Isithonjana "Ukuvuswa Kristu": incazelo, ukubaluleka, isithombe

Wumgomo eziyisisekelo zokholo lobuKristu ukuvuswa LikaKristu UMsindisi ngosuku lwesithathu ngemva kokufa esiphambanweni. Easter iholide ubhekwa central ukugubha yesonto kwendilinga yonyaka. Imfanelo EsiZulwini asinayo yanoma yimuphi umcimbi, iSonto okhazinyulisiwe, kuyinto umfanekiso waso olunothile. Ngamandla yokunyathelisa, isithonjana "Uvuko kaKristu" esikhathini sethu ingenye ezivame kakhulu. Nokho, ukubukeka isithombe manje ethandwa kwakuhambisana nezinga eliphansi omude hymnography futhi lokusungula bagomele yoFata beSonto. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo ukwakheka kwendaba enhle akuyona kuphela ukugcwaliswa kokwakhiwa izibalo amaningi, kodwa futhi yokuthi incazelo lomcimbi ngaphandle abavangeli. Ehlukile akukwazi: abafundi abaphostoli babekhona futhi kakhulu isimangaliso akaqondakali ukuthi umqondo womuntu. Isithombe Wovuko kubhekwa neizobrazimym, ngakho lo mdwebo ezibonisa izenzakalo ngqo ephathelene nayo. Izinga le-Inkonzo Ioanna Zlatousta has ngala mazwi: "ethuneni yenyama, esihogweni kanye umphefumulo njengoba uNkulunkulu, lolipharadisi isela." Umbhalo ngezinga elithile lichaza izenzakalo eziholela ovukweni. Baye zangishiya kanye imibhalo ye-Apocrypha.

Izithombe lokuqala

izithombe Picturesque phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amathathu okuqala ayengelona engokomfanekiso futhi ongokomfanekiso. On the nascent Isonto art isigxivizo eziphoqelelwe noshushiso olunzima ngu amaqaba. Kulezi zimo, kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela kusukela desecration. Lo mcimbi obaluleke kakhulu of the Christian Church yayimelelwe ngesimo iTestamente Elidala hlobo. Okuvame kakhulu kwaba umfanekiso umprofethi uJona esesiswini uLeviyathani. Njengoba nje uJona ayesesiswini izinsuku ezintathu esiswini Umkhomo, bese waphonswa naphambili engena ekukhanyeni, futhi Kristu kwaba izinsuku ezintathu esethuneni, futhi avuswe kwabafileyo. Lo mcimbi lugujwa Easter amaculo.

izinhlobo iconographic

Okwamanje lovuko yenyama akunakwenzeka ukumela ngoba ingqondo babantu abakwazi ngisho nokuhlela kwakuthiwa nale nqubo, kulapho ukuyibeka imidwebo. Ngo iconography yobuKristu, kukhona inani elilinganiselwe storylines, kuhlanganisa kwabathembekile nangobukhulu mcimbi. Image of zakudala nomsuka Orthodox kwegama akuyona isithonjana "Uvuko" futhi "The Descent of LikaKristu UMsindisi esihogweni." Isiko Western ulilethele ukusetshenziswa ezimbili yesonto ngaphezulu ukwazi ecacile kumuntu ovamile e emgwaqweni manje isithombe esihle: "UKristu + empeleni lakhuphuka kusukela ithuna," nangokuthi "Lo mkhuba le wavuka noMsindisi imure-zikhundla." Abantu bakholelwa izinto kule indaba ephathwayo eziyisisekelo, isibonelo, isithonjana 'Uvuko ngamaholide. "

Eqinisweni esiyingqayizivele

Konke okwenziwayo ebandleni kumelwe agunyazwe sisekelo futhi abakuchilizela kuthethelelwe. imfundiso zemfundiso yenkolo isonto Modern uqhathaniswa ufudu, esesikhundleni zempi eziqinile ukuze sithole isivikelo. Lokhu wazakhela carapace ngokumelene esontweni abaningi nezimfundiso zamanga eminyaka. Wawubekela imithetho eqinile kanye nemisebenzi emkhakheni wezobuciko. Isithonjana zonke unhlangothi ibhulashi kufanele kube nengqondo. Kodwa uphawu "Uvuko" kusekelwe akamuhle okukakhenoni imithombo yokwaziswa. Okungukuthi, emibhalweni umthombo V leminyaka, okubizwa ngokuthi yeVangeli likaNikodemu, wawenqaba umqondo lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli Church.

