Isifingqo "ngqondongqondo ubudala" Leskov. isebenza Leskov

Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-nesishiyagalolunye eRussia sebeqala ukwakha abantu abangekho ziyahlanya othandweni ezweni labo, ukukholelwa kwabantu, smart futhi abanamakhono, besekela inkululeko kuzo zonke zako, baphikiswa umqondo ndoda omncane.

Omunye zabuna, ezithinta izindikimba ezijulile iba Leskov.

"Ngqondongqondo Old", ukuhlaziywa okuyinto wembula anencazelo ejulile umsebenzi kuka kungase kubonakale efika kuqala, Kugxilisa umfundi nge ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Kafushane mayelana kumbhali

Umsebenzi wobuciko Leskov "Genius Old" ingenye okudaliwe yimpumelelo kakhulu umbhali.

Nikolay Semenovich Leskov - omunye abalobi abantu waseRussia kakhulu. He qamba izindaba nasezincwadini ziye ngekusasa zabantu abavamile. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuthola umsebenzi wakhe amanga noma ubuzenzisi, ngoba wabhala ukuthi wayeqaphela kahle. Ngokuthakazelisayo, wavumelana wabhala uhlobo, engesiyo ejwayelekile kakhulu izincwadi Russian - uKhisimusi. Umbhali akakholelwa esontweni, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwakuwukubonana yakhe uLeo Tolstoy. Wadelela izenzo ezimbi abefundisi, nje ukukhuluma iqiniso. Njengoba ayazi kahle ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe ngeke kuqondwe osopolitiki kanye abalobi, waqhubeka ezibhala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ethi akekho umuntu indaba yakhe "Ebusuku izikhova", uzayilondoloza ekhabetheni ikhiyiwe, ngoba, cishe akekho oyophinde baqonde ukuthi wayesho ukuthini.

imisebenzi emikhulu

Kodwa engxenyeni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili wesibili, uNikolai Semenovich ijoyina kwababusi abalobi waqaphela, hhayi nje phakathi Bakwethu, kodwa futhi amajaji angaphandle. Phakathi endalweni yakhe ahlonishwe kakhulu imisebenzi efana "Akukho ndawo" (1864), "indiva" (1865), "Abantu bakulezi ziqhingi" (1866), "ngezinye loggerheads" (1870), "Cathedral Folk" (1872), "niluhlanga rundown "(1874) kanye" uDeveli unodoli ", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1890.

Isifingqo "ngqondongqondo ubudala" Leskov

Isalukazi isifuba kuya Dandy abasha abavela Petersburg, ngoba mina wayejwayelene kahle unina, owesifazane oziphethe kahle. Ngakho yena mnike ukuboleka isizumbulu semali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwakudingeka enze ibheyili impahla yakhe. Wayeqiniseka ukuthi imali yakhe, kodwa kuthatha iminyaka eminingana, futhi okweletayo wayengazange wamemezela. Isalukazi aye emfuna. Yena ifika Petersburg, lapho inkantolo yenza isinqumo, owawuthi okweletayo ubophekile ukuba abuyisele izikweletu. Kuphela kulolu ayenakho ukuletha iphepha irisidi. Dandy babenegunya elikhulu abashisekeli okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ezihloniphekile, kodwa ngoba akekho owaba nesibindi amnike ephepheni. Kamuva yabe seyaziwa ukuthi uhlala Dandy senkosikazi yakhe, futhi ebhaliswe endlini efulethini, futhi ayikho indlela ukuletha idokhumenti ekhelini. Isalukazi uphelelwa yithemba, ngoba indlu akaphili ke kuphela, kodwa indodakazi wakhe ogulayo, umzukulu. Abantu bayaqonda ukuthi kwenzekani engafanele, ke udabuke kakhulu lona wesifazane, ngaphandle ukuthi akekho kungasiza. Nokho, kukhona umuntu ozibiza ngokuthi ungungqondongqondo esibuza usizo ruble 500. A Dandy ne izikhonzi zako ocebile, Okwamanje, iya ku-uhambo. Wayeyisazi ngaphakathi the bombo of sokuzithandela ivumelana ne srazhatelem Serbian, okweletayo wayeka Mhlazane, kuyakushiswa ethulwa, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ngokushesha wanika ephepheni. Lonke essence itholakala lokuthi manje akakwazi ukuya phesheya, uma ungenawo ukukhokha isikweleti, nokuthi kumelwe senze. Lapho isifinyezo "Old ubuhlakani" Leskov ukufunda, kuba sobala ukuthi amazwi master wakwazi ukubonisa isibonelo esisodwa kuphela uma bonke opacity of isimiso sokwahlulela, ukuqaliswa ozikhethela semithetho nezikhulu ezinezikhundla eziphezulu kanye nabantu abahlala endaweni egqamile emphakathini.

