Isipinashi: Ukulima kanye nezimfanelo eziwusizo

Isipinashi yisitshalo esivela emndenini we-mare, isihlobo se-swans. Esimweni sokuqala kwavela e-Iran. Ekhulwini le-16, isipinashi sase saziwa kakade eYurophu, futhi ngekhulu le-19 lasakazeka eRussia. Namuhla ikhulile yonke indawo, kodwa ngobuncane.

Isipinashi yisiko elithembisayo, eliwusizo ngokungavamile futhi elifanele ukudla okunomsoco. Iqukethe insimbi eningi ne-calcium. I-Carotene ngesipinashi ingaphezulu kunezinqathe, futhi ngokugcina okubandayo, inani layo liphuma. Futhi, isipinashi sinothile iodini, iqukethe yonke into eyinkimbinkimbi yamavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwesipinashi kuboniswa ezifweni ezihambisana nokuntuleka kwe-iodine. Isipinashi siyasiza kakhulu egazini, ngoba iningi le-chlorophyll. Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kokushisa, i-chlorophyll iguqulwa ibe yi-pheophytin, into evelele ekubunjweni ku-hemoglobin yegazi. I-pheophytin enikeza isipinashi esilisiwe njengomhubhe obala. Ngokusho kwedatha eyodwa, kukhona ambalwa ama-acids esipinashi, ngakho kufanelekile ngezifo zesisu. Futhi nakuba iqukethe i-ascorbic, i-folic, i-apula, i-lemon, i-oxalic nezinye i-acids, kodwa ngokulingana okuncane, ngakho impilo ayiyona isithiyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, icebile nge-potassium, ngakho-ke kuyasiza kakhulu enhliziyweni. Isipinashi sihlanza kahle amathumbu, sishukumisa ukugaya futhi sikhuthaze ukulahlekelwa isisindo.

Ukusebenzisa amaqabunga esipinashi, ukudla okusha noma emva kokushisa. Khipha lapho isitshalo sinamaqabunga ama-5-6, kodwa kuyadingeka kuze kube khona ukubonakala komcibisholo wembali, ngoba emva kwalokho amaqabunga angenakutholakala. Isizathu sokuntuleka kokuthandwa kwesipinashi ukuthi akusho ukunambitheka kwayo okuhlukile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukupheka izitsha ezihlukahlukeneko. Nge isipinashi, ungenza i-omelet enhle kakhulu, isobho, ungayifaka ku-pizza, ama-pie, ugcoke ...

Lesi sitshalo singabandeki, imbewu ihlume kahle kakhulu ekushiseni kwama-4-5 degrees. Isibonelo esakhula (lapho kukhishwa umkhiqizo) kungamelana nokushisa kwe--10-15 (ngaphansi kweqhwa kuze kufike ku -20). Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuba uhlwanyele ngaphansi kwebusika ukuze uthole intwasahlobo yasheshe isipinashi esincane. Ukuhlakulela kwalesi siko akuyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa kunezici ezithile.

Indlela yokutshala isipinashi? Kudingeka ukwazi ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokusitshalaliswa kwalesi sitshalo liyi-15-18, endaweni yokushisa ephakeme ngokushesha. Spring kanye ekwindla yisikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokukhula isipinashi. Ukulima kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuqhubeka ukuhlwanyela kuze kufike ehlobo, sinethemba lokuthi isikhathi sokuhluma isipinashi sokuvuna siyizinsuku ezingu-30-40 (kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene). Izithombo ezikhulayo, futhi, ungathola isivuno sokuqala. Hlwanyela ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukuqala lapho izinga lokushisa liwela ngezansi +23. Inhlabathi idinga izithelo ezivundiwe kahle. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi wonke umquba uqaliswe ngaphansi kwezitshalo zangaphambilini, noma ekwindla. Ukutshala ngokuqondile kwamakhomikhali e- phosphate-potassium kubangela ukukhanya kokuqala.

Isipinashi singadliwa ngamaminerali we-mineral nitrogen, kodwa ngokulinganisela, ngoba ingakwazi ukuqongelela i-nitrate (njengazo zonke izitshalo eziluhlaza). Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Organic (slurry, droppings bird) akuyona into engathandeki, kuyonakalisa ukunambitheka. Ubuningi be-asidi bomhlaba kumele bungabi hlangothi, buthakathaka buthakathaka noma buketshezi obuncane, kuphela-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule isipinashi esihle. Ukulima kwalesi siko emhlabathini onobuthi noma o-alkali akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele. Faka isipinashi kancane, kodwa ngokulinganayo, ugweme ukuma. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugubha umhlabathi phakathi kwezitshalo. Isipinashi sidinga ukwakha izimo ezihle kakhulu, noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka (ukugeleza okungalingani, izinguquko zokushisa, ukungabi nalutho noma ngokweqile kwezakhi kanye nokushisa ikakhulukazi) kubangela ukuba kukhishwe umcibisholo.

Ukufika

Isipinashi sihlwanyelwa emigqeni, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-15-20 cm, ukujula kwe-1-2 cm. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, aphume kancane ukuze ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo libe ngu-5-7 cm. Lapho isipinashi sakha amaqabunga 3-4, iphinda ihlungwe (Izitshalo ezixotshiwe zisetshenziselwa ukudla) zisuka ibanga lika-15 cm. Ungakwazi "ukuhlanganisa" imibhede nge isipinashi nezinye, izitshalo zokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni, isibonelo, neklabishi. Lokhu kuzosindisa isikhala nokwandisa isivuno. Ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwesivuno esikhulu, uzobe usuqoqa isipinashi. I-sipinashi ekhulayo ingenzeka efulethini (kwi-sill iwindi noma i-balcony).