Isithonjana "Ukuvuswa Kristu." Inani

isithombe olungokomfanekiso kusitshela ngezenzakalo ezinkulu futhi engaqondakali. Kuyinto iVangeli UNikodemu mhlawumbe kuphela imithombo umbhalo wesandla wasendulo onayo, iyalandisa okwenzeka Kristu kusukela esikhathini okungcwatshwa ngayo lomngcwabo ngaphambi kuvukela. Kulesi inkhulumomphendvulwano kunalokho-Apocrypha kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe phakathi uSathane nesihogo, futhi okwalandela esehlakalweni. Isihogo, ilindele nciphisa yayo, uyala omoya ongcolile uvalwe "ikhiyiwe izivalo zethusi, insimbi, ukuqunjelwa." Kodwa iNkosi Wezulu kungaphezu esangweni, uhlanganisa uSathane futhi ekhashelwa ngaye emandleni esihogweni, ngawo ukugcina kwakhe ngamaketanga kuze kwesibili. Ngemva kwalokhu, Kristu ubiza bonke nje bamlandele. Ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka dogmatist embethe imibhalo ezingekho ohlwini lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli emfundisweni Orthodox. UMdali akusona isikhathi nesilinganiso ibalulekile kuye onkhe ngendoda eyaphila ngaphambi wokushumayela kaKristu, besikhathi sakhe ophilayo kithi. Umsindisi wehlela esihogweni, owabakhupha esihogweni zonke labo ngakho uthanda. Kodwa ophilayo manje kudingeka bakhethe uzenzele. Isithonjana ikhombisa omnipotence lwethu ngoMdali, ukukhulula izithunjwa esihogweni. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubonakala sengathi wenze ukwahlulela futhi ekugcineni sithole isijeziso esibi nangesikhathi umvuzo waphakadze the ngakhethi.

Umfanekiso Serbian

Ngo sezindela madoda Mileseva (eSerbia) kuyinto ethempelini lasendulo ka kweNyuka kwekhulu XIII. Omunye izithombe Ensemble ephakathi mural Umdwebo isithonjana 'Uvuko Kristu ". On the mural okubonisa ingelosi izingubo nesikhanyayo, okuhambelana incazelo yalezi zenzakalo, le Evangelista Matfeya. isithunywa waseZulwini ehlezi ligingqiwe lasuswa emnyango itshe emhumeni. Emhlabeni lomngcwabo walala yokungcwaba indwangu uMsindisi. Eceleni ingelosi ibekwe owesifazane owayeze lomngcwabo eligcwele ukuthula. Lokhu ezamukela enguqulweni Orthodox isithonjana-ekhethekile ukusabalala ingemukelwa, kodwa Western umdwebo namaqiniso uyawasebenzisa ngokuzithandela. Ngokuthakazelisayo, kulesi simo, umcimbi uvezwa ngaphandle umhlanganyeli zako ezisemqoka -Hrista.

isithombe sidilizwa okukakhenoni

Ngo 1081 ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo emaphethelweni ngokuthi iConstantinople. Ngesikhathi esikhundleni indawo yayo ithole igama LikaKristu UMsindisi Cathedral Fields. NgesiGreki, "emasimini" - ἐν τῃ Χώρᾳ (zu ngoma ti). Ngakho, ibandla futhi sezindela Yakhiwa kamuva futhi kuze kube yilolu suku ubizwa ngokuthi "Chora". Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVI, ingxube entsha ukumboza ingaphakathi Kwahlelwa esontweni. Phakathi esekhona - isithonjana "Ukuvuswa Kristu, yehla Hogo". Ukwakheka okubonisa uMsindisi imi amasango esihogo zidabukile. Kristu lizungezwe halo okwe-alimondi yayithandwa. Ubeke izandla ukhuphuka uvela amathuna Adamu no-Eva. Ngemuva okhokho baso uhlanga lwesintu the ngakhethi zeTestamente Elidala. Lokhu ezamukela enguqulweni luvame kakhulu kule iconography.

Njengoba kuboniswe isithonjana?

Isithombe limelela imfundiso LamaKatolika, obonakaliswe umumo omuhle. Ngokusho imfundiso yesonto, ipharadesi for the ngakhethi sivaliwe kuze ekufeni kwesiphambano koMsindisi nokuvuka kwaKhe ekhazimulayo. Isithonjana Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa izithombe edume kunazo abangcwele ngaphambi kwenkathi Kristu lesintu. Umsindisi imi amasango esihogo embondelene crosswise. ngazo ngezinye izikhathi, kuchazwa amathuluzi nezinzipho likhishiwe. Adamu no-Eva, njengoba umthetho, zitholakala nhlangothi zombili Kristu. Ngemuva matriarchs kukhona Abela, uMose no-Aroni. Kwesobunxele ngoba u-Adamu ngokuthi Ioanna Krestitelya, iNkosi uDavide neNkosi uSolomoni. Izibalo zika-Adamu no-Eva kungenziwa akhiwe ohlangothini olulodwa kaKristu. kungenziwa Ezansi ukwakheka ukuboniswa kanye nezingelosi ethuneni ezicindezelayo imimoya emimbi.

