Isikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" eNovgorod

Njengoba kufakazelwa irekhodi, ukuphatha Rus ka Novgorod nomakhelwane babo Umenyiwe amaViking. It Rurik e 862, waba inhloko le ubukhulu Novgorod. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwamiswa isimo Russian.

umlando Russian lethusi

Holiday "Millenium Russia", kwanqunywa ukugubha ngendlela enkulu. UMbusi u-Alexander II wafuna immortalize izenzo ezibabazekayo Russian isikhulu isakhiwo omkhulukazi, nakuba umbono kwakungekaNkulunkulu inhloko yabangamashumi Wezangaphakathi Lansky. Millennium Russia Ngangimbheka njengomuntu okumelwe uphawu ku bas-imifanekiso nezithombe ababusi abaqavile futhi Amaqhawe lawobaba, abenze okuningi ngokuchuma. Nokho, Akulona ihaba ukuthi lesikhumbuzo - eka bonke abantu.

Amalungiselelo ekugubheni esinjalo usuku olubalulekile njengoba Millennium eRussia lezwakala obuphelele. Ngemva uhulumeni yavuma ukuba kwakhiwe lesikhumbuzo waqala ukuqoqa iminikelo.

Kwanqunywa ukumisa isikhumbuzo eNovgorod. Millennium Russia kwakuzomelela kulo muzi.

Kungani Novgorod

Umuzi emfuleni Volkhov wakhethwa njengosuku isayithi ukwakhiwa lesikhumbuzo anikezelwe ukugujwa Millennium Russia, akusiyo ngephutha. Ngiphakathi Belokamennaya noma Northern dolobha kule indima akaphenduli. Kungani Novgorod? Isikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" bekumele avele edolobheni, okuyinto ilawulwa Ruric. Kukulo muzi lapho isimo Russian wazalwa, nokuthi izwe Novgorod kubhekwa "iwumthombo umbuso lonke." Lokhu wakhumbuza u-Alexander II, ubani abakhuluma nge ukubingelela wentokozo nalabo abamele izikhulu Novgorod.

iminikelo yomphakathi

Phakathi kuka-1857 kuya 1862 lapho kwakhiwa lesikhumbuzo sebuqoqiwe mayelana 150 000 ruble. Kodwa-ke kwaba sobala ukuthi lesikhumbuzo imali "Millenium Russia" akusho ukwakha, bese uhulumeni kuleminyaka emibili eminyaka kwisabelomali eyengeziwe 350 000 ukuze afeze le phrojekthi.

ukuqeqeshwa

Entwasahlobo ka-1859 kwathiwa okuqalwe umncintiswano lapho abahlanganyeli Ungahambisa emfushane yabo lesikhumbuzo.

Isikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" esethulwa emihlanganweni ezahlukeneyo ayisihlanu nantathu. Ekugcineni ukukhetha samiswa umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa umqophi Mikeshina. Mikhail Osipovich wayala ukwenza uhlu izibalo enkulu waseRussia, inkumbulo okuzokwenziwa immortalized lesikhumbuzo.

uhlu

uhlu Isihloko amagama we lawobaba Heroes, owawungumnyaka ukugubha lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" eNovgorod, kwaba debatable. Duzane impikiswano yakhe lwavutha, okuholela uhlu ababusi omkhulu futhi alwa yezwe ngokuphindaphindiwe benze ukulungisa. Ezinye izikhulu bangabaza ukuthi le perpetuation izibalo uyakufanelekela ezifana Mikhail Kutuzov, UGavrilă Derzhavin, Mikhail Lermontov, Vasily Zhukovsky. Ohlwini kwanezelwa, kodwa kamuva isusiwe Fyodor Ushakov Alexey Koltsov Nikolay Gogol. Candidacy of Ivan le Kubi inqatshelwe ngaphandle ingxoxo okuningi, njengoba ekhulwini XIX lalibhekwa engumashiqela futhi umashiqela.

