Inzuzo Participial: njengoba egqanyisiwe? Obusa ngamazwi esithi imishwana

Ukubhekana neqiniso lokuthi ngomlomo esithi imishwana enjengethi, njengoba waligcizelela leli ukwakhiwa kanjani ukuqaqa isiphakamiso esinjalo ukubunjwa, okokuqala kuvela akubona bonke. Ukuze ufunde indlela ukusebenza le amayunithi zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, sicela ubheke ngomsuka wayo.

Uyini gerund?

Ekucubunguleni le nkinga uma uqale wazi ukuthi ngokuvamile gerund ezinjalo. Kuyaqondakala njengengxenye ezimele yokukhuluma, ngesiRashiya is esichazwa njengesono esiphambene ekhethekile isimo sesenzo. I lucebe incazelo gerundive - senzo bemvelo yesibili, uzibophezele kanyekanye ne core.

Gerund sinezici isandiso kanye nesenzo. Kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala kwenkulumo, kwathatha nokungaguquguquki futhi indima syntactic emshweni - esimweni, futhi kusukela ngekhulu lesibili - isigaba reflexivity futhi transitivity. Ngokuvamile, le mibuzo elandelayo angabuzwa kuye: "Ngikhala njani?", "Yini ukuyenza?", "Yini ukwenza?".

ulimi Learning Russian: inzuzo participial futhi gerund

Esithi e isiRashiya kwavela ngokuqondene obhekwe ifomu esifushane omunye izinhlupheko isakramente. Lapho beschlennye esithi ngolimi Old Russian walahlekelwa ifomu Nokwehla, banayo emabito, abakhwelwe izimpawu isenzo, ngesikhathi esithile. Namuhla bajwayele nge ekupheleni "-vshis" iphuma tento iphendule.

Verbal esithi amabinzana, imibuzo uqondane nalabo gerund ongashadile kweqembu amazwi "gerund + izwi engaphansi", lapho njengoba ingxenye yesibili kungaba yisiphi tenkhulumo. Kulokhu, izwi encike kulo liyophinde ngokuvamile ukudlala indima yesibili emshweni.

umsebenzi syntactic

inzuzo Participial lwabelwe ukhefane zombili, futhi, njengoba umthetho, kunendima ethile ekugcineni izimo isiphakamiso. Kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuhlukanisa ngamazwi esithi imishwana kusukela emabito olulodwa, ezifanayo umsebenzi imixhantela kokuba ukubaluleka isithombe isenzo (e isiphakamiso, kunjalo futhi izimo, kodwa aziqabukeli). Uma othile ekubuza lokho ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, wagcizelela, futhi izingxenye zalo, ungaphendula ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa ngumuntu emideni emaqatjhazi iphuzu.

Ezinye ngamazwi esithi imishwana ayikwazi ukuzihlukanisa. Lawa amayunithi, okuyinto kokuqukethwe yayo eduze kakhulu ehlangene isilandiso kanye yakha umnyombo izitatimende equkethwe isiphakamiso. Verbal esithi amabinzana, izaga nazo azinakiwe ahlukanisa (ngokuvumelana nemithetho isipelingi Russian).

Obusa ngamazwi esithi imishwana

Verbal esithi imishwana zingafakwa ngaphambi kwesenzo emshweni, enza umsebenzi isilandiso, bamlandela. Kungakhathaliseki lapho likhona, kufanele ukwaba ukhefana nhlangothi zombili. Ngokwesibonelo: "UMariya, imbiza evulekile ujamu wawathela ibe vase enhle wasibeka phezu kwetafula." Verbal esithi imishwana "imbiza evulekile ujamu" kuyinto isilandiso kanye imele phambi ukhefana.

Ezinye zalezi zakhiwo kungenzeka wahlela ukuba subordinative noma izihlanganiso wokuxhumanisa, kanye izwi ahlangene. Kulokhu, nazo ahlukaniswe ngekhoma, kanye inzuzo kungaba zisuswe nganoma isiphi esinye ekugcineni kwemusho, umqondo jikelele okuyinto kuleli cala akusho ahlupheke. Ngokwesibonelo: "Ukuphila enonya kangaka ukuba kubantu, hhayi ukukwazi ukuba lusizi, akunakwenzeka ukuba ufunde ukuthanda." Kulokhu, isiphakamiso kungashintshwa: "Ukuphila enonya kangaka kubantu ukuthi awukwazi ukufunda kanjani ukubonisa uthando, abakwazi ukuba lusizi." Meaning of isigwebo lamahubo lilingana, kuphela ukuze yezingxenye washintsha.

Amacala-okuhlukile

Abanye abafundi nabafundi njalo benza amaphutha e ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, ngaphandle kokuba ulwazi mayelana ngaphandle. Sikhuluma lapho isakhiwo esinjalo Itholakala Isihlongozo ngokuhlangana adversative "kodwa." Kulokhu, ngeke bakwazi ukuthuthela kwenye indawo izipesheli, njengoba isakhiwo wale mithandazo phansi ngokuphelele.