Isithonjana "Ukuvuswa Kristu." incazelo

Isithombe kokuba umsuka Western, akuyona Ukwakheka okuzisholo, futhi namabalazwe olungokomfanekiso izenzakalo ivangeli. Ngokuvamile kuvezwa evulekile womhume-ethuneni, ingelosi uhlezi itshe futhi itholakala eduze sarcophagus engxenyeni engezansi sokuqanjwa amasosha angamaRoma esiwile, yebo, Kristu, enezingubo ezicwebezelayo nesibonakaliso sokuba ukunqoba ukufa ezandleni zakhe. Izibhengezo ibekwe isiphambano esibomvu. Izandla nezinyawo ivezwa izilonda kusuka ezishayelelwe ku inyama ekubethelweni. Nakuba isithonjana "Uvuko" futhi kuthathwa ekhulwini XVII Catholic umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela isiko, kodwa embethe Orthodox amafomu engamukelwa, kuba impela ethandwa phakathi abathembekile. Ayikho incazelo zenkolo ke akudingi.

amaholide amaholide

ONgcwele charter Uvuko Church kubhekwa nje iholidi, kodwa emcimbini okhethekile, okuyinto udumo uyaqhubeka izinsuku ezingamashumi amane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu ukugubha Easter ihlala izinsuku eziyisikhombisa injengosuku lunye. Lesi simo sengqondo sublime amakholwa ukuhlubuka ethuneni koMsindisi sabonakala kwemidwebo engokwenkolo. umugqa Original ukuthuthukiswa isiko kwezobuciko kuyinto isithonjana "Ukuvuswa Kristu, yehla Hogo nge idili elikhulu." Lesi sithombe siqukethe umfanekiso maphakathi izenzakalo main empilweni yebandla, futhi azungezwe izifundo izitembu ngamaholide ezibaluleke kakhulu nambili elihlobene ne ekuphileni kukaKristu kwasemhlabeni kanye Virgin. Phakathi kwalezi amathempelana kukhona amakhophi ngempela esiyingqayizivele. Futhi ukuboniswa nezenzakalo neSonto Elingcwele. Cishe, isithonjana 'Uvuko Kristu namadili Nambili Elikhulu "Liyini - isifinyezo izenzakalo Gospel futhi womjikelezo waminyaka yonke amasevisi. Ngesikhathi izithombe umcimbi bokwehla esihogweni uvezwa imininingwane eminingi. Ukwakheka kufaka sibalo ulungile, yezinhlamvu uKristu kuletha esihogweni.

Isithonjana etafuleni

Maphakathi ithempeli esisekelweni nge ibhodi enalokho kuthambekela, ngokuthi etafuleni. Kukholakala isithombe njengomuntu olungile noma iholide, okuyinto enikelwe isevisi kosuku. Isithonjana elithi "uvuko" etafuleni ngokuvamile: kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amane Easter futhi ekupheleni isonto ngalinye. Phela, igama ngosuku livela Christian, ngosuku lokugcina lweviki enikelwe ukukhazinyuliswa ukunqoba kaKristu ahlale phezu ukufa.

Amathempeli evelele kunazo zonke yokudumisa Uvuko

Omunye amasonto enkulu Russian uNgcwele Uvuko Cathedral eJerusalema Elisha Monastery, elakhiwa ngo-1694. Nale ukwakhiwa , uMphathi Nikon wafuna nokuzala iSonto Uvuko in the City Holy futhi ukugcizelela isikhundla esivelele Russian Church emhlabeni Orthodox. Kuze kube yimanje, eMoscow amapulani kanye imodeli iJerusalema shrine athathwa. Esinye, nakuba kancane wokuvelela, kodwa hhayi wawungaphansi monumentality iSonto koMsindisi eBlood elichithwayo Petersburg.

Ukwakhiwa kwawo kwaqala ngo-1883 kukhunjulwa kokubulawa uMbusi u-Alexander II. Ohlukile lesi lombhishobhi e ukuthi umhlobiso yangaphakathi wenziwe wamatshana. iqoqo KaMose - okungenye yezinkundla ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Kuyinto eyingqayizivele nekhwalithi yekusebenta. Ngezinsuku bright libalele, enhlobonhlobo amathayili emibalabala ukudala umuzwa eyingqayizivele celebration nokubamba iqhaza emhlabeni engokomoya. Ethempelini kukhona isithombe enhle ngokubabazekayo. Ngaphandle, omunye portal emnyango, futhi izindlu isithonjana 'Uvuko Kristu ". Ama ifotho, yebo, awakwazi ukuveza ukugcwala emizweni, kodwa kudala isithombe esiphelele ubukhazikhazi umhlobiso.