Ukubonakala wobuciko

Uthando iRussia waphefumulela umlobi ukuze ufunde kabanzi nokuningi izinto ezintsha ngakho futhi sibonise imicabango yabo ephepheni. UNikolai Semenovich wakhonza njengephayona umbhali egcekeni iminyaka eminingi. Wayelethwa kahle ingxenye bureaucratic kohlelo zokwahlulela, oboné izimfanelo zayo kanye nobuthakathaka, ngeke nje amane abe indoda ngaphandle abashisekeli esiphakeme ukuze avikele iqiniso phambi komthetho yesimanje. Umbhali wale ncwadi wachaza kithi isimo lapho kungaba noma ubani kithi. Asikwazi ukuqaphela indlela enkulu kwaba ukungalingani yezakhamuzi phambi kwenkantolo, kanye ukuthola lokho ayefuna ukusibonisa umbhali, nje ukufunda isifinyezo sezinto "ngqondongqondo ubudala" Leskov. Kufana version egcwele umkhiqizo, kusenza sicabange ngokumba izihloko ukuphokophela, kanye uhlaziye izinto ezithile.

imininingwane ebalulekile

Kulo mfanekiso, umbhali uchaza umlando, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okuvame ukuhlotshiswa ngayo ukungalingani kanye ubushiqela ngakolunye - i-umqondo ezithakazelisayo futhi, nge heroes zezici yasekuqaleni. Isalukazi, isibonelo, umusa kubo bonke, akafuni ukulimaza ngisho indoda abangena kuye meanly. Ngoba akusona imithetho ebalulekile nezikhulu, ngoba ngempela ingenuous ukuze uhlupho neyesigodi. Ngaphambi "ngqondongqondo ubudala" umsebenzi - ukubamba okopelayo, futhi isebenzisa lonke ulwazi namakhono akhe, kuhleleka ngobuqili, umatasatasa neqhinga lokubhekelela. Isithombe ethunjwa okweletayo izinto ezincane. Kuyinto zobugovu futhi uyigovu umuntu, ngaphandle kwalokho wayezophayona kanjani ukwenza lokhu kubantu? Akabe esakwazi uthole eziphilayo ngokwethembeka, ufuna ukuba ngisebenzise ukuphila kwami ukuzijabulisa. Leskov (indaba "Genius Old") usikhombisa indlela ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo esemthethweni zakuqala ziyini na? Ezinye abantu kusukela esizukulwaneni esisha ongafuni ukwenza lutho, kodwa nje ulungele, singeke zingaphazamisi.

indaba ukwakheka

Umqondo - sengozini nsizwa phambi nosaziwayo elonakele. Umbhali uveza ukuthi uma isimo ayikwazi ukuvikela abantu, ukuqinisekisa amalungelo abo futhi baqikelele ukuthi iyagcinwa, abantu kumele wenze konke ngokwabo. Indaba ngokwayo yakhiwe phezu izindaba obuka kwenzekani. Baningi amasu kwezobuciko, ngezikhathi ezithile ukudala umphumela tragicomedy. Isici ezithakazelisayo wukuthi umlobi - protagonist umsebenzi, yini uthi isifinyezo sezinto "ngqondongqondo ubudala" Leskov. Yena uyamzwela isalukazi, isifuna ukwenza okuthile ukuze sisize, kodwa akakholelwa ukuthi iyoletha iqiniso, ngoba nje emnika imali. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwaba nomphumela ojabulisayo enjalo kuyadingeka nje for the holiday Christmas. Lena neze ngengozi, ngoba umlobi ukholwa ngempela ingokomoya esivela wonke umuntu.

nhlobo Leskov

"Genius Old" (a baxgeki siliqinisekise) uboniswa isithombe kweqiniso okwenzekayo. It usukela kokubili izici emihle nemibi eyinqaba kubantu Russian. Umbhali ikhombisa yonke ithalente ukujula womuntu. Nge indida yakhe evamile futhi abakusho abukhali wachaza ekilasini zikahulumeni, konke ukungafuni kwawo ukusebenza, imenze isimo futhi abantu okungenani okuzuzisayo.