Isakhiwo okungagunyaziwe: indlela zokuthola izincwadi ezingokomthetho "samostroy"

Namuhla ukwakhiwa ngentshiseko izinkampani hhayi kuphela ezikhethekile, kodwa abaningi abantu. abanikazi Happy komhlaba iziza ukukhuthalele lakhiwa phezu izigodi zabo nhlobonhlobo izindawo, it is hhayi ucabanga ukuba semthethweni kohlelo lolu hlobo ukwakhiwa. Izinkinga zenzeka kancane kamuva, lapho umnikazi "ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe" kungazelelwe enquma ukuthengisa, banikele noma yedlule impahla yakho.

Ngakho-ke yini ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe? Russian Civil Code linikeza impendulo ecacile yalo mbuzo. isakhiwo okungagunyaziwe - kungcono njalo isakhiwo esakhiwe phezu kwezwe, lapho kudalwa izindawo enjalo inqobo kwezinkambiso zomthetho ezanele. Futhi lisho ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe noma yiluphi uhlobo izakhiwo, eyenziwa ngaphandle kokuthola ukugunyazwa okufanele ukuba afeze imisebenzi noma esakhiwe ayephuli olwamukelwa imithetho yokwakha neziqondiso. Isakhamuzi oye esakhiwe isakhiwo okungagunyaziwe, ayikwazi kubhekwe ngumnikazi, futhi ngenxa yalokho alinalo ilungelo bachithe la impahla. Ngamanye amazwi, ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe ezingeke zikwazi ukuthengiswa, kunikelwe ngayo kwabanye, ngofuzo noma aqashiwe.

Futhi lokhu inkathazo "ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe" yomnikazi akugcini lapho. Ngokomthetho iyiphi impahla okungagunyaziwe eyakhelwe kukhonjelwe ukubhidliza ayimpoqo, futhi kuyodingeka athwale izindleko yomnikazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe kuyodingeka bakhokhe inhlawulo. Ukuze ugweme izindleko impahla ezingadingekile hhayi unezinkinga umthetho, kungcono wonke umsebenzi wokwakha kuleyo ndawo kwenziwe ngokuhambisana iziqondiso ezingokomthetho.

Uma kukhona ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe, futhi imibhalo efanele kuso azitholakali ke ikhambi elilodwa - semthethweni we "ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe" ill-fated. Indlela zivunyelwe ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe, futhi yini izenzo okudingeka zithathwe le njongo?

Ukusungulwa amalungelo endawo ukuze ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkantolo. kumelwe Siyazi ukuthi ayikho inkantolo ayiboni impahla isakhiwo, elakhiwa ngo-izwe kuhloselwe izinjongo ezifana. Kwezinye izimo, ngenxa "ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe" singanqotshwa.

Inkantolo inelungelo ukuba livumele ngokomthetho ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe ezimweni lapho lesi sakhiwo ubekwe esiqeshini sendawo, okuyinto lihlotshiswe ngummangali ukuze impahla noma sabenza ukuqasha. Ubunikazi of isakhiwo okungagunyaziwe, ibekwe phansi, okungesilo isicelo, kungenzeka obonwa inkantolo kuphela uma umuntu ophethe ukwakhiwa, ukulungiselela yonke imininingwane ebalulekile ngenxa yezwe. INkantolo ungalokothi uye waqaphela ilungelo ubunikazi lezo zakhiwo okungagunyaziwe ukuthi wephule umthetho wamalungelo angokomthetho zabanye noma ziyingozi impilo noma ukuphila izakhamuzi.

Ngo inqubo ngokomthetho ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe uzobe ibhekene nezinkinga eziningi ezahlukene kanye nezinkinga ukuqoqa inqwaba yomagazini, izitifiketi futhi imibhalo, ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi ezibonakalayo. Futhi umphumela wokuqulwa kwecala akuqinisekile. Hhayi yokuthi inkantolo izokhipha isinqumo esihle, futhi ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe kuzobhekwa njengezenzo ezifanele. Yingakho lapho kwakhiwa ingcebo kuhamba phambili ukuhambisana nayo yonke imibandela ebekwe umthetho.

Lokho esikhathini esizayo ngeke ukuhamba iziphathimandla zokwahlulela ukuze sithole amalungelo impahla, kubalulekile, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukusebenzisa i-ukwakhiwa lezinto kuphela okuhloswe injongo nemithetho sokubhalisa kuso, nginazo lonke imibhalo yephrojekthi imvume yokwakha, kanye ukulandela ngokucophelela yonke efakwe kwezinkambiso ukwakhiwa kanye nemithetho.