphatha komuntu emphakathini.

I-VF Petrenko iveza izici ezilandelayo zokuhlelwa kabusha kwezikhala ze-semantic subjective:

• Ukuhlola;
• Umsebenzi;
• Ukuhleleka;
• Ukuncintisana;
• Qinisa;
• Induduzo.

Ukwakhiwa kwesithuba semastic kuveza izigaba eziningana. Okokuqala, zonke ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinto ezicatshangelwayo zikhethiwe. Okulandelayo, i-matrix yokufana kwezinto ezikhethiwe ikhiwe, ukusondela kwabo kulinganiselwa. Khona-ke i-matrix isetshenziswe ngezibalo ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwezinto. Futhi esigabeni sokugcina, ukuchazwa kwezici okucatshangelwayo kuyenziwa.

Umthetho njengomlawuli wezenhlalakahle ungomunye wabaqondisi bangaphakathi bokuziphatha komuntu siqu. Kusisiza ukuba sihlole ukuphendula komzwelo komuntu kumthelela weqhinga eliqinile noma elifushane.

Phakathi kwezilawuli zangaphakathi zesimo sengqondo sesithakazelo esithile ukucindezeleka. Ihlotshaniswa nesizinda esingokomzwelo esibi nokungahambisani nokuziphatha.

Kulezi zibonakaliso, kunezimo ezihlukahlukene ezikhungathekile, isibonelo, ukubonakala kwesikhashana kwemizwa ebuhlungu, ukugqugquzela izenzo ezinzima ezihlobene nezinkinga ezivela emndenini, emsebenzini.

Ngenxa yezimfanelo zengqondo, imithethonqubo yangaphakathi yokuziphendulela inikezwa, ichazwe ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Ngendlela yempahla yomuntu siqu, lokhu kungabonakala njengomuntu womuntu okwenza isenzo esisebenzayo, umthwalo wemisebenzi yezenzo, izinguquko.

Ngenxa yezimfanelo zomuntu siqu, umuntu usungula ubuhlobo nabanye abantu, uthola izindlela zokuziphatha emphakathini wezenhlalakahle. Kusukela kulezi zimfanelo, ukuzikhethela komuntu, ukuziphatha kwakhe ezimweni eziyinkinga, ikhono lokuzikhukhumeza, ulwazi oluzimele, ukuzithuthukisa ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ngqo.

Okuthakazelisayo ngokukhethekile ukuzethemba, okuphathelene nesimo sengqondo ngokwabo, amakhono abo namakhono abo, izimfanelo zokuziphatha.

Umuntu onokuzihlonipha ngokweqile, uzibheka njengomuntu ophakeme ngokwengqondo kwabanye, kuyilapho empeleni amakhono akhe aphansi kakhulu futhi akwanele ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima.

• Izimfanelo zomphakathi nezengqondo zomuntu ziphakamisa ukulungela komuntu ukuhlola isimo samanje, ikhono lokuseka ngokomzwelo, nokuvuma ubudlelwane nabanye abantu.

Isiphetho

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izilawuli zangaphakathi (ezizimele) nezingaphandle (ezihlose) azikho eceleni komunye nomunye, phakathi kwabo ubudlelwane be-dielectric bucatshangwa. Njengoba kunikezwe isimiso sokunquma, esakhiwe yi-SL Rubinstein, abalawuli bangase babe umthombo wezimbangela zangaphandle eziye zaphazamiseka ngezimo zangaphakathi.

Izilawuli zangaphandle zivela engxenyeni yangaphandle yezimbangela zokuziphatha komphakathi kwanoma yimuphi umuntu, ngenxa yezilawuli zangaphakathi, isenzo sezinqumo ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle kwenzeka. Inqubo yengqondo yokuthuthukiswa kwezimfanelo zokuziphatha, ukuqonda, ukuziphatha, ukuhlelwa kabusha, ukugqugquzelwa kwesimiso sezinzwa, ikhono lokwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwesibalo sabaqondisi bangaphakathi nabangaphandle. Ikhwalithi yobuhlobo babo inquma izici zesimo sengqondo somuntu.