Izici yenqubo lobugebengu. Izihloko yenqubo lobugebengu. A inqubo ekhethekile ukuze kuhlolwe icala lobugebengu liye enkantolo

Ngo inqubo lobugebengu inezici ayo ethize. Kuphela ngale Isivivinyo abe umsolwa, ummeli wommangalelwa, isisulu, umshushisi kanye neziphathimandla liphenya, kuhileleke nezinye izinkinga okuyinto ekuvezweni isenzo. Izici kokuthethwa kwecala zisengaphansi yokuthi ummangalelwa ungacela inkantolo ukuba sihlole icala lakhe ngendlela ethile, noma amajaji. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana konke lokhu okulotshwe kule athikili.

Lokho Okufanele Ukwazi

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inqubo lobugebengu iqala okwamanje lapho yangaphakathi izindaba iziphathimandla wathola isicelo noma umlayezo mayelana ubugebengu ephelele. Uma ulwazi kuqinisekisiwe, izikhulu komthetho aphenya icala futhi ubelethe izenzo zabo nazo ubugebengu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi kulesi sigaba zonke kanye imikhawulo, ikakhulu lapho kuphakama lapho iphutha womuntu is hhayi ukuqinisekisile.

Izici esikhethekile zobulelesi akunakubangelwa futhi yokuthi ngemva kokwethula isakhamuzi icala, ungacela inkantolo ukuqula leli cala ngendlela ethile, noma amajaji. Ngakho umhlaseli Kusolakala sivezwe ilungelo kuvikeleke izidingo zakhe.

Kanye umlandu udluliselwa ekhotho, idethi ukuzwa ke kukhona olunye futhi uvivinyo. Zona isigwebo, okuyinto ngekufaka sicelo ngokumelene ngaphakathi kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi. Emva isinqumo senkantolo kuziwa phakathi force, kuba abulawe yayo.

obalulekile

Umthombo oyinhloko imithetho sokunquma isijeziso izenzo zabo, iyona Criminal Code. Ngakho, uma umuntu ephula umthetho, futhi ngenxa yalokho, beqe imingcele, kuyobe kakade kube omunye yezihloko inqubo lobugebengu. Ngaphandle kwakhe, kukhona nabanye abakhona:

• lo mseshi, lo mseshi, ihhovisi lomshushisi, inkantolo;
• umhlaseli nezinsolo futhi welungelo ummeli lohlaselwayo (okokugcina eqashwe izisulu ngokwabo).

Zonke izifundo wobulungisa ihlanganisa isenzo ekhubazekile. Ngakho-ke, esinye isici yenqubo lobugebengu yilona khona noma ukungabi khona isixhumanisi esiyimbangela phakathi ngesenzo umhlaseli kusolwa.

Ukucutshungulwa egcekeni

Ngemva kwangaphambilini emizimbeni uphenyo ukuqedela umsebenzi wabo on ukuqoqwa ubufakazi, umlandu udluliselwa umshushisi. Khona-ke, zonke izinto kanye icala ithunyelwa igunya zokwahlulela. Ngemva kwalokho, isiphetho ummangalelwa isivele ezandleni ubulungiswa.

Kuleso simo, uma umuntu encenga icala, lapho ungacela igunya ubambela umhlangano ngendlela ekhethekile, isb. E., Ngaphandle ukuhlola ubufakazi, niqaphele ukuzivikela ufakazi izingxoxo. Ngokuvamile, kuthatha isikhathi esincane. I engavamile yenqubo lobugebengu kubonakala yokuthi isakhamuzi, owavuma nge umshushisi wavuma icala lakhe, uzothola isigwebo esincane.

amajaji

Citizen osolwa lokwenza ubugebengu esinzulu unelungelo ukucela umangalelwa nofana umangali walala amajaji. Phela, lesimbi nezinsolo bayaqiniseka ukuthi amajaji uzoqoka isigwebo esithe ukuba lula noma ukukhululwa kuzokwenza (uma umuntu ayitholakali icala).

Icala ekubeni necala lobugebengu Kunenkolelo iqhaza jurors nambili. Nokho, usihlalo uba yisisebenzi zochwepheshe uhulumeni. Ngakho kudingeka ngokomthetho.

Icala ekubeni necala lobugebengu ngo amajaji Zikhona: kumshushisi womphakathi, isisulu futhi wasemuva we nezinsolo umhlaseli sika. Ngemva kokuphothulwa niqaphele ukuzivikela, jurors ethunyelwe egumbini imfihlo yokwenza isinqumo. Uma sinqumo kuyinto ukuthethwa yicala, umuntu ededelwa ekuvalelweni kwesokudla enkantolo.

umuntu

Kulokhu sikhuluma izikhonzi inqubo lobugebengu, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kwenzeke ukuba bazihlole futhi ukudalula ubugebengu. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• abomthetho nezikhulu, okwathi ngaphansi amandla abo futhi okusebenza ehilelekile ukudalula kanye ukuphenywa kokuphulwa ubugebengu (abaphenyi, abaphenyi, bashushisi, izinkantolo);
• Umsolwa - indoda okungenzeka kusolakala ubugebengu;
• ummangalelwa - uba isakhamuzi ngemva umphenyi wamyala esebekwa amacala ngokusemthethweni;
• isisulu - umuntu oye wahlupheka umonakalo futhi umonakalo ubugebengu;
• umvikeli ebusweni okungukuthi kusolakala icala;
• otolika, ofakazi futhi ochwepheshe phakathi abahlanganyeli main kule nqubo, ngoba kuphela ukusiza ukusebenzisa uphenyo;
• Ummangali civil - umuntu oye wahlupheka umonakalo ngenxa ikhomishana ubugebengu umuntu; It unelungelo ukufaka icala ngaphakathi ngokuziphatha zobulelesi;
• abameleli zezomthetho Isisulu noma umhlaseli - abantu abaseduze (umama, umfowethu, uyise, usisi), futhi bawenze.

