Iyini inkinga eyinhloko lokukhanda izinto?

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa isayensi odlale iqhaza eliphambili namanje eyadlalwa classical Mechanics noma Mechanics of Newton. Esikhathini kohlaka kuvumelana incazelo isethi imihlola ngokomzimba futhi icubungula ezenzeka ezindaweni eliwumhlaba futhi ezisemkhathini. Abaningi yezindlela ocwaningweni olwalwenziwe Kumiswa ku isisekelo salo. Ingqikithi izwe akubheka mechanistic, alawula isayensi cishe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kuziwa incazelo izinqubo zemvelo motion kanye nokuxhumana zemizimba nezinhlayiyana. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana Mechanics - isayensi ukunyakaza emizimbeni.

Umqondo Newton, Einstein kafushane uzwakalise, wathi: ngokoqobo ngokomzimba kunqunywa izici isikhathi, isikhala, amandla iphuzu impahla, okusho ukusabela amaphuzu impahla ... Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko Mechanics, kunciphisa ekutadisheni izenzakalo ngokomzimba, okubhekisele ukunyakaza kanye nokuxhumana e amaphuzu isikhala impahla, kwenzekani kwi Imithetho engaguquki.

Ngo yesimanje incazelo kwenkululeko Mechanics classical - nokuxhumana ezinesibopho esingagcwele ukunyakaza kuqhathaniswa kancane (ngaphansi wande ijubane lokukhanya). Imiqondo "classical" isikhala, isikhathi, amandla, mass, nokunye. N. Wahlala azizange zishintshe, imithetho eyisisekelo Mechanics avumelekile futhi ngeke kuze kukhona isayensi kunqatshelwe.

Masikhumbule nemiqondo eyisisekelo Mechanics. Lokhu ukuhamba mechanical - okubizwa ngokuthi ushintsho isikhundla isihlobo umzimba ukuba ezinye izidumbu space kanye nesikhathi (isibonelo i-traffic, njengesikhathi sewashi, umzimba yasezulwini engqamuzaneni), ukunyakaza isihlobo - umzimba ihamba isihlobo emzimbeni munye futhi isihlobo ingalungiswa kuya komunye . Isibonelo - umshayeli imoto ihamba ngokuhlobene abahamba ngezinyawo futhi isihlobo umile ukuze uzimele umshini. Ngakho-ke, kukhona nomqondo inkomba umzimba - umzimba okuthiwa, lapho kukhona ukunyakaza.

I Ukudidiyela uhlelo inquma indawo emzimbeni noma iphuzu emkhathini. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela singenzeka ngakujantshi niqonde indiza noma emkhathini. Ngakho washintsha eyodwa, ababili noma abathathu izixhumanisi zayo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko Mechanics kunciphisa ukuba ekutholeni izixhumanisi umzimba ethile (ikhona) isikhathi. Ngakho ngaphansi waqonda Ukudidiyela ibanga ukusuka inkomba iphuzu eksisi abafanele. Futhi, sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukunyakaza senzeka ngesikhathi esithile isikhawu, t. E isikhathi futhi elinye lamanani kokuqala.

Ngakho, uhlelo inkomba lapho uyayixazulula inkinga eyinhloko Mechanics, futhi kufika Ukudidiyela uhlelo lwewashi. Noma iliphi iqembu ingekho ngokwalo, kodwa mayelana abakhethiwe inkomba uzimele. Ukwazi indlela umzimba Ukudidiyela ngesikhathi, singathola indawo emzimbeni (amaphuzu) nganoma isiphi isikhathi ofuna ukuba.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Mechanics Kanjalo sehliselwe ukuzimisela kwesikhundla komzimba (izixhumanisi zayo) nganoma isiphi isikhathi oyifunayo ngesikhathi kithi.

umzimba ngamunye unamahlangothi yayo eqondile. Lapho ukuphokophela phambili zonke izinto ezinwabuzelayo trajectory efanayo, futhi asikho isidingo ukuchaza motion wonke amaphuzu. Sazi kanjani ukucacisa izixhumanisi zayo? Ezimweni ezithile (uma izilinganiso umzimba ngokuphindaphindiwe uhambo ibanga ngaphansi) lingakanani kungenziwa benganakiwe futhi uthathwa njengoba iphuzu kulomzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, iplanethi yethu ingase bokutholwa iphuzu impahla lapho Umhlaba ihamba ngaphakathi wo orbit. Ekuhloleni izinqubo ezenzeka e surface eMhlabeni, ngeke kubhekwe enjalo. E. Ngo Mechanics, iphuzu impahla ehloselwe izilinganiso umzimba okungase dengwane.

Indlela - kuyinto ibanga ngephuzu behamba endleleni. Moving - Vector (ingxenye iqondiswe) yokuxhuma isikhundla umzimba amabili, ukuqala nokuphela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhamba akuyona njalo ngokuqhubekayo. Uma izingxenye zomzimba ukuhambisa e trajectories ezahlukene, uthathe leso sinyathelo kungabhekwa njengokuvikela umjikelezo mayelana-eksisi ethile. Noma iliphi iqembu mechanical sebuningini Translational futhi ukunyakaza ukujikeleza.