Itshe lokuqala lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" eNovgorod sabekwa ngo-May 28, 1861 ku ensimini ezibiyele wendawo.

uqimba phezulu

Yiqiniso, wonke ngenxa yobukhulu yesiteleka ubuhle lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia". Veliky Novgorod evakashela ngonyaka izinkulungwane zezivakashi nje ukubona lokhu lesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele. Kuhlanganisa namanye amaqembu amaningana ngethusi. Izibalo ezimbili simelelani ibhola eliphezulu zonke wobaba: owesifazane bembethe Russian imvunulo yesizwe, ukuguqa ubambe ijazi isimo izingalo. Eduze kukhona ingelosi esiphambanweni ezandleni zakhe, okuyinto uwukubonakaliswa yenkolelo. Phansi le qembu endishini enkulu. Limele autocracy.

uqimba maphakathi

I Ingcenye ephakathi yesigaba lesikhumbuzo kuyinto amaqembu ayisithupha sculptural wazenza ngethusi. Ziyakwazi bubhalwe mlando eziyisithupha emlandweni Russia.

On ohlangothini lokunene isihlanganisi sibona ukuphakama kwakhe okugcwele kwesikhulu wokuqala Russian - Rurik, okuyinto ihlobisa emahlombe ngesikhumba sesilwane. Esandleni sakhe sobunxele uphethe umbusi inkemba, futhi ilungelo - i isihlangu acute-angled.

Ohlangothini kwesokudla Rurik kuwufanele Grand Prince of Kievskiy uVladimir Svyatoslavovich, esandleni sakhe sokunene ukuthi - esiphambanweni, kwesokunxele - incwadi. UVladimir iyona kwesokudla owesifazane oletha ingane ukuba abhapathizwe, futhi ohlangothini lwesobunxele kwesikhulu indoda Ufaka umfanekiso ephukile ye yobuqaba unkulunkulu Perun. Lokusho kutsi licembu ibhekisela enkathini lapho Rus wabhapathizwa.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe lesikhumbuzo uyisihluthulelo ngokubabazekayo Prince Dmitry Donskoy, ubani egqoke zempi yeqhawe - nangesigqoko nezikhali. Unyawo uhlezi phezu isikhulu wahlasela Tartar isandla sakhe sobunxele wachaza ukuthi uqhuba horsetail, futhi ilungelo - ilulwane.

Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli lesikhumbuzo kukhona izibalo ezinhlanu amelela ukunqoba phezu izitha yezwe esikhathini kumiswa isimo eyodwa. Maphakathi ungabona sibalo Prince Ivan III.

Ngo engxenyeni esentshonalanga lesikhumbuzo emelelwa ababusi namaqhawe abaye benza konke okusemandleni ukuze ukubhubhisa abahlaseli basePoland ukubuyisela ubunye umyalo eRussia. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto bavezwa izibalo Dmitriya Pozharskogo futhi Kozma Minin.

Engxenyeni esenyakatho ye uqimba phakathi uvezwa kuKesari Petr Veliky ngokunsomi futhi iyintonga esandleni sakhe. sibalo sakhe ngamakhasimende phambili, ezinyaweni inkosi kuyinto Swede izingqwembe zidabukile.

uqimba aphansi

Esikhathini uqimba engezansi zonke zomlando izibalo umqophi izigaba ezine: "Abantu zomphakathi", "abalobi nabaculi", "I Ukukhanyiselwa", ". Amadoda Military namaqhawe"

izinhlamvu engeziwe ungabahlukanisa Marfu Boretskuyu, owawungumnyaka umfelokazi Novgorod imeya. Ezinyaweni Umfazi noMarta-likahulumeni siphukile inhlangano insimbi - uphawu ukulahlekelwa ngokuzijamela Novgorod Republic.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo usindile kulandela 1917

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngemva Okthoba Revolution, amaBolshevik akababhubhisanga lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" eNovgorod, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi nabezindaba Soviet babembheka 'kwezombangazwe kwezobuciko okuhlaselayo. "

Wasindiswa umkhankaso anti-zenkolo, lapho wonke amandla abasebenzi bahulumeni igxile kuphangwa besifunda-bhishobhi Novgorod. Nokho, ngesikhathi ukugubha amaholide Communist lesikhumbuzo embozwe ipulangwe.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo lingabulewe phakathi neMpi Yezwe II

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, lapho amaJalimane ashaqe Novgorod, omunye ojenene German wayefuna ukwenza lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" kusukela onakala pi. Nokho, isitha awuzange imiselwe ukuza zangempela: ahlukanisa lesikhumbuzo kungaba nengxenye kuphela, ngemva kwalokho edolobheni yakhululwa.