Injini kokucindezela

Kokucindezela injini inikeza ukwanda amandla etholakalayo kusukela omlilo of ingxube nophethiloli. Wona kanye umqondo welithi lisuselwa egameni lesi Latin «compressio» (kokucindezelwa). Kokucindezela iyona kokucindezelwa igesi ngaphansi kwethonya amabutho angaphandle. Lokhu kuholela Ukwehliswa umthamo yayo. Emazingeni ephakeme noma izingcindezi bangase benze njengokungathi nethonya zangaphandle. I yangaphakathi omlilo engine (yangaphakathi omlilo injini) njengoba kokucindezelwa injini kwenzeka. Kulokhu, kokucindezelwa ingxube fuel wenziwa.

Ngo imiklamo eziningi izimoto zanamuhla setha ezine-unhlangothi omlilo yangaphakathi injini. Kokucindezela injini Kutholwe ngokuyinhloko ekamelweni omlilo endaweni phakathi kwezindonga chamber, zlib esiyingini phansi piston. Kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho ingcindezi ifinyelela esiphezulu lapho piston licishe azifinyelelanga ezingeni iphuzu elingenhla efile, ngaphambi ukuthungela ingxube ezivuthayo.

Kokucindezela injini, ngaphandle derate injini kanye nokuhamba ngesivinini eseqile kubhekwa ukulinganisa okuhlobene ngesimo uMbhalo-piston yangaphakathi omlilo injini uhlelo futhi eziningi kwamanye amasayithi. Piston izindandatho, ama-valve (eyanele kanye Fried) e gasket inhloko motor unit eziningi ezinye izingxenye ukunikeza izinga kokucindezelwa.

kuphakama umthwalo ekamelweni ongafinyelela eziphindwe nanhlanu e uphethiloli izinjini. kwakhiwa kokucindezela yenjini udizili is at ingcindezi ukufinyelela eziphindwe amathathu. Kule ndaba, zonke izingxenye abahilelekile, kumele akwazi ukumelana njalo umthwalo ongako.

Lapho piston liyasuswa ingcindezi wadala kwenzeka umoya ovela engena phakathi igebe phakathi inkatho kanye indandatho. Amagesi okuholela yayicindezele kobuso indandatho isilinda.

umthwalo njalo ku uMbhalo-piston uhlelo, ukusatshalaliswa igesi indlela ngenxa njalo ingcindezi eliphezulu zibulale isimo izingxenye. Lokhu, elilulaza amandla kanye nokwethulwa ngokuyiko kwezinhlelo motor. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi injini kokucindezelwa (sinye siyafanana) zingase zihluke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa izimo ezahlukene nesilinganiso: lokushisa, isivinini crankshaft, inani emoyeni itheku ku uMbhalo.

Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, uwoyela, kokuba kwabantu ephakeme, viscosity, kokucindezelwa inyuka, ukuqongelela ezindongeni uMbhalo, ukugxisha yezingxenye ezihambisana e izikhala. fuel okweqile olunceleka isilinda, Lokhu kugeza kude ifilimu uwoyela, ukuze kokucindezelwa sinciphile.

Ngo nesilinganiso kokucindezelwa asethwe amasilinda kuba nokwenzeka ukunquma izimbangela ukwehla kwamandla injini noma "kubi" uyisebenzise. Ngokwesibonelo, e imishini ngobubanzi amakhilomitha eziyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu nezinkulungwane mkhulu kunezinhliziyo kokucindezelwa okusezingeni eliphezulu kungahle kubangelwe ekwakhekeni abalulekile coke ungqimba ezindongeni omlilo ekamelweni. Lokhu, kunciphisa umthamo ingaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngokulandelana, anda kokucindezelwa.

Izinga kokucindezelwa lingalinganiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Lapho evulekile mpintsha wenziwa esiphezulu kungenzeka komoya kwinjini. Ezenye kungayithonya ukuvuza air amasilinda nge bafake izindandatho zifakwe khona burnouts uqhekeke, imihuzuko ku ezindongeni piston futhi uMbhalo, valve nezinye phezulu.

Lapho mpintsha ivaliwe, ungathola izinkomba ngokunembile ezingeni kokucindezelwa. Kulokhu kukhona esincane air eyanele. Ngakho kungenzeka ukubala ukuvuza ezivela ukusonteka of induku noma valve esihlalweni bafake.

Lapho ukuqala injini kunzima, kutuswa ukuba metering injini kubanda. Kulesi kokucindezelwa lincane uma ilinganiswa injini liyashisa. Ngokuvamile, nesilinganiso at injini esishisayo kumele kwenziwe ezingeni lokushisa degree angaba ngu-80-90. Lokhu kungenxa ukwehla e viscosity futhi ukwehla igebe phakathi izingxenye ezinyakazayo.