Uma inzuzo participial wabanjwa phakathi ezimbili kuqhathaniswa nomunye amalungu eyohlobo izipesheli okuhlotshaniswa usebenzisa Union adversative "a", kufanele ukwaba ukhefana nhlangothi zombili. Ngokwesibonelo: "Okudala ingabe usekhona, kodwa siguqulelwa izimo zanamuhla, kuqhubeka ukuhlala phakathi kwabantu."

ngabodwa

Uma nazi lokho ngamazwi esithi imishwana njengoba avelele izingxenye zalo, sekuyisikhathi ukuthola ulwazi mayelana amacala ukwehlukana izakhiwo idatha. Inzuzo, okubandakanya zesandulela "kuphela" futhi "kuphela" nesici. Buviyoviyo izinhlayiya uhlukane ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, kodwa sisodwa naye.

Uma ubhekene ezimbili ngamazwi esithi imishwana, ezixhunywe ngegama elilodwa "futhi", uyazi ukuthi kungukuthi ahlukaniswe ngekhoma futhi baziphathe izingxenye njengoba eyohlobo kwemusho ezimweni ezifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo: "Ngelinye ilanga ehamba blue sea futhi umuzwa ekhephuzelayo wanelisa, wahlangana esingalindelekile ...".

Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi

Uma uxhuma amabili akuzona ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, futhi omunye revolution kanye nezinye izinhlaka (isilandiso, imisho lecondzile, nokunye. D.) Union elihlukile isemikholoni, kanjalo kubuyisele ngokwahlukana ngamazwi esithi imishwana. Ngokwesibonelo: ". Esahlezi ezitebhisini, yawning kancane, futhi wacabanga ukuthi kusasa uzophinde ube ukuya emsebenzini uyakuzonda"

Uma ezimweni ezifanayo, a pair of ngamazwi esithi imishwana zixhunywe uxhumano asyndetic, kubalulekile ukuze acacise incazelo isiphakamiso. Kuphela ngesisekelo sizokwazi ukunquma okuyinto isilandiso akunakubangelwa abayenzayo. Kulokhu, phakathi izakhiwo akufanele kube yimuphi isiphumuzi.

Lapho participial ukushushumbisa is aziqabukeli?

Uma uqonde lokho ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, njengoba waligcizelela leli ucezu izipesheli (dot-dash-dot-dash) kufanele sibhekane nesimo esinzima lapho design hhayi labelwe ukhefane. Ezimweni ezinjalo kancane, kodwa ukuba khona kwabo kwenza ukuba baqaphele ngokukhethekile.

Uma ngamazwi esithi imishwana kakhulu lihlotshaniswa kwesenzo nencazelo yalo lucebe, futhi akha mqondo ka wonke umusho, it is aziqabukeli. Ngokwesibonelo: ". Kwasukasukela ubani Ivanovs ngaphandle ingxabano" Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha ukuthi bake baphila ngaphandle ukuphikisana, okusho sekunokuxhumana obuseduze isenzo.

Indlela yokugwema amaphutha?

Imithetho ngamazwi imishwana esithi zihlanganisa khona izakhiwo ukuthi musa ukukhiqiza ukhefana. Ngokwesibonelo, ipholisemi: "Wayesebenza endaweni slipshod" noma "ukubeka likhiphe ngesikhathi iphelela emoyeni. ' Kulokhu, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho, isibonelo, inkulumo eqandisiwe ukuthi ukudlala umsebenzi izakhiwo input, "ngokusobala", "Ngamafuphi nje," etc ...

Verbal esithi imishwana ayikwazi labelwe nhlangothi zombili ukhefana, uma ebhekene ne kuyizinhlayiyana "nokubafundisa babe 'engasho lutho inzuzo. Ngokwesibonelo: "Ungakwazi sihlale sithobekile futhi lanqoba isitha sina." Kulokhu, akukho okhefana azihloselwe, futhi ngokuvamile kakhulu benza iphutha elibi kakhulu.

Yini enye okudingeka ukwazi?

Uma kukhona inhlanganisela ngamazwi esithi imishwana ngokuthi "gerund SS + ukuthi "kusho inyunyana izwi ayikwazi ukuhlala ngokwehlukana, futhi liyingxenye design. Ngokwesibonelo: "Waba yonkana eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezahlukene, ngaphandle ekunqumeni ukuthi ingahamba akukho okunye." Ukuze izimbongi classical kwakuwumkhuba ovamile ukwenza sipho kuya ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, esemgwaqweni ngaphakathi kuncike, akuyona behlukene izinhlangothi ezimbili ukhefane.

Uma esithi njengengxenye imali elahlekile esenzweni esisho ke ilahlekelwe kanye nokwenzeka ngokuhlukana. Ngokwesibonelo: "Mina ngiyakuba emsebenzini kusukela ngehora lesithathu ekuseni." Kulokhu, lo gerund "ekuqaleni" kungenziwa ayifakiwe isiphakamiso, futhi lokho okushiwo yile ngeke kushintshe kakhulu, ngoba inhlanganisela "kusukela" lapha udlala umsebenzi bezenzisa. Kulokhu, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho, okuyizinto namuhla bephikisana zezilimi ehola, ongoti kolimi Russian.

Verbal esithi imishwana ungeme ngaphandle sengathi udlala indima izingxenye eyohlobo yomusho, ngaphakathi kwalo kukhona izimo ze-non-kuhlukaniswa. Lapho kuhlangene emuva gerund isandiso, kungaba adedelwe ukhefane zombili.

Ulwazi mayelana nendlela umklamo ukuma nge emabito, iyokusiza ukuba unqume umsebenzi wabo syntactic. Manje uyazi ukuthi ngomlomo esithi imishwana, njengoba icaciswe ngamunye izingxenye zalo, ngakho izinkinga nge ncazelo yayo ngeke neze ube.