Ngakho, izikhonzi zobulelesi - konke abantu abahlanganyela nosizo uphenyo icala. Kodwa umsebenzi oyinhloko athweswe kwesihlalo sokwahlulela, ngokushesha nje lapho enquma sisole indoda ukuba ubugebengu noma cha.

isivumelwano yangasese

Kuleso simo, uma umuntu uyavuma ngokugcwele wecala lakhe bugebengu, angacela inkantolo ubambela umhlangano ngendlela ekhethekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi emhlanganweni ngeke ngokuthi zaxoxa ofakazi, kanye ahlale ubufakazi nhlobo eziqoqiwe. Nokho, inqubo ekhethekile ukuze kuhlolwe icala lobugebengu liye enkantolo kungenzeka kuphela uma:

• kwemvume umhlaseli nezinsolo, isisulu isigwebo enkantolo lomshushisi ngaphandle kokuqhuba kwecala;
• uma isigwebo isihloko for the ubugebengu eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi todvwa emphakathini;
• ummangalelwa has a Ukuqonda ngokucacile zonke imiphumela lesi sinqumo;
• kukhona ubufakazi obuthile bokuthi umuntu ukuhileleka ebugebengwini kanye abanecala lokhu;
• asikho isizathu ukuvala ekuqhutshweni.

inqubo enjalo lula ukuba kulalelwe ukulondoloza Abasebenzi bekhotho isikhathi, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze umuntu isifundo yezinye, amacala ezibaluleke kakhudlwana futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye uHulumeni anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwemali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsolwa kuleli cala uzothola igama elithi emfushane ngenxa yalesi senzo. Nokho, inqubo ekhethekile ukuze kuhlolwe icala lobugebengu liye enkantolo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa esimweni nayikuthi isiphathiswa esingameleko ine ukuthi kuncane njengoba icala umuntu.

Ukuvikelwa

Ummeli eenkambisweni zobulelesi unendima ekhethekile. It is kahle saveza ukuvikela amacebo ummangalelwa ukuvumela ummeli professional akuyona kuphela ukwehlisa isigwebo saso, kodwa akhulule ngokuphelele iklayenti ejele. Ngakho-ke, u-Advocate Ukuzikhethela kufanele wasondela umthwalo omkhulu wemfanelo. Ningabeki ithemba lenu yakho wasemuva umphakathi ekuphileni, ngoba akanandaba yokuthi ummangalelwa utholwe futhi wadedelwa esijezisweni. Kungcono ukuqasha nommeli ngokwakho, ngemuva kokuxhumana kulabo bantu vele kuye ukuze bathole usizo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umbono iklayenti futhi iseluleko washintsha, kubalulekile ukunikeza amasevisi yakhe. Ngemva iqhaza Isivivinyo ummeli isigebengu ngeke ukuqiniseka ubumsulwa ikhasimende lakhe, kuyinto isiqinisekiso ezithile icala senkantolo Procedure Act.

umusho

Cishe zonke komlandu wobulelesi iphela inkantolo ayakuphuma isenzo zenqubo maqondana umhlaseli okucatshangelwayo. Isigwebo kungaba siza noma icala. It kuxhomeke endleleni inkantolo enquma. Nokho, inselele isenzo nenqubo, amaqembu babe inkathi yesikhathi esithile. Ngokuvamile kuba izinsuku eziyishumi.

Isinqumo kuleli zobulelesi, kuyoqala ukusebenza ngokushesha emva lingena phakathi force. Uma umuntu olahlwe yicala kwaba ejele owandulela ukuqulwa kwecala phakathi ukuziphatha uphenyo, le nkathi okufanele babalwe isigwebo sakhe.

Ngemva ukungena force of ukukhululwa Procedure Act, umuntu unelungelo lokuthola nokuvuselelwa egcwele.

Amandla eenkambisweni zobulelesi

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umuntu oboshelwe, ummeli wakhe ozama ukuba uphikise isinqumo esithathiwe ngokungafanele enkantolo ephakeme. Ngakho, isenzo zenqubo kungathatha izimo ezimbalwa. Esimweni lapho wesifunda noma enkantolo yesifunda kwesokunxele isikhalazo, ukwahlulela kuziwa phakathi force ngokushesha. Khona-ke ingase isenzo zenqubo ukuvusela kuphela isicelo Ukubuyekeza asimeme. Phela, abantu abaningi kangaka abaye enecala ngokungemthetho, azuzwe ukulungisiswa aso agcwele kanye nokuvuselelwa okwalandela. Kodwa umkhuba, manje ezingavamile kakhulu.

Nokho, eenkambisweni zobulelesi ngezinye izikhathi kokubukeza icala uma izimo ezintsha kubonakale ukuthi kwenzeka ngayo. Phela, impilo noma yini engase yenzeke. Ngakho-ke, ngokuletha icala Isivivinyo isigwebo enkantolo akusho ukuphela ephelele ukukhiqizwa. Ikakhulukazi, uma umuntu olahlwe yicala akusho azibheke icala futhi ufuna ukufeza nokuvuselelwa